Stewardship in Health, Designing a Multi-Layer Meta Model: A Review Article

In the current study, we aimed to explain the concept of stewardship by employing a critical review perspective and, finally, to develop a model. Critical review method and Carnwell and Daly approach and using particular keywords related to stewardship, and searching databases were used. In the initial search, until 2018, 1050 studies were obtained, which using targeted sampling method, 32 studies were finally selected. Then, selected studies were criticized and finally, and the conceptual model of stewardship was designed and explained. After reviewing and criticizing; the concept and aspects of the model were categorized in the sub-tasks of knowledge-generation, strategic framework, evidence-based policy-making, system design, resource allocation, capacity building, enforcement/alignment, that through operation leads to achieving goals. Final model was categorized into three effective levels. Some studies mentioned the governance and stewardship as same concepts, while our results showed that policy-making, governance and leadership, and many other concepts, can be categorized as a part of stewardship.