Arg753gln and Arg677 Trp Polymorphisms of Toll-Like Receptor 2 In Acute Apical Abscess

Statement of the Problem: Genetic polymorphisms can alter immunity response against pathogens, which in turn influence individuals’ susceptibility to certain infections.
Our aim was to determine the association of Arg753Gln (rs5743708) and Arg677Trp (rs12191786) polymorphisms of toll like receptor-2 gene with the two clinical forms of apical periodontitis: acute apical abscess (AAA) and asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP).
There were 50 patients with AAA as case group and 50 with AAP as control group. Genotyping was done using Tetra-ARMS (amplification refractory mutation system) PCR.
Heterozygous genotype of Arg677Trp polymorphism was associated with risk of AAA (OR=1.9, 95% CI: 0.7-5.5, p= 0.05). Although statistically insignificant, Arg677Trp polymorphism promoted the risk of AAA in dominant model (OR=2.1, 95% CI: 0.7-5.9, p> 0.05). The frequency of mutant allele (T) of Arg677Trp polymorphism was higher in AAA (14%) than AAP (7%) subjects (OR=1.7, 95% CI: 0.6-4.7). For Arg753Gln polymorphism, wild homozygous (GG) represented the dominant genotype in both cases (96%) and controls (100%). Variant allele (A) of Arg753Gln polymorphism was identified in 2% of AAA, while no individual represented with this allele in AAP subjects. Individuals with Arg753Gln; Arg677Trp (GG; TC) combination showed an elevated risk of AAA (OR=1.6, 95% CI: 0.5- 4.2, p> 0.05).
Arg677Trp polymorphism of TLR-2 rendered a higher risk for the development of abscesses in apical periodontitis. It is recommended to explore role of this polymorphism in other populations.