The effect of different carbon sources and concentrations, and growth regulators on anther culture and embryogenesis of Datura stramonium L

Sugar type and growth regulators are essential fundamental components of tissue culture media. In this study, different concentrations of some carbohydrate and growth regulators during anther culture and producing somatic embryo of Datura stramonium L. was investigated in MS medium. The MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mgL-1 kinetin and 2 mgL-1 2,4-D, and also the medium supplemented with 0.25 mgL-1 kinetin and 2 mgL-1 2,4-D indicated the highest of callus induction. Among the four sugar type applied in this study such as sucrose, glucose, fructose and maltose, the best callus formation was observed in medium containing 4% maltose. The investigation of growth regulators on amount of embryogenesis showed that, the highest frequency of somatic embryo induction on anther-derived calli was obtained in medium containing 1 mgL-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mgL-1 naphthaleneacetic (NAA).