پژوهش نامه انتقادی متون و برنامه های علوم انسانی
پیاپی 53 (فروردین 1397)

“The Islam of Sufis” is the title of a book authored by the Tunisian writer, Mohammad Tayeb, on the Tasawwuf and Irfan. It is here not only attempted to introduce and scrutinize the book but also to revise and criticize its contents. Therefore, characteristics such as general structure, outline, adjustment, publication, introductory aims and theoretical themes, discussions, conclusions, and cited references are addressed. Moreover, methodological approach of the author and his analytical logic or reasoning, along with drawbacks of the work, is discussed. Methodologically the hermeneutic approach of Sufism Islam, lack of paying attention to the geographic extension of Tasawwuf and the variety of Sufism movements, lack of genealogical and critical attitude to the origins of Sufism thoughts, and taking the Tasawwuf as a kind of Islamic religion (Sufism Islam) are the most notable criticized issues.

“The Islam of Sufis” is the title of a book authored by the Tunisian writer, Mohammad Tayeb, on the Tasawwuf and Irfan. Our purpose is not only to introduce and scrutinize the book but also to revise and criticize its contents. Therefore, characteristics such as general structure, outline, adjustment, publication, introductory aims and theoretical themes, discussions, conclusions, and cited references are addressed. Moreover, the author’s methodological approach and his analytical logic or reasoning, along with drawbacks of the work, are discussed. Methodologically, the hermeneutic approach of Sufism Islam, lack of paying attention to the geographic extension of Tasawwuf and the variety of Sufism movements, lack of genealogical and critical attitude to the origins of Sufism thoughts, and taking the Tasawwuf as a kind of Islamic religion (Sufism Islam) are the most notable criticized issues.

the educational, scholastic, and research standards. In recent years, several organizations and institutes such as the Center for Studying and Compiling University Books in Humanities (SAMT), the Research Center for Humanities and Cultural Studies, the Research Center of Seminary and University, the Payam Noor University, among others, are active in publishing such books. Under the auspices of such centers, many history books have been compiled by researchers and teachers of history, and some of these books have been assigned as textbooks for universities. What is lacking is a series of books reviewing such textbooks so that they may increase in richness. Reviews can serve as guides for future writers since they show the strengths as well as the shortcomings of university books. The present work is a review of a book recently published under the title of The Knowledge and Criticism of the History of Iran after Islam. The book has been assigned as a textbook for students of history. Results of the present review show that although the above-mentioned book is an appropriate textbook, it suffers from some shortcomings in terms of both form and content.

The present study aims at reviewing and criticizing the Book "Gender in Ethics Opinion Since the 3rd Century BH to the 4th Century SH", which encompasses a period of 7 centuries in two important periods of Iranian history, i.e. the ancient period and the early centuries of the Islamic period. The author intends to explain the opinions, views, legal and jurisprudential issues found in this time period on female gender in the literature of this period as specific ethical opinions and their effects. Thus, he discusses two important points in Iranian history, the turning point of which is the end of the ancient period and the arrival of Islam by providing a broad definition of ethical ideas. It is the findings of the present study regarding the criticism and review of this work, while being problem-centered and raising many questions as its advantage, that deal with some aspects of form and structure criticism, methodological, content, and literary criticism.

This essay by paying attention to relation between «history» and «historiography» concepts has the agenda of internal and external critic of the book "Persian historiography to the end of the twelfth century" which is authored by Julie Scott Meisami. Meisami studies and interprets historiographical insights of historians of the Samanid and Ghaznavid and Seljuks era from her point of view and subject which has been elaborated by her in process of evaluation of Persian historiography. But the point is that this researcher of history and literature arena how much could perceive the historiographical discourse of Iran middle age and her book comes up with what new horizon in historiography arena. Meisami's book has been criticized with positive and negative approaches together and from all aspects follows dynamic of history science. Thus, besides introducing briefing of book subjects and expressing the surveying position, criticize its subjects. The problem is that does Meisami have methodical approaches in drafting and surveying or no and if the answer is positive how much she was committed to methodological and epistemological basics.

The view of Imam Hossein's "Uprising for Establishing a Government" discussed in the book of Shahid Javid is one of the views expressed in the last few decades about the philosophy and purpose of his uprising. This view which was raised in contrast to the view of "worship of martyrdom" led to a wave of protests and discontent in religious and clerical circles and Shiite preachers and has received much criticism from writers and even some scholars in the field in the past few decades in Iran. However, the holder of this theory made extensive efforts to prove his theory and with a historical approach this paper seeks to interpret this theory and criticize it. The Ashura uprising is unlike other movements and revolutions whose leaders and actors are ordinary and infallible. The prominent feature of this unique uprising is summarized in its leader who was selected by God and possessed the position of Imamate, and due to his two dignities of knowledge and infallibility, he commits no error or slip. Thus, his behavior and manner cannot be compared with those of others, rather his behavior shall be a criterion for others.

The present article addresses the scientific content and structure of the book History and Philosophy of Mathematics, which is a compilation and academic book published by Payam Noor University Press. The Ministry of Science, Research and Technology contains two optional 3 unit courses on the history of mathematics and the philosophy of science in its approved curriculum and provides headings for them; however, no specific textbook was proposed in this curriculum for the two courses. In the present article, while making the necessary references, we indicated that this book is in fact a translation of the three other recourses and that its authors played no role in producing the content of the book, as one of the book chapters is exactly copied from Persian Wikipedia; moreover, even the translations contain mistakes and numerous scientific errors.

