Comparison of Cell Proliferation and Adhesion of Human Osteoblast Differentiated Cells on Electrospun and Freeze-Dried PLGA/Bioglass Scaffolds

A link between bone loss or bone mineral density and neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson`s diseases has been recently demonstrated. Human endometrium is an anactive tissue that includes human endometrial stem cells, which are able to differentiate into various cell lines. The goal of this study was to differentiate these cells into osteoblast cells and to culture the differentiated cells onto the scaffolds out of PLGA/Bioglass to be considered as a new method for bone regeneration in neurodegenerative disease.
Endometrial cells were treated with osteogenic media including β-glycerol phosphate, ascorbic acid, and dexamethasone for 21 days in order to be differentiated to the bone. Differentiated osteoblast cells were then cultured onto the scaffolds. Morphology of the cells was examined using SEM and expression of osteoblast markers was studied by real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry. Moreover, biocompatibility of the scaffolds was measured by MTT.
The results showed that the scaffold made by the freeze-drying method presented a better biocompatibility and capability to up-regulate the expression of osteoblast-specific genes.
Since, hEnSCs are recently found in the stem cell origin for bone tissue repair in vitro, especially when expanded on PLGA/Bioglass scaffolds. Therefore, usage of hEnSCs for bone reconstruction is a new therapeutic approach for interim bone loss in neurodegenerative diseases.