نشریه مطالعاتی در مدیریت بانکی و بانکداری اسلامی
پیاپی 21 (زمستان 1401)

Considering the highly competitive environment of companies, if a company cannot secure its necessary financial resources when needed, it may face challenges to continue its activities. In general, companies are concerned about their financing conditions from two aspects. Firstly, they are required to provide their financial resources sufficiently and at a low cost when necessary. Secondly, they need to pay off their debts. One of the factors that may affect the financing conditions of companies is political connections, which has received inadequate attention in the research literature. Having political connections is an important source of value for companies. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate political connections and whether or not and how this may impact on access to bank debts. For this purpose, 173 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2016 to 2021 were investigated as the available statistical population. The findings showed that political connections have a positive effect on access to bank debts.

In recent years, the operation of the country's banks, affected by internal factors and changes in macroeconomic factors, became unstable and irresistible. This led to the inability to establish stability and the emergence of inefficiency of the economic environment in the functioning of the banking network. Following this, bank executives aimed to identify the factors which affected the resilience of banks and tried to eliminate their vulnerabilities in order to provide the maximum possible benefits, as well as solutions for reforming, strengthening, clarifying, and making the banking system a healthy entity. In the same vein, the components affecting the financial stability and strengthening of the banking system were identified in this study through a mixed methods approach. The results showed that the factors affecting the stability and strengthening of the banking system are classified into two general groups: 1. Environmental and external factors, including macroeconomic conditions, the central bank, the government and higher-order authorities, together with socio-cultural infrastructure; 2. Internal and specific banking factors, including financial health and strengthening of income sources, administrative health and corruption control, excellence of organizational resources and making them intelligent, and innovative management of services and products. The findings revealed that financial health and strengthening of income sources (0.2304), macroeconomic conditions and its stability (0.2150), and the central bank, government, and higher-order authorities (0.1558) are more important in the stability and strengthening of the banking system, which requires executives and planners of the banking system to take them into serious consideration.

The global financial crisis of 2008 and the sharp reduction in interest rates have affected the profitability of foreign banks. This situation has created a new set of concerns for policy makers, but there is no empirical evidence that shows the effect of profitability on economic growth. On the other hand, central banks, regulatory authorities, and macroeconomic policies are interested in evaluating and monitoring the stability of the banking sector, as well as the role of inter-banking competition to resist economic shocks. Given that the banking sector plays an important role in the financial system of any country, the aim of this research is to investigate the effect of profitability and stability of the banking sector of our country, considering the role of competition on economic growth. To this aim, 15 banks in Tehran's capital market were selected through screening. The data was collected from a 10-year period between 2012 and 2021. The results based on OLS and GMM methods show that bank profitability has no significant effect on economic growth, while bank stability has a significant effect on economic growth. Moreover, the results reveal that the profitability of banks through competition does not have a significant effect on economic growth.

One of the factors cause to decrease liquidity, economical crisis and inflation is banking debit memos. As Iranian economy is bank-oriented, so constantly macro memos may lead to economical downturn. Recently a list of banking debit memos published, so it is concurrent to detect the effective factors on collecting non-current debts in order to make better economy. The present study is applied, descriptive-survey and adaptive analytic one. The population included 16 banking managers and experts (quality aspect) and 169 kegal managers and community of banking debts. The quality findings shown that there are three main organizational factors(intra-organizational and external-organizationl sub factors), predictive factors (physical and non-physical sub-factors) and social one(positive and negative). The quantitative findings expressed that intra-organizationa, external-organizationa, physical, non-physical and positive social factors cause to positive effects and negative social factors consist of negative effects on collecting non-current large debts depends on declaration banking debit memos

This study, using spatial econometrics, investigated the effect of bank efficiency and monetary indiscipline on the economic convergence of provinces in the period of 1389 to 1398. The estimation results of the models revealed that the ratio of facilities to bank deposits, as an indicator of banking efficiency and monetary indiscipline, has a negative and significant effect on economic convergence in the provinces investigated. Therefore, the banking system was not able to play an influential role in economic convergence. The absolute speed of convergence was shown to be 0.048; in the conditional models, with the values of 0.269 and 0.254, the speed of convergence of the provinces was higher. However, with the introduction of banking variables, the speed of convergence decreased. In other words, on a yearly basis, 4.8% in the absolute convergence mode and 26.9% and 25.4% in the conditional convergence mode, the economic gap of the provinces is fixed to a stable state. Moreover, real capital stock and taxes have a positive and significant effect, whereas human capital and misery index have a negative and significant effect on economic convergence. Examining the effects of spillovers in 1398 indicated that the spillover effect of banking efficiency on neighboring provinces was positive. Also, with the increase in the distance between the provinces, the spillover effect decreased. In fact, the effects of spillover on neighboring provinces are more than those that are further away.

Considering the highly competitive environment of companies, if a company cannot secure its necessary financial resources when needed, it may face challenges to continue its activities. In general, companies are concerned about their financing conditions from two aspects. Firstly, they are required to provide their financial resources sufficiently and at a low cost when necessary. Secondly, they need to pay off their debts. One of the factors that may affect the financing conditions of companies is political connections, which has received inadequate attention in the research literature. Having political connections is an important source of value for companies. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate political connections and whether or not and how this may impact on access to bank debts. For this purpose, 173 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2016 to 2021 were investigated as the available statistical population. The findings showed that political connections have a positive effect on access to bank debts.