The Necessity and Process of Implementing Crime Mapping System and determining the urban vulnerable locations through Geographic Information System (GIS)

Today, seeking new and functional methods in urban planning and managing aiming to crime prevention and control is indispensible for policing, judicial, and security organizations of metropolises. In such situation, using GIS to understand the current situation of violations and social offenses, precisely analyze the information, model to predict the future trends of crime, and finally select new solutions in crime reduction and prevention are necessary instruments for policing and security organizations. The first accepted rule in crime mapping is that the release of crime and deviance hasn’t a common level in space and time and therefore, different time or space possesses various misbehaviors. Since in criminal policies as well as other social issues it has been proven that prevention is more effective and reasonable than other methods of crime control, the online and proper use of GIS to identify the occurrence of crime in the geographic space of cities is a crucial instrument to recognize and analyze the urban space. Studying the definition and the history of GIS in some developed or developing countries, this article analyzes the current contexts and the implementation process of it.