تاریخ نامه انقلاب
سال دوم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1397)

The methods of analyzing the history of the Islamic Revolution, especially by Western, Arab, counter-revolutionary and dissident writers, have been influenced by their mentality and their perception of the phenomenon of the Islamic Revolution as well as its developments and periods. Their reliance on their own subjective and perceptual understanding of the events for the historiography of the Islamic Revolution suggests that their stereotypes and mental frameworks, or their stigmas and their mental patterns, have undermined the data analysis and consequently disturbed their understanding of the realities and of objective changes of Iranian society and government after the Islamic Revolution. The pathological study of the analytical work of pessimist historians towards Islamic Revolution from epistemological and methodological angle reveals some deficiencies as follows: reductionism ( providing explanation to the reality in terms of smaller entities and through absolutist and dualistic “black and white” approach to political phenomena), the self-confirmation bias ( also called confirmatory bias or myside bias, in the sense of tendency to search for information in a way that confirms their own preexisting beliefs or mental assumptions rather than searching for historical realities), anachronism (in the sense of attributing the new analytical ideas to the historiography of the Islamic revolution beyond the actual time of the revolution), anatopism (in the sense of analyzing the Islamic Revolution out of its proper place, neglecting the historical and cultural particularities of Iranian society), contex to my (in the sense of quoting Islamic Revolution leaders out of context in order to depict false attribution through selective analysis of the text or of cut-off phrases by removing a passage from its surrounding phrases, in order to distort its intended meaning for critical specific purposes) and presentism (in the sense of historiography and interpretation of Islamic Revolution events in terms of modern values and concepts as well as evaluation of some periods of the Islamic revolution by critical adherence to present-day attitudes and today’s criteria of domestic and international society ). At the end of the article, the author explains and proposes a realistic analytical-synthetic approach for the historiography of the Islamic Revolution based on the interaction of the context, structure, process and agent and the horizontal-vertical synthesis.

After the victory of the Islamic Revolution in February 1979 and because it occurred in a crucial region, the Middle east, its regional and international reverberations were felt very soon. The military invasion of Iraqi regime into Iran was the direct action taken by the Arab states of the region to counter the possible effects of the Islamic Revolution. The formation of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council was, however, their indirect action taken against Iran. Among the Arab states, Saudi Arabia, a member of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council, has more rivalry with Iran due to its huge wealth. It has also spared no efforts to counter Iran in Syrian and Yemeni crises. The present paper investigates the impacts of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on the regional role of Saudi Arabia using the question of: "What is the impact of the Islamic Revolution on the regional role of Saudi Arabia?" The hypothesis is that with the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, Saudi Arabia has been trying to prevent the influence of the discourse and values of this Revolution by various political and military actions.

Revolution is a turning point in human history which occurs due to fast and fundamental changes. These changes occur in a short period of time within the existing structures of a society, especially its political structure. Studies to explain the 1979 Iranian revolution, as one of the important political events in the late twentieth century, have been conducted using multiple cultural, political, economic and social approaches. The present paper tries to investigate the national and extra-national factors affecting the occurrence of Islamic Revolution by using the political approach. Different aspects of this approach are then analyzed, as it is the case for other studies trying to explain the Islamic Revolution. Therefore, the main question of this paper is: "What are national and extra-national political factors affecting the occurrence of the Islamic Revolution in 1979?" The method used to conduct this research is descriptive and documentary. The findings indicate that factors such as the despotic political system structure (one person in power, lack of political freedom, repression) administrative-political corruption (ingratiation and informal relationships, financial and moral corruption) neutralization and incompetence of the Army, imbalanced socio-economic development, and Shah's dependence on the US had a significant role in shaping and accelerating the Islamic Revolution.

At the end of Reza Shah’s rule, the Iranian society witnessed a modern religious movement that together with the developments after the September 1941 events led to a new intellectual movement in the country. Out of this movement, a spectrum of religious intellectuals was formed who were influenced by European civilization and ideology of liberalism. Its members were following the prevailing world approach of opposition at the time - having a non-violent, cultural and social struggle. The despotic ruling of the time, during the 1940s and 50s, gave priorities to the group's social and cultural activities. The present paper has been conducted using a descriptive-analytical method, based on library studies and validation of archival documents. The main question of the research is: "What were the most important socio-cultural activities of the National-Religious Forces in the 40s and 50s, and what were their objectives for such activates?" The results of the present research indicate that the aforementioned spectrum turned to such activities because they believed the main issue of the Iranian society was not regime change, but reforms of cultural and social issues in line with the Constitution. To do so, they established community movements to promote ethical and national-religious values useful for education of a new generation.

Local history, as one of the areas of interdisciplinary studies in historical research, is of utmost importance. Due to its multi-dimensional nature, it can be useful in investigating the Islamic Revolution. The present paper studies the factors affecting the local historiography of the Islamic Revolution. At first, components such as local historians, historians of the Islamic Revolution, grounds for local historiography and centers involved in the historiography of the Revolution are expounded. Then, some examples are provided to explain each factor's various aspects. The research method used for conducting this paper is library. The paper is based on questions set based on the components of local history. The research is of significance as there has been no previous research in this area. The findings suggest that local historiography of Islamic Revolution is not consistent with the standards of local history. Researches conducted in the area have been influenced by the research centers' tastes, interests and different needs. The research also underlines the need for attention to the local historiography of the Islamic Revolution and observing the written standards based on the explained factors

The discourse of the Islamic Revolution is a religious, political and cultural one in which Islamic culture is manifested. Negation of exploitation, negation of domination, negation of humiliation of the nation by the political powers of the world, negation of political affiliation, negation of infiltration and interference of the dominant powers of the world in the country are the most important values ​​of the Islamic revolution. Therefore, to preserve the discourse and values of the Revolutions and hand it down to the next generations, more efforts are needed. Because the explanation of the Islamic Revolution's discourse and the transfer of its values, especially for young people, is essential, every opportunity should be used to disseminate the values ​​of the revolution.

Iran's foreign relations with other countries after the victory of the Islamic Republic in 1979 were shaped by its interim government that wanted to have the newly-formed government recognized and pursue the country's interests at international bodies based on the Revolution's ideology, values and principles. The principles of interim government's foreign policy were based on negotiations within international rules, competition instead of rejection, non-alignment, and prioritizing national interests over idealism arisen from the Revolution. The interim government, however, failed to tune its principles with those of the Revolution Council and the leader's views and fell from grace after the resignation of its prime minister, becoming a dissident group. n the years after 1982, Iran's foreign policy was shaped based on the Revolution's ideals like defending the dispossessed peoples, standing up to the polarized Imperialist system, exporting the Revolution's values, and creating a new world order based on justice and values in line with those of the Revolution. The present paper investigates the causes of disputes between the Freedom Movement and other main groups in power after the Revolution. The researcher has tried to explain the Freedom Movement's theoretical foundations and its practical approaches in foreign policy by using historical research method