Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y versus One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass on Remission of Diabetes in Morbid Obesity

Laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) are common treatments for morbid obese patients who suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has been hypothesized that diabetes may be resolved or improved after bariatric procedures, although the exact effect has not been well established. The present study aimed to compare remission of T2DM after LRYGB versus OAGB in this study.
All diabetic obese patients, aged between 16 to 60, who referred to Hazrat Rasul Akram obesity clinic from April 2010 to March 2013 for LRYGB or OAGB were included in the present study. Pre-operative parameters, including glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), and type of diabetes medication were extracted from database and recorded. Pre-operative and three months postoperative values were then compared between the groups.
Out of 95 eligible patients, 50 patients underwent OAGB and 45 patients had LRYGB. The two groups were homogenous in distribution of gender, mean age, weight, BMI, and FPG; however, mean HbA1C was relatively higher in LRYGB group (P = 0.05) than other group, which was non-significant after adjustment. Rate of remission was significantly higher in OAGB group than other group after three months follow-up (64.0 versus 31.1%, respectively) (P = 0.002).
In our short-term follow-up, OAGB had a higher rate of remission of T2DM compared to LRYGB, which could be due to different baseline value of HbA1c (before surgery) between two groups. Future research is thus suggested with linger follow-up and randomized study design.