The effect of lidocaine 2% compared of mepivacaine 3% on blood pressure & heart rate changes after inferior alveolar nerve block injection

There are major issues of concern regarding of blood pressure & heart rate changes due to injection of local anesthesia and contradictory. According to different reports about exists the effect of local anesthesia agents on cardiovascular system. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of anesthetic agent: lidocaine 2% with epinephrine and mepivacaine 3% on blood pressure & heart rate changes after inferior alveolar nerve block injection.Methods and Materials: In the present randomized single blind cross over clinical trial study 35 patient (70 models) were participated. In the first visit the patients were injected with one of the aesthetics agents and on their second visit, the other aesthetic agent was injected. Patients were asked to complete the stress questionnaire and then the blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Afterwards, the injection was made and B.P and heart rate were recorded immediately after the injection and 10 minutes later. Paired T-test was used for data analysis.

there was no significant difference between the effect of lidocaine and mepivacaine on blood pressure & heart rate before, right after and 10 minutes after inferior alveolar nerve block injection. Also, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of systolic and diastolic BP and pulse rate, although there was a genered increase in the group injected with lidocaine. In the present study, there was a significant positive linear correlation between the score of DAS (stress of dental) and systolic & diastolic blood pressure& heart rate changes before, right after & 10 minutes after the injection.

There were no major changes in systolic & diastolic blood pressure& pulse rate immediately & 10 minutes after injection in & among groups, which indicates that use of lidocaine & mepivacaine will not make any systemic difference in healthy patients. However more research is recommended for the systemically compromised patients.