An Analysis of Livestock Grazing and Watershed Management in the Nemieh Territory of Asalam Tabesh Nomads

The nomadic animal husbandry system of Iran is one of the oldest and most important methods of animal husbandry breeding in the country. The basic features of this system include its main reliance on natural pastures, so that livestock is fed naturally in the territory of the Ile (tribe) using summer and winter ranges. Change of rangeland ecosystem as a result of the grazing of various types of animal husbandry is inevitable, and if this change is not supervised and controlled, it will lead to soil erosion, a steady decline in the vegetation surface cover of rangelands and risk to the natural environment and life of nomads. Grazing management has been seeking to interfere in the changes through control of intensity and time of grazing in order to maximize the production yield by achieving quantity and plant composition, minimizing environmental degradation and profitability for livestock breeders. Considering the importance of natural grazing of animal husbandry in rangelands on the one hand and the necessity of preserving the natural environment and watershed management on the other, and with the aim of paying due attention to livestock grazing management in watersheds, in this paper, based on descriptive research method and using documentary and secondary methods as well as field studies in the form of observation and analysis of questionnaires, analytical survey of livestock grazing and watershed management have been conducted.