Study of the Interactive Patterns of the Research and Executive Support Institutions with the Science and Technology Policy High Councils

The policy making processes in science and technology High Councils، in addition to the decision making commissions and committees comprising the top ranking officials and leading scientists and researchers in various fields of science and technology، need have a of the research and executive support bodies. Effective interaction between the high councils and the research and executive support institutions can lead to effective and efficient policies. This article investigates the patterns of policy-making systems and interactions between the main science and technology policy making institutions in the U. S، England، Japan، Sought Korea، Turkey and Pakistan. Findings of this study provide a typology of such interactive patterns and compare it with the existing situation in Iran. In the final section of the article، the policy implications for improving the interactive pattern in Iran are suggested.