Exploration and Critique of Cartesian Dualism

The nature of relation between soul and body is among issues to which attention was paid when man began to philosophical thinking and inclined to know his own self began. In the Greek period and Medieval Ages, various theories were advanced concerning the nature of relation between soul and body. In the modern era as well, this issue has been discussed. With Descarte's philosophy, this issue became the focus of attention; for, after proving the Cogito proposition, and while considering a distinction between the corporal substance and thinking substance, Descartes changed the [issue of] relation between soul and body to a problem that philosophers tried to solve it for a while. By distinguishing these two substances, the father of modernity caused a distinction between two philosophical schools, i.e. empiricism and rationalism. Descartes accepts the relation and interaction between soul and body in the daily experiences; but he is not able to solve [the problem of] this relation and interaction on the basis of philosophical principles.