نشریه علوم و فناوری بذر ایران
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 17، بهار 1399)

In order to investigate seed bio-priming effects on some germination index of Pimpinella anisum L. under drought stress, this research was done in genetic lab at Agriculture department of Yasouj University. The experiment was factorial with two factor based on CRD design in 4 replications and in each Petri dishe 30 seeds were planted. First factor was seed bio-priming with nine level (on bio-priming, 4 Bactria strain (P.fluorescent), fluorescent (CHA0), 1) P.F (, 2) P.F (, 16) B (and 52 (B)) and 4 strain of T.harzianum (T29, T32, T43, T36 and T39) and second factor include osmotic potential of drought stress in 3 levels (0, -3 and -6 bar). The evaluated traits in this study included germination percentage, germination rate, seedling length, dry weight, seedling vigour index (weight and length) and alometric coefficient. Results of test showed that increasing drought stress, decreased seed germination indexes, and bio-priming couldn’t improve these indexes than non-priming seeds, therefore in each of drought stress potential, T36 has the maximum germination percentage (83.88), germination rate (4.7), seedling length vigor index (10), seedling dry weight (8.07), and seedling weight vigor index (15.25) and not primed seeds have the lowest amount of this traits. According to the results, it can be stated that the application of bio-priming treatment can moderately reduce the adverse effects of drought stress in the germination stage of pimpinella anisum L.

This study was aimed to determine the effect of seed size of the first (main) ear and the second ear and drying methods on seed quality of maize hybrid Maxima. For this purpose, two different experiments, including seed production field and laboratory experiment were conducted in 2014 and 2015, in Karaj. Six rows of maternal line and two rows of paternal line were planted in seed producing field in Shahid Motahari research Station in Sugar Beet Seed research Institute. The second experiment was conducted in qualified seed testing laboratory in SPCRI. The treatments composed of two levels of seed size (7mm and 6mm), two ears position (the first (main) and the second) and two drying methods (air drying and artificial drying). Results showed that the interaction of ear position, seed size and drying methods was significant for GP, GMD, Allometric index, SL, RWW, HW and Alpha-amylase activity. Maximum and minimum of seedling length was 34.48 cm and 30.42 cm respectively and related to seed size of 7 mm of the main ear. Moreover, maximum of germination percentage was 100% that related to seed size of 7mm and 6mm of the first ear which dried by dryer, while minimum value was 83% that related to seed size of 6mm of air dried ears. According to the results of this experiment it seems that seeds of maize hybrid Maxima of 7 mm that were dried by dryer machine because of priority of germination traits are more suitable for cultivation.

In order to Investigation the Effect of Seed Biopriming with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on antioxidant enzymes activity of seedling and Germination Indices of Two Wheat Cultivar under Salt Stress Conditions, an experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment based in a completely randomized design with three replications in a laboratory of Islamic Azad University branch of Ilam, in 2017. Experimental factors included salt stress at four levels: zero (Control), 50, 100 and 200 mM sodium chloride, PGPR bacteria in two levels: non-inoculation with PGPR (control) and seed inoculation with PGPR and wheat cultivars include: Tajan and Ofogh. The genus and species of PGPR bacteria used in this study included Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum berasilense and Pseudomonas potida, which were obtained from the Iranian soil and water research institute. Experimental traits included Activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), dry weight of radicl, gomul and seedling, germination percentage, germination rate and seed vigor index. The main effect of experimental factors on all traits was highly significant (P≤0.01). The results showed that Ofogh was superior to Tajan cultivar for all germination indices, dry weight of radicl, gomul and seedling, Activity of antioxidant enzymes. With increasing salt stress, all of traits were decreasing. Priming seeds with PGPR bacteria increased the traits studied. In general, priming of wheat seeds with PGPR in comparison with control treatment (non-inoculation) by improving germination indices and Activity of antioxidant enzymes to some extent reduced the harmful effects of salinity stress.

In many studies, the properties of the drug and the impact of anise on the body's mechanisms of activity have been proven. . Salinity stress is a non-living stress that has adverse effects on seed germination. In order to study the effect of temperature on germination of anis under salinity stress, a factorial with six temperature levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30) in terms of temperature and seven levels of salinity (0, 2, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, 12-bar) of sodium chloride. The results of the experiment showed that germination percentage, germination rate, time to 50% germination and time to 90% germination were significantly affected by salinity, temperature and their interaction. Increasing salinity levels significantly reduced all studied traits. At a temperature below 10 ° C (5 ° C), germination percentage was significantly lower. Regarding the problem of salinity in regions where the temperature problem is high, based on the results, it was found that the seeds of the anise are susceptible to salinity and heat.

In order to investigate the effect of priming on the improvement of physiological indices of antioxidant enzymes in soybean seeds, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of Tehran University in 2017. The factors studied included two levels of deterioration (48 and 72 hours), three levels of salicylic acid (0, 300, 600 μM) and three times the salicylic acid application (before decay, post-fall, before and after deterioration). The traits measured included antioxidant enzymes (glutathione redactase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, membrane peroxidation or malondialdehyde). The results showed that deterioration level increasing, decrease the antioxidant enzymes activity and increase membrane peroxidation and soybean seed priming with salicylic acid hormone restore the decayed seeds and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The highest activity of ascorbate peroxidase activity was observed at 72 hours with the time of salicylic acid application before and after deterioration at a concentration of 300 μm and 6.98. Reduction of malondialdehyde leakage rate when combined with 300 μM concentration of salicylic acid Was observed at 1.45. The results also showed that the priming at the same time improves the chemical properties of the seeds in the deterioration.

In order to evaluation of value for cultivation and use of seven new spring rapeseed cultivars (Foruzan, Mahtab, Zaman, Moj, Dalgan, Z10B, SAN14) and seven commercial cultivars of Rapeseed (Sari Gol, RGS003, Hayola 420, Hayola 308, Hayola 401, Hayola 50, and Zafar) as a Reference collection were carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute-Karaj in 2015-2016. The measured agronomic traits were including, 1000-seed weight, number of silique per plant, number of seeds per silique, oil percent, Maturity date and grain yield were determined according to the UPOV instruction. The results show that, hybrid cultivars such as Hyola 50 and Hyola 401 have the highest yield. Considering the superiority of Mahtab, Zaman and Dalgan cultivars in terms of yield and having crop value compared to other cultivars, these varieties can be introduced as new cultivars for registration and commercialization. Keywords: Rapeseed, Reference collection, Spring varieties

In order to study the effect of seed size of hybrid maize (KSC704) at different sowing times on the indices related to percentage, rate, vigor and uniformity of seed emergence in the field, an experiment was conducted in two years 2012 and 2013 as a factorial design in Karaj. The female rows (B73 inbred line) were pollinated by male rows (Mo17 inbred line) in each plot. After different seed were determined, they cultivated in the field in the next year. Medium seeds in the first year and flat seeds in the second year had significantly the highest field emergence percentages nad round seeds had the lowest in both years. Flat seeds produced seedlings with the highest dry weight in both years. But in the aspect of emergence uniformity of seedling, medium seeds had a higher uniformity than the others. Despite the superiority of flat seeds in some indices, its superiority was not a definite issue, and in some of the important emergence indices, medium and even the round size had better field performance, depending on the environmental conditions of growth and development of the seeds on the ears of mother plant and at sowing time, and the compression of the seeds in different points of the ear, as well as desired purpose of cultivation. If vigorous seedlings are needed, the flat seeds, but if a higher emergence rate and uniformity is desired, the medium seeds and even round seeds can be better suited