Triploidy and Routine Combined First Trimester Pregnancy Screening

This report is about a pregnancy with a triploid fetus and underscores the potential of first trimester combined screening to detect this devastating chromosomal aberration earlier in pregnancy. This report is about a pregnancy with a triploid fetus identified from the first trimester combined screening and confirmed by amniocentesis. A 28 year old, G5P2AB2 woman was referred to our clinic at 15 weeks of gestation due to a remarkable decrease of her first trimester double biochemical markers and therefore in the high-risk range for trisomy 13 and 18. The woman underwent amniocentesis which revealed a karyotype of 69,XXX. The parents opted for termination and in post mortem physical examination, a hydrocephalus fetus with marked Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) in addition to syndactyly of third and fourth digits, low set malformed ears, micrognathia and club foot, was seen. Our results and previous reports highlight the need to consider a somewhat consistent pattern of the first trimester combined screening in a pregnancy with triploidy and underscore the potential of this screening strategy to detect this chromosomal aberration earlier in pregnancy. Early prenatal diagnosis of this syndrome would provide women an opportunity to terminate an affected pregnancy earlier. This is also important in preventing the risks of associated later induced abortion or obstetric complications.