Science and Technology Studies: A Review on Sociological Backgrounds of Technology

Referring to the importance and nature of technology and its relations with science, this paper reviews sociological theories of technology. To this end, two paradigms namely, Technological Determinism and Social, Economic and Political Determinism of Technology are critically analyzed. Later, three outstanding approaches to Social, Economic and Political Determinism of Technology, i.e. Constructivist, Techno-Social Systems and Actor-Network Theories, as well as their reasoning in technological sociology are explained in detail.