Investigating the Effect of Perineal Heating Pad on the Frequency of Episiotomies and Perineal Tears in Primiparous Females

Female reproductive system injury caused after vaginal delivery is very common, and episiotomy and spontaneous tears, or both are the most important contributing factors in this regard. However, several techniques have been developed to reduce this damage, yet their impact has not been fully proven. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of perineal heating pad on the frequency of episiotomies and perineal tears in primiparous females. In this single-blind clinical trial, a total of 114 primiparous females, who referred to Imam Ali Hospital in Andimeshk and were eligible to participate in the study, were randomly divided to two groups, consisting of 57 individuals. The heating pads were used in the intervention group with the start of the second stage of labor and the childbirth process was routinely carried out in the control group without any intervention. The data collection tool was a form on demographic information and characteristics of the research subjects, as well as the maternal postpartum data collection form. Data analysis was carried out using Chi-square and independent T-test using the SPSS software version 19. P values of < 0.05 were considered significant. The frequency of episiotomies was 41% and 21% in the control and intervention groups, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups in this regard (P = 0.025). The results also showed that the perineal intactness percentage was higher in the intervention group than the control group, although this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.512). The results of the current study revealed that the use of perineal heating pad during the second stage can be effective in decreasing the episiotomy rate and improving perineal intactness in primiparous females. Since there are a few studies in this regard, it is recommended to carry out further research in this field and other interventions affecting perineal tear and the episiotomy rate