نشریه عقل و دین
پیاپی 11 (پاییز و زمستان 1393)

This writing, first reviews the nature of extremism and its harms, then discusses about the methods of campaign against it. Extremism is tribal or racial or sectarian and gregarious or religious. Since extremism is spawned by arid prejudice and exiting from road of equality and rationality and religious law, in order to combat with all of kinds is recommended explanation of extremism harms and equality and moderation profits. There are worth subjects and useful recommendation about religious extremism and equality in islamic original References –Quran and tradition of innocents-, that this writing has enjoyed them enough.

The cognition of soul always has been the most important problems in Divine and also human thought. According to Quran and tradition the fact of man is his soul. Although the sufies by intuition and philosophers by innate ration could gain some important cognition about soul, but undoubtedly their teachings has been influenced by religious teachings. We can also know the soul by sciences such as parapsychology and physiology. The parapsychology studies human meta - natural actions and physiology and neurology study body and brain which output can be used in mind-body problem.

In this paper we have examined various theological and philosophical issues which are directly linked to causality, with the intention to enlighten on the wide spectrum and importance of this subject. It is clear that on one hand, causality is closely related to theological subjects such as, the Will of God, Human Will, and Miracles, and on the other hand, philosophical and mystical issues such as, Qa’edat ul-wahed, and Unity of Existence. Therefore, it is significant to show special attention to causality in order to understand its arduousness and the ambiguities which hover around it, and discover the answer to the many doubts and questions which are raised, by fully understanding this subject and its importance.

The main issue of this article is the harmony between reason and tradition about Identity & unity of Divine attributes in Mulla Sadra,s philosophical system .
At first, we review the speculative thoughts of Mutazilites & Ash,arites school and philosophical thoughts of Avicenna's peripatetic philosophy concerning the Divine Essence and Attributes .
Mulla Sadra,s theology contains the following few reasoning in which there are rational and traditional arguments for justification the above issu : 1. Rule of Oneness and Simplicity of God,s Essence .
2 . Absolutely perfecteness God,s Existence and Atributes .
In addition, this article demonstrates that multiplicity of Divine perfect Attributes and absolutely Oneness & Simplicity of Divine Essence are harmonous . Hence, the Holy Quran and traditions including Nahjolbalaghe have often confirmed the above – mentioned harmony, that, Mulla Sadra has shown in many of his thoughtful works.

Kierkegaard is the first person who turned to radical fideism and was convinced that true faith lies within the end of reason and tolerates no rational argument. Referring to the story of Abraham (peace be upon him) and the slaughter of his son, as told by the Torah, Kierkegaard describes his lord as a cavalier of faith, who only by risking, enthusiasm and confronting intelligence, he surrendered to God’s will. The reasons he brings for the paradoxical claims of faith are not enough for his purpose. What he develops about the knight of faith is further than the context of the Torah.
But Mulla Sadra; according to the Quran and the hadith; believes that the true faith indebted on the heart revelation and rational arguments. He says faith in occult matters such as the resurrection, although through rational argument not accessible, but it is possible through the cleansed and revelation heart.
So from his perspective, the fait is not inconsistent with the wisdom and rational arguments, but also the rational arguments enhance the strength of the faith.
This paper presents an evaluation of two approaches and illustrates the orientation stimulus of Kierkegaard on the extreme fideism. Also it points out the essential problems and consequences of Kierkegaard's view. In the end, we can see that Mulla Sadra's view makes a deep compatibility between reason and faith that will be accordance with the criteria of reason and religion.

The doctor Soroush"s theory of revelation dream, is one of the major Suspicions have been raised about the revelation. In this paper through analysis of the possible problems of this theory, have been explained nature of theory of the principles and components consider the author, and is examined later. Soroush's main base in theory of revelation dream, is Emphasizing the role of narrative Prophet and Denial of his audience in Revealed of revelation. He through emphasizing the human origin of the Quran considers its language of dreams and vision. Soroush finally believe to the necessity of passing the interpretation to expression acknowledging the hardship of existing interpretation. In the second part of the paper, the theory of revelation dream Have been studied of the Incompatible consequences.among this consequences that will return to the realm of the divine prophets, is prophet's false accusations and ignorance during his narrative of the sacred dreams. Another requirement is Doubt on the claim of prophet hood of the Prophet and finally ignoring the unity listener and speaker and Accusation Illusion of duality of the Holy Prophet. Another part of the conflicting parts will be returned to the Word of God. The s theory of revelation dream not only denies the Grammatical and content integrity of Quran but it would also require the maximum banality. In addition to the Quran, was consider as a mystical experience of prophet; it is possible that the Prophet narrative of his dream was mixed to ambiguity and inconsistency of shatah that It will be apparent contradiction impromptu.