Avicenna Journal of Dental Research
Volume:13 Issue: 3, Sep 2021

Radiological examinations expose the patient to the adverse effects of ionizing radiation, which is more severe among developing children. This can cause excessive and unreasonable fear and anxiety for parents and even disrupt the treatment process. This study aimed to evaluate the parents’ knowledge about dental radiographs for children referred to dentistry, and to assess the relevant factors.

The present study is a cross-sectional analytical study examining parents of children referred to dental clinics from October 2019 to April 2020. The required information included demographic information, and nine statements for assessing parents’ level of knowledge. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent t-test, and linear regression were used to analyze the data. Ward’s cluster analysis method with a squared Euclidean distance was adopted to include the background and demographic variables.

A total of 108 parents of children referred to Ilam dental clinics – including 69 females (68.3%) and 32 males (31.7%) in the 24-51 age range, participated in this study. Among the studied variables, the level of educational attainment of the parents had a highly significant influence (P<0.01) on their knowledge of pediatric radiography. Furthermore, parents holding bachelor’s degrees or higher with an average score of 5.35 had more heightened awareness of radiography than those in other educational groups.

Examining the parental radiographic knowledge revealed significant differences among three groups of parents with educational attainment in favor of those with higher educational achievement. In general, three biographical variables, namely age, gender, and household size were found to be less influential. Therefore, the dentists should learn about the educational attainment of the parents and provide them with the required information on treatment accordingly. Due to the relatively poor knowledge of the parents about children’s dental radiographs, it is recommended that plans be developed for raising the parental awareness of the issue in order for reducing their unreasonable fears which may create a burden for dental treatment procedures.

The application of laser in dentistry for medical purposes such as caries removal, preparation of restorative cavities, and dental surface treatment for more effective bonding of restorative materials to the tooth has been significant. The present experimental study aimed to evaluate the effect of cavity preparation on microleakage by using erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) lasers, and to compare it with the effect of bur on microleakage in class V composite restorations.

In this experimental study, 20 intact human premolar teeth were randomly divided into 2 equal groups according to the cavity preparation technique: G1: laser cavity preparation (LCP) using a Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Bio Lase, USA), and G2: bur cavity preparation (BCP). Standard class V cavity was prepared on both lingual and buccal surfaces in two groups. The samples underwent thermocycling for 3000 times (5-55ºC) and were immersed in a methylene blue 2% solution for 24 hours. After buccolingual sectioning from the middle of the restoration, a stereomicroscope with 20 x magnification was used to measure the penetration rate of the dye and to determine the score for microleakage. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16) software and Mann-Whitney U test (α=5%).

According to the study results, the minimum and maximum microleakage values were observed in the occlusal and gingival margins, respectively, which were identically for both groups. Comparing two groups (BCP and LCP) revealed that there was no significant difference between them in terms of microleakage values at the occlusal and gingival margins (P>0.05).

It was concluded that cavity preparation using Er,cr:YSGG laser had microleakage values similar to those found with conventional cavity preparation (bur) method in class V composite restorations

The best and the most reliable methods to manage the dental plaque are still mechanical procedures. It has been traditionally recommended that a firm fruit such as an apple be eaten to minimize caries and control plaque at the end of a meal. However, several studies have reported contradictory findings about the microbial plaque function of the apples. Some studies, for instance, have found that apples contain sugar and, therefore, can cause plaque growth; some other researches, on the other hand, have shown that they have the potential to decrease plaque due to their mechanical plaque removal function. This study, therefore, aimed to compare the effects of apple-chewing method and that of tooth-brushing one on plaque removal.

The study group included 48 healthy dental students with good oral health status, who were randomly selected to participate in this comparative, crossover clinical study. First, they were asked to brush their teeth or eat an apple. After 2 weeks, the experiment was repeated with the order reversed. Plaque indexes (PIs) were determined as before brushing/apple eating (baseline, B), immediately afterward (A), and 24 hours afterward (24).

Over time, there was a significant shift in the plaque index pattern between the groups (P value<0.001) but this discrepancy, in general, was not significant between the group using apple and the one using toothbrush (P value =0.495), as well as between the group using yellow apples, and the ones using red apples or the toothbrushes (P value =0.768).

Comparing the two plaque control methods, it was found they were extremely similar; however, chewing yellow apples was discovered to be more effective method in reducing dental plaque than chewing red apples or using toothbrushes

Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients can affect the success of many dental treatments. Thus, many dental procedures are contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) due to the consequent delay in wound healing. This study aimed to assess the effect of a long-term control of blood sugar on tissue healing after implant placement.

