مجله علوم سیاسی
پیاپی 30 (بهار 1394)

Modernization is one of the specialties in modern era. We live in modernity era. So modernity is the new era's soul. A century has passed from the lifeTime of modernization in Iran's society, and from "mashrouteh" (constitution) revolution up to now, it is growing and speeding up. In this period, Iran has been able to be affected by western developments and their scientific, technical, economical and polities achievements, and based on its capacities and abilities, has selected from that huge developments. Western developments, directly or indirectly emanates from post-renaissance thoughts and philosophy, which is mentioned as modernity. In the western civilization this element has been endogenous, thus the modernization development and then globalization have been modernity serious products that have developed all over the world. As the entrance of the modernity in Iran was late and inadequate, modernization in Iran has confronted to challenges as tradition, despotism, wrong understanding of the intellectuals thoughts, leaders and the society planners and … all have been obstacles in the path of modernization, especially in Pahlavi’s era, and the end of Ghajar's ruler ship. Noticing historical, analytical and descriptive methods, and using library and documentary resources, I will survey the two first points.

There are many ambiguities in historical texts about the role of England in arising of the constitutional movement of Iran (Mashroote). In this article the problem patterned in such question that “why the European powers intervened in Iranian social movement?” hypothesis of research argued that: “intervene of European powers in political area of other countries will explainable trough their “national interest” framework in international system” and their accompaniment with internal political players is dependent to that interests variable. Research method is analytical descriptive. The result of hypothesis examine is: Russians assistance with revolutionaries in Tanbakoo movement and England's assistance with revolutionaries in Mashroote movement are explainable in form of “natural alliance” concept and their national interest. In scientific and neutral judgment, these movements, their leaders and their participators was not arising them determination of former powers.

This research is in connection with a PhD dissertation in the field of Communication Sciences titled “Development and Regulation of Features of a Structural Media Model for the Period of Sanctions”. In order to conduct this research, ten professors in various fields of Economics, Communication and Journalism have been interviewed. Media executives and professors of economics and communications have been selected through snowball sampling. In this study, to analyze the data obtained from the interviews, the technique is used to analyze the R factor analysis. From these interviews, a questionnaire with 38 items is determined directly in the interviews mentioned. The weight of the model obtained from the questionnaires to 121 activists, media, newspapers and news agencies managing directors, editors and journalists have responded. Generally, the media obtained on six areas: participation and the National Trust, the new social movements, the media, and conducting public diplomacy, transparency and integrity of information, indirect dissemination of information, free access to information based on the weight of each sector and different value. The weight of the media and conducting public diplomacy and the lowest weight and indirect emissions related information.

This research makes two spreads necessary to be involved. Firs the criticism of what we call it The Myth of Inevitability and second, finding the relation between declared and undeclared the dissatisfactions on Modernization Processes and Development Phobia. What we have on the first speared is to criticize sociological approach on development and modernization. On this criticism the main sociological presupposition of which is the Structuralism based on the Myth of Inevitability is being challenged. In fact, this research will not consider development as an inevitable thing which is the result of the accumulation of series of structures, but consider it as a phenomenological object originating in the lived experience and intend act of General Agents. On the second spread one of the most important barriers against the development in traditional society specially in current Iran in two periods of Constitutional Revolution and Land Reforms is being assed. Development Phobia which is the achievement of undeclared dissatisfaction due to extension of the World Life of Modernity is the most crucial cause for the instability of socio political development processes. Perceiving such dissatisfaction relies on the semiological and linguistic analysis of the Ethical discourse of Iranian society. Hear, the Sexual Liberalism is the Central Indicator that interprets the other Floating Indicators such as life style, ideology and the other political structures derived from Modernization Processes. Such a relation in semiological and linguistic tissue of ethical discourse of Iranian society is the main cause of being panic by development and its contentious postpones from the era of constitutional revolution up to now. In the language of Discourse Analysis, understanding sporadic indicators of modernization in the Context of Iranian society is normally relied on a linguistic and semiological interpretation of being panic by the dissemination of Sexual Affair and the social applying of sexuality. Just for such reason, historical momentums of development in Iran which are the constitutional revolution and the land reform have normally been the matter of ethical concerns. Therefore, while the symbols of the dissemination of sexual liberalism are the interpreters of the other indicators of modernization, the emergence of development phobia cycles and the resistance against the totality of modernization sounds inevitable.

By using deceptive-analytical methodology, The present article aims to analyses the role of Fathali shah in supporting the arts as well as The political use of art in the first period of Qajar dynasty. As Fathali Shah Qajar knew about Persian history very well, he nicely could use Arts in the way of the policy of survival and dominance of its power. Unlike many of his predecessors, but alike the ancient Persian Kings he was familiar with one main aspect of Art, and that was the power of political propaganda of it. Hence by spending too much money and engaging some of the best artists of its time, he could use the art in the serve of rising his legitimacy and political and social domination, in both domestic and foreign policy. This issue caused one of the most glorious histories of Persian art. Unfortunately after his death, his tradition was not accepted by his Followers, and they rejected and criticized his art and politics. However, despite the popularity of the inability of politics and Country Management, Fathali remains as one of the main supporters of the Persian art.

This paper shapes around the discursive – narrative analysis of "Haji Washington" movie with regard to social capital theory. A paper presupposing that any social act involving a work of art is a sign that receive its meaning in a bigger discourse and have a function in promoting or debilitating (parts of) bigger discourse. Again understanding a work of art without it discursive role is incomplete. So "Haji Washington" movie must be seen as a discursive action; this approach helps us to explain this work of art by its discursive ground and role.

The political participation is not just limited to the election but it might be evaluate. The main point which have determine role in election result, is attitude of citizens that can be different based on their geographic regions, Main goal of this research is studying about linkage of economic poverty and attitude of election among students of university. The study method is practical way accordance of researching aim and also is descriptive - correlation based on gathering data information and using tools such as answering questioners which it’s context is confirmed by the political and social specialists in ilam university thorough the panel and monitored through evaluating Keronbakh alphabet (a=0/85). The considered populations of such research were the girls and boys from ilam university students who had been studying during 1389-90; 250 cases through Morgan chart and stratified random sampling method were selected since the unlimited geographic expanding and available rating people. Getting data& information was done through SPPS Microsoft and descriptiveinferential statistic method. The hypothesis testing of mentioned research is done based on Spearman order correlation and also regression step by step" depended variant" and for determining collective role "independent variant". The conclusion shown that all variants of economic poverty had positive &meaning linkage with election attitude and also result of regression step by step shown that 8 variants include escape from unemployment, creating job opportunity for people, decreasing unemployment rating, raising national income, privilege of people attendance on voting process, providing home for people, moderating rules of bank system , decreasing inflation rate could determine 99% of the election attitude variance of people.