فصلنامه تحقیقات حشره شناسی
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 26، تابستان 1394)

The common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt & Lauterer is known as the major pest of the pistachio trees, Pistacia vera in Iran. The coccinellid beetle, Coccinula elegantula(Weise) was reported as a predator for A.pistaciae in pistachio orchards. This study was carried out to determine the thermal constant and lower threshold for the C. elegantula under controlled condition (constant temperature ranged 17.5-35°C, 55±5% r.h. and 16:8 L:D). The mean for each temperature, lower threshold and constant temperature were all calculated from the pooled data of female development time from egg to adult exclusion. The theoretical lower threshold and thermal constant for development estimated. The lower threshold was estimated 11.7 ,14.3 and 14.4 °C for egg ,larva and pupa respectively. The lower threshold for complete development from egg to adult emergence was estimated 14.9 °C. The thermal constant for egg, larva and pupa was estimated 59 ,151.5 and 59.5 degree-days (°D) respectively. The degree-days (°D) required for a generation (egg to adult) was estimated 256.4. In present investigation, life table parameters of C. elegantula was studied in the controlled condition (25±5°C, 55± 5% r.h. and 16:8 L:D) feeding on A. pistaciae using QBASIC program. Based on the results, the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) and finite rate of increase was obtained 0.09 and 0.07 (female/female/day). Doubling time and mean generation time were 7.39, 43.9. Net reproductive rate and gross reproductive rates were 54.85, 39.36.

The Mediterranean fruit fly is a quarantine pest which was seen in Fars province, Iran in 2008. Pomegranate is one of the hosts of this pest in the late season, Two different methods, including trapping and bait spraying, were used in order to evaluate populalim suppression in shiraz in 2011 and 2012. Through trapping method, three attractants includeing Trimedlure, Biolure, Femilure, were investigated separately in a Tephri traps with three replications, in this way, the average number of infected fruits (with control) and also the number of trapped Mediterranean fruit flies (without control) were bait spraying method,Two types of hydrolyzed proteinin and smell bal were used the south side of the trees, In bouiting method, two types of hydrolyzed protein, Bioceboand Smelltol were sprayed mixed with 0.002 concewtratin of malathion on trunks and one meter width of south part of the tree crown Trimedlure and biolure had the same effect on number of infected fruits, but more effective than the control and Femilure. Howerer, the number offlies couptured was higher in Bcolure. In baiting method, no significant difference was observed among the treatments , howeres the place on the trees was significantly different .Number of infected fruits was less in one meter width spraying on the crown.

Mites of the superfamily Eriophyoidea feed on plants and some species are important agricultural pests. Faunestic study of Eriophyoidea in Khorramabad region were carried out during 2010-2011. The sampling was performed on orchards, fruit trees and non fruit trees, weeds, pastures, and other plants. In this study 13 species belong to seven genera and two families on 11 host plants were collected and identified. The collected specimens were identified based on the morphological characteristics such as legs, feather claw, prodorsal plate, coxisternum plate, body setae, dorsal and ventral opisthosomal annuli and microtubercles. The lists of identified mites are as fallows, the marked species with two and one asterisk are new records for Iran and Lorestan fauna, respectively.
Family: Eriophyidae
1. Eriophyes pyri (Pagenstecher) *
2. Aceria tristriatus (Nalepa)*
3. Aceria erineus (Nalepa) *
4. Aceria brachytarsus (Keifer)*
5. Aceria mackiei (Keifer) **
6. Aceria fraxinivora (Nalepa)*
7. Aculus solani Boczek and Davis *
8. Aculus fockeui (Nalepa & Trouessary)*
9. Aculops lycopersici (Massee)
10. Aculops tetanothrix (Nalepa)*
11. Tetra glycyrrhiza Denizhan**
12. Notallus nerii Keifer*
Family: Diptilomiopidae
13. Rhyncaphytopus ficifoliae Keifer*

Lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica F. is one the most important pests in Golestan province. One of the method to reduce the pest damage is using resistant cultivars. In this experiment the effect of eight cultivars and lines of wheat such as Kouhdasht, Zagros, Morvarid, Darya, Pastor, Line 17 and N-80-19, on number of live and dead adults and populatioin growth rate of lesser grain borer was studied. One hundred gram of wheat was placed in a crystal container and 10 adults were put on each container and kept under stored condition. Sampling was done every each 7 to 10 days intervals. Data were analyzied using SAS program in split-plot in time design. Analysis of variance showed that number of a live adults and population growth rate in wheat cultivars were significantly different (p

Preventing the potato tuber moth from egg laying, an important pest of stored tubers is a safe method to reduce its economic damage. In this research, the effects of essential oils and powders of three plant species Zattaria mmultiflora, Myrtus comminus and Heracleum persicum were investigated on egg laying of potato tuber moth in presence and absence of host plant. The result showed that essential oils and powders of three plants reduced significanly the rate of the pests oviposition. The essential oils of three plants had the higher oviposition deterrency than their powder. The plant species Z. multiflora had the most decreasein number of eggs than others. Over all, the results showed that the essential oils and powder of above three plants can be used management programs of potato tuber moth.

Web spotted spider mite is a major pest of greenhouse rose varieties and maximum control achieved also through acaricides application in Iran. In concern to increase acaricidal application choices, an investigation about two doses of new organic (BioMite, GC-Mite, Kingbo), inorganic (Floramite, Danizeraba, Biok) along with cleaning agent mixed with water, carried out against rose spider mite infestation during late spring and middle of summer seasons in Bijar region of Kurdistan province of Iran. Randomized block design with three replications selected and for each replicate, 10 leaves randomly collected from different bending and vertical roses shoots. Sampling intervals followed one day before and 1, 3, 7 and 15 days after treatments during spring and summer seasons respectively. Active mite stages on lower rose’s leaf side counted with help of stereo microscope. Collected data converted into mortality% through Henderson-tilt on formula. Analysis of variance done with help SAS method and Duncan method used for ranking treatments at different interval times. Maximum mite mortality% recorded 84.61%, 91.73% one day after treatments for both danisaraba doses and effects decreased after 7 days onward for both doses. Floramite effects up to 3 days after treatments observed with considerable mite mortality% while recorded weak effects for both biok doses through sampling period. Both GC-mite doses with 67.13% and 69.14% mite control observed during late spring which reduced sustainable effects up to 40% at 15 days interval time. Detergent water treatment with 67.21% and 56.57% mite controlled after one day during spring and summer season found more effective than other organic acaricides respectively. In total, treatments effect found more significant during spring than summer seasons. Application those treatments when mean of 2-3 mites observed in 30% of the collections, will increase acaricides effects and protect further mite resistance also.

Cowpea weeevli Callosobruchus maculatus Pic., is one of the most important storage pests of beans including mung bean. In this research, the possibility of using different frequency and priods microwave to control the insect was examined. In this experiment the three stageg of the pest exrosed to frequency of 2450MHz, 200W in periods of 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360 seconds. The results showed that frequency and the time needed to avoid hatching eggs, pupae phase control and inducing adult mortalitywas 200W and 360 secods. In all experiments the mortality rate increased with increas time. According to the results 92.2% mortality of pupae and 96.02% were occurred at 200W and 360s. Also, the results showed that eggs are the most sensitive compase to other stages such a way that 96.11% of mortality occurred at 300W, and duration of 240s, and 200 and 360s. There fore it is recommended 200W and 360s to control all stages of the pest.

This paper deals with some of the current issuers involving Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), a plant feeding invasive mite which is a destructive pest worldwide. Heavy infestations can cause serious damage to a large number of plant families especially in commercial glasshouses. Aspects of the biology will be considered including a brief reference to control measures.