In vitro Anti-fungal And Toxicity of Spray-dried Amphotericin B-loaded Poly Lactide- glycolide Nanocapsules

Amphotericin B (AmB) is an ancient antifungal drug as well as a proper treatment for systemic fungal infection. Unfortunately, this antibiotic has shown some side effects such as nephrotoxicity. Therefore, some new AmB formulations are, nowadays, prepared to reduceits toxicity and increase effectiveness of this drug. AmB nanocapsules were prepared from polymers such as poly D,L-lactide-co-glycolide by means of a solvent displacement technique. Then, the dried nanocapsules were prepared using SiO2 and entrapment efficacy of AmB was measured by spectrophotometry technique. Also, the MICs of these nanocapsules to Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) was determined using microdilution method. Then, in vitro toxicity (haemolysis) of AmB- loaded nanocapsules was determined on human red blood cells. The data showed that AmB entrapment efficacy of nanocapsules was 75% ± 0.13. The MICs of AmB-loaded nanocapsules against the tested Candida albicans were significantly reduced, compared to that of the free antibiotic. Also, the AmB-loaded nanocapsules found to be 5.89 times less toxic than free AmB on human red blood cells. Discussion & The results suggest that the prepared AmB-loaded nanocapsules in this research can be an appropriate delivery system for AmB to be used in the treatment of fungal infections.