The Study of Blast Effect on Reinforced Concrete Structures

One of the main principles in passive defense is to retrofit of structures against blast loads. The first step to achieve this purpose is understanding and simulation of blast effects on structures. The most convenient method for simulation and analysis of blast effect on structures is numerical simulations. Free explosion problems or explosion with fragment problem are characterized as severe dynamic loads that are induced by blast or impact and last for some micro-seconds. Therefore, in numerical simulations, wave propagation should be accurately modeled. General continuous mechanics that is used for simulation of such phenomena is based on mass, momentum and energy equations in reactions that describe material behavior. Since the equations consist of nonlinear partial derivatives, analytical solutions cannot be used generally because inputs and initial values are too complicated. Numerical techniques are the only method for achieving available complete solutions. Some hydro-codes are now used for such simulations. Each code has features that individualize it, but none of these codes or numerical methods is better than others in all problems. In this study, to show the abilities and accuracy of numerical methods in such simulations, simulation of concrete structure behavior under blast load is conducted using LS-DYNA code. Besides, the used patterns and governing equations are accurately studied.