Contributing Factors in Major Malformations in Neonatals Born in Alzahra Medical-Educational Hospital, Tabriz

Congenital malformations are one of the most important factors of mortality and morbidity of newborns. Infants born with congenital abnormalities impose emotional and economical problems. Abnormalities are due to chromosomal and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to determine factors affecting risks of congenital malformations 2007 This study is a case-control study which was applied on 333 newborns with major malformation and 666 healthy newborns birth in education and treatment center of Alzahra in 2007 which were compatible in social and individual characteristics. Newborns in the control group were chosen by convenience sampling and the cases in the case group were chosen randomly. Then data were collected by interview and filling questionnaire. They were analyzed by SPSS/ver13 and independent t-test and X2. Findings of the study revealed that the most common congenital anomalies were related to the skeletal system (28/83%), the genitourinary system (28/23%), the nervous system (9/31%), the chromosomal abnormalities (8/71%), digestive system (6/61%). Results indicated that 25% of abnormal newborns’ parents had consanguineous marriage; this was 15.9% for normal babies and this difference was statically significant (P=0/004). Outcomes also represent that there were meaningful relationship between congenital malformations and diseases of mother during pregnancy, baby gender, woman’s number of pregnancies and history of abortion, prenatal care during pregnancy, mother’s taking multivitamin, ferrous sulfate and drugs during pregnancy and mode of delivery (P<0/05). There were significant differences in birth weight, gestational age and 1&5-min Apgar scores of two groups. Findings showed that the rates of consanguineous marriage, diseases of the mother during pregnancy, number of pregnancies, history of abortion, prenatal cares and mode of delivery in malformed infants were significantly higher than in normal babies. Regarding the risk of consanguineous marriage it seems necessary to educate families and young people about considering specific cases as well as getting regular prenatal cares.