The author of this book, Dr. AliAkbar Velayati, has examined Iranian history from advent of Islam to Mongol Invasion in ten chapters. As it characterized from titles of chapters of the book, this work has referred to Iranian political history during aforementioned period and economic and social issues have been dispersedly discussed. The book author has shown his religious and value-driven interests even in decription of events and taken his own specific approach in discussing about reasons of events by enjoying of historic texts. The important point is that an ideological attitude governs heavily over all chapters of the book so that Shiite and related teachings have been turned into the major discourse of Iranian nation in all historic eras. Regarding critique and analysis of this study, it is tried to reveal how much the author has been abided by research principles of historic knowledge whether by method or by content.

There aren’t enough main references and contexts related to Aghkoyunlular era despite to political and cultural revolution importance of Iran in their sovereignty in second part of Ninth century AH and what evere had been recognized until now is not published critically. The works has been compiled in the Field of Historiography in this era, was continuation of simple writing , lately seventh century AH. Historians works of this era is synthetic and technical . The writers have exagerated a bout praise of Aghkoyunlular Turkmen and they have called them the best Islamic governors of the era The histories of this era are complementary of one another and its historiography is based on personal observations and documentaries of that era. There for, It’s so important so, the main question of the present study is: what are the strong and weak points of Aghkoyunlulars historians works? It is seen that the present study could determine principles, cosmology rules, strong and weak points of Historiography of this era. It is used of descriptive – analytical method based on desk research.

The author of this book, Dr. AliAkbar Velayati, has examined Iranian history from advent of Islam to Mongol Invasion in ten chapters. As it characterized from titles of chapters of the book, this work has referred to Iranian political history during aforementioned period and economic and social issues have been dispersedly discussed. The book author has shown his religious and value-driven interests even in decription of events and taken his own specific approach in discussing about reasons of events by enjoying of historic texts. The important point is that an ideological attitude governs heavily over all chapters of the book so that Shiite and related teachings have been turned into the major discourse of Iranian nation in all historic eras. Regarding critique and analysis of this study, it is tried to reveal how much the author has been abided by research principles of historic knowledge whether by method or by content.

The book, "Local History of Iran in the Islamic Period until the Seventh Century AH" (Qanavat, 2013, pp434), includes historical concepts that rely on the flow of text-writing in the field of history; the history of text-in-text. In other words, the end-mean is not a representation of historical events or events either, but rather the reconstruction of a specific historiography -local- in the process of the period from the third to the seventh AH. The evolution of local historiography from monographs such as fotoh and kharaj, to the biographies of tabaqat and rejal and their entry to the local history papers, including the transition process of the trend in this era are all under study. Therefore, the present book attempts to reveal a trend in the method and meaningful method of historiographical retrospective. Did the writers consciousness on the nature and kind of their writings? The approach in this book, with which the writer has fallen deep into the depths of the book, seeks to revise it, is in fact, a glimpse into the past of the locality, which flows the main question on local history through sources. The process of creation sources revealed a rich tradition in order to preserve the past time in the texts. Therefore, the process of reconstructing and reviewing texts in the form of finding main elements in the method and perspective has in fact been able to show the rich tradition of local historiography in Iran during the medieval period. This book illustrates the evolutionary trend of local historiography in Iran until the seventh century. The fundamental premise of this book is that time, geography (place) and political systems are triangles of transition in local historiography.

The ministry system is one of the consolidating pillars of every government. Any government with a strong bureaucratic system has a higher stability, and the Abbasid government had a bureaucratic-ministerial system, more evident in the Al-Buyeh and the Seljuks era. In order to explain the role of the Department of Justice, a lot has been written. One of them is the book "The Ministry System in the Abbasid Government (Al-Buyeh and Seljuk era)" written by Zahrani. The present study attempts to critically review the above book with an interpretative and problem-centered approach and the findings suggest that although Zahrani addresses the importance of the ministry system, he also narrates the same information in the style of the earlier ones and that he raises a general model for the research organization based on which he analyzes the whole book, leading to limitations in providing a better analysis, and ultimately he deals with the role of the minister himself as an individual than investigating him in the form of a system.

Humanities are a set of disciplines that help us to identify social and cultural dimensions of human. Instruction of these disciplines lead to understanding, evaluation and critic all of thing that human performed. In this study we have tried to reported current situation of humanities based on innovation and technological index (instruction axis, promote of knowledge, research to develop of technology, networking and social services). For reached to this aim we used description method and citation studies. To collect data, we used library studies and interview with experts. Also, with use of SWOT method we identify strength, weakness, opportunity and threats of humanities. At the end, based on results of SWOT, we suggested numerous strategies and solutions to promote humanities in Iran. These solutions are divided into 4 categories, including: Correcting weaknesses and intensifying strengths by utilizing of opportunities and removing the threats. !

This book deals with the analysis of developing economies in Asia, Africa, Latin America and Eastern and Central Europe which comprises about 85% of the world's population. The text is problematic and addresses the issues of developing countries in the form of a question in nineteen chapters and has responded to them. The content of the work covers most of the topics in economic development syllabus. Logical order and internal consistency exist in different sections and chapters of the book. This work is compared with the economic development by Todaro and its advantages are discussed. The report of the Commission on Growth and Development, Growth Diagnostics, Behavioral Development Economics, the method of analytic narratives and the method of controlled experiment are new issues of economic development that has not been discussed in this text. The method of evaluation is analytical-comparative method in which the content of the text is compared to a well-known text for neglecting new topics discussed in the new texts of economic development.