Adverse Cardiometabolic Effect in Bilateral/Unilateral Oophorectomy Versus Natural Menopause: Results of Over a Decade Follow-up Among Iranian Women

To compare metabolic changes in 3 groups of postmenopausal women: those who had undergone bilateral salpingooophorectomy hysterectomy (BSO H), those with hysterectomy ± unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (H ± USO), and those who reached natural menopause during follow-up.
This longitudinal study was performed on 543 female participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) who experienced surgical menopause (BSO H or H ± USO) or natural menopause over a 12-year period. During the follow-up period, changes in metabolic and biochemical profiles were compared between surgically and naturally menopausal women (NMW). In all groups, data was collected using questionnaires twice, at baseline and again after 3 years.
Considering the women with natural menopause as the reference group, the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome was 5.0 in the surgically menopause due to BSO H. Mean fasting blood glucose was also significantly higher in the H ± USO group, compared to the naturally menopausal, after adjustment for confounding variables.
The incidence of metabolic syndrome in the BSO H group and that of fasting blood glucose in the H ± USO group were higher than NMW.