This cohort study evaluated 20 patients aged 50-60, referring to the School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences for implant placement. All patients underwent blood sugar test and were divided into two groups of diabetic and non-diabetic patients regarding their HbA1c level. Bone loss, bleeding on probing (BOP), and pocket probing depth (PPD) of patients were measured 1 and 6 months after the implant placement. Data were analyzed using independent t test and chi-square test.

Blood sugar control had no significant effect on bone loss, BOP and PPD one and six month(s) after implant placement (P > 0.05). Although PPD significantly increased in both groups over time (P = 0.016 in the healthy group and P = 0.007 in the diabetic group), the difference between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05).

According to the results from this study, blood sugar control examined in the age range of our study had no significant effect on tissue healing one and six month(s) after the implant placement. However, further studies are required to explore this subject more thoroughly.

Luting cement provides the connection between crowns and tooth structure. The sensitivity, solubility, and decomposition stages of the cement after the hardening stage are still subjects of relative controversy. These characteristics could lead to a poor connection between the braces and the teeth, increased probability of decay, and decalcification. The present study aimed to evaluate the adsorption and solubility of 4 types of glass ionomer cement.

Four luting cements were examined. A total of 10 specimens were prepared for each material following the manufacturer’s instructions, and the sorption and solubility were measured in accordance with the ISO 4049’s. Specimens were immersed in artificial saliva for 30 days, and were evaluated for sorption and solubility by first weighting them before incubation (W1), then immersing them in artificial saliva, dehydrating them in an oven for 24 hours, and weighing them again (W2 and W3, respectively). The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey post hoc test was used to examine the differences among groups (α = 0.05).

As for the both sorption and solubility, there was a significant interaction between the sorption and solubility of all materials (P < 0.001). The sorption values in artificial saliva were highest for glass ionomer cement Riva Luting followed by GC Fuji 1 and Cavex, whereas the least value was observed for Meron (P < 0.000). As for solubility, it was significantly higher in Cavex followed by GC Fuji1 and Meron, but it was significantly lower in Riva Luting.

It was determined that the weight changes of glass ionomer cements significantly varied among all the materials. Riva Luting followed by GC Fuji 1 had the highest water sorption, and the solubility was significantly higher in Cavex followed by GC Fuji1. Meron improved both water sorption and solubility properties among all glass ionomer cements

Changes in oral health like tooth loss can have a profound effect on the patients’ quality of life. The condition of relative or complete toothlessness exerts negative effects on chewing, speech, and appearance of the individual. The high capability of dental implants in restoring the beauty and oral function of the patients has led to their widespread usage. This study aimed to compare the quality of life of the toothless patients before and after treatment with implant.

In the present study, 50 patients afflicted with complete or relative toothlessness were examined. Before completing the questionnaires, all participants were asked to complete and sign the consent form of the questionnaire from Oral Impacts on Daily Performance) OIDP). The questionnaires were completed before receiving the implant coating, and a month after the delivery of the patients’ prosthesis. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney, and McNemar.

In this study, 50 patients with the mean age of 46.84±11.87 years were investigated. As for the gender and marital status of the participants, 50% (25 patients) were male and 84% (42 ones) were married. According to the data obtained from the OIDP questionnaire, the most significant changes were detected in eating, smiling, laughing and showing teeth without discomfort and speaking clearly, respectively. Moreover, a significant difference was found between the total score of oral effect on daily activities and some levels included in disruption questionnaire on daily activities such as eating, speaking clearly, going out, sleeping, relaxation, smiling, enjoying communication with others, job- related activities, as well as emotional conditions (Irritability); however, no significant difference was found between cases of cleaning teeth and light physical activity.

According to the data from OIDP questionnaire and the study results, implant had favorable effects on the quality of life of the patients. However, long-term studies and follow-ups are necessary to determine other possible favorable effects of implant treatment.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic autoimmune disease that involves multi organs. Genetic, endocrine, immunological, and environmental factors influence the loss of immunological tolerance against self-antigens leading to the formation of pathogenic autoantibodies that cause tissue damage through multiple mechanisms. The gingival overgrowth can be caused by three factors: noninflammatory, hyperplastic reaction to the medication; chronic inflammatory hyperplasia; or a combined enlargement due to chronic inflammation and drug-induced hyperplasia. Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth is associated with the use of three major classes of drugs, namely anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressants. Due to recent indications for these drugs, their use continues to grow