Eurasian Chemical Communications
Volume:5 Issue: 10, Oct 2023

One of the classifications of peripheral neuropathy causes is due to the use of chemotherapeutic agents called chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) conditions. Administration of platinum groups resulted in changes in the expression and function of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) as well as altered neuronal excitation and propagation of nociceptive sensory signals. Moringa oleifera and Caesalpinia sappan L. are reported for their neuroprotective effect. In this study, we conducted a molecular docking study for 63 secondary metabolites of Moringa oleifera and 27 secondary metabolites of Caesalpinia sappan L. using an in silico approach targeting TRPV1 (PDB ID: 5IS0) using AutoDockVina software. ADMET characteristics were predicted using the SwissADME and pkCSM Online Tool. This study found that the binding energy of the six metabolites of Moringa oleifera (quercetin, ellagic acid, lutein, luteolin, rhamnetin, and 3-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl sitosterol) and three metabolites of Caesalpinia sappan L. (ombuin, phanginin I, and phanginin J) lower than native ligand through TRPV1 protein. This compounds are potential to be developed as a candidate for antagonist TRPV1. Furthermore, this study became basic data for developing TRPV1 antagonist-targeted therapy, especially in CIPN conditions.

Mimusops laurifolia (The Tree of Life, as it was known by the ancient Egyptians) belongs to the Mimusops genus, which has been used in folk medicine for a very long time. Recently, it has been concluded that a crude extract containing the saponins from the leaves of M. laurifolia has promising antifungal activity against Candida albicans. This fungus is a widely known opportunistic pathogen linked to systemic and chronic infections. As a result, the current study aims to investigate the  anti-virulence potential of these saponins extract against C. albicans at the molecular level in an attempt to better understand how these saponins might function as an antifungal agent against C. albicans. Real-time PCR was used to quantify the relative gene expression levels of critical virulence factors in C. albicans cells treated with saponins versus untreated cells. The potential of these saponins as antifungal agents is likely to be attributed to their gene-regulatory activity, as the expression of some key genes in C. albicans (involved in invasion, survival, and adhesion, such as SAP3, SAP5, and ALS3) was strongly downregulated in saponin-exposed Candida cells. Generally, these data show that M. laurifolia-derived saponins may be efficient inhibitors and virulence modulators of C. albicans. Thus, the current study broadens our knowledge about saponin's potential antifungal properties. Moreover, our discovery of a strong suppressor that acts specifically on virulence-related genes paves the way to develop an oriented class of antifungal drugs.

From Streptomyces species isolated from agricultural soil, an extracellular L-glutamate oxidase was recovered. The Streptomyces bacterial isolates were grown in a selective medium that had L-glutamate as a substrate. The filtrate, which is representative of the crude enzyme, was subsequently obtained by extracting the extracellular enzyme using a cooling centrifugation procedure. L-glutamate oxidase purification operations were then performed, starting with fractionation with 40% ammonium salts and continuing with ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration with a final 8.25 units/mg and 61.8% yield. Both positive and negative bacteria were sensitive to the pure L-glutamate oxidase's effects. Purified L-glutamate oxidase outperformed the other examined bacterial isolates in terms of activity, with MIC values of 32 µg/ml for Klebsiella pneumonia and 64 µg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Thus, pure L-glutamate oxidase may be viewed as a promising possibility in the rational design of new antibiotics.

The basic elements in biosensors are the recognition element, reporting element, and measuring device. The typical structure for the biosensing process to occur is the one where the recognition element is first in the process, followed by the reporting element, and finally the measuring device. This simple structure, however, can be arranged in many ways, therefore creating different biosensors e.g., ELISA, lateral flow, or electrochemical. This work is a review from 2009 to 2023 of the literature focusing on describing the biosensor elements and their arrangements as well as describing their functions for several known biosensors. There is also a description of how the different arrangements affect the biosensor performance. The analysis is done independently of the different analytes, biosensor materials, or their fabrication. One objective is to inspire new biosensors by looking at structural changes in contrast with focusing on improving a synthesis, changing a concentration, or changing a material substrate. This work also aims at providing a synthetic framework to contribute to the understanding of a large amount of literature available in this field.

Mung bean is one of the most essential legumes in Burkina Faso due to its short maturation cycle (45 to 55 days) and its nutritional content. This work aims to contribute to a better knowledge of the bioactive compounds of the seeds of Beng Tigré, a mung bean cultivar originating from India and acclimatized in Burkina Faso. To do this, the contents of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and carotenoids were determined by colorimetric methods. The mineral elements were assayed by atomic absorption spectrometry after the seeds mineralization. The antiradical potential was evaluated by monitoring the disappearance of the stable radical DPPH• by UV-Visible absorption spectrophotometry at 517 nm and compared to standards. Major flavonoids were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and carotenoids were 4. 356±0.162 mg GAE/g, 3. 151±0.262 mg QE/g, and 0.302±0.012 mg BCE/g, respectively. Potassium, magnesium, and calcium were, respectively, the most abundant mineral elements in the seeds: K > Mg > Ca > Fe > Zn > Na > Mn > Cu. An antiradical activity of the Beng Tigré extract was observed with an IC50 of 209. 97±13. 55 µg of AO/g DPPH•. This activity is less effective than Gallic acid, ascorbic acid, and trolox. Finally, the HPLC-MS/MS analysis identified four compounds: naringenin 8-C-glucoside, luteolin 8-C-glucoside, apigenin 6-C-glucoside, and luteolin 7-O -rutinoside. Due to their high biological potential, these so-called bioactive compounds are the subject of growing research interest.

The fundamental topology of the structure of chemical compounds can be better understood by the method of topological indices /numerical descriptors. Topological index depicts the chemical characteristic of a molecule in numerical form. Topological indices are used for modelling of physicochemical, biological, and pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds. It plays vital role in the QSAR/QSPR studies. Descriptor’s ability to extract information typically depends on the type of molecular representation used and the specified algorithm. These numerical values help the researchers in choosing the right compound for the drug design. Chitin and chitosan derivatives act as excellent suppressor of anti-tumour and anticancer activities in living beings. The increasing morbidity and mortality rate worldwide is correlated with two most important diseases viz., obesity and diabetes. To improve health condition and prevention of chronic diseases such as asthma, arthritis, hepatitis, gastritis, atherosclerosis etc, chitin, chitosan and their derivatives play as immune-enhancing anti-inflammatory potential. As chitin and chitosan have remarkable applications discussed above, this work pinpoints on computing a polynomial from which topological indices can be extracted for specific values of the parameters. In this work, the focus is on a type of polynomial known as M-polynomial from which various 11 degree-based TIs are derived for molecular graph of chitosan derivatives such as α, β and γ -chitins.

This study used computational methods (Molecular docking and MD simulations) to investigate the antiviral potency of natural compounds of propolis against the COVID-19 3-chemotrypsin-like protease 3CLpro, the so-called main protease (Mpro). Docking results identified six natural compounds with the lowest binding energies to the COVID-19 Mpro, including 6 Cinnamylchrysin, (+)-Pinoresinol, Culifolin, 5,4'-Dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-2-prenyl-E-stilbene, Teferin, and 2-Acetoxy-6-p-hydroxybenzoyl jaeschkeanadiol. Further investigations were conducted on the pharmacokinetic features of these natural inhibitors. According to MD simulations results, the fluctuations of Rg diagram caused by intermittent loosing-compression in the structure of enzyme, the highest fluctuations occurred in systems comprising (+)-Pinoresinol, 6 Cinnamylchrysin, correspondingly. The SASA diagram also diminished within the simulation period in all frameworks, which may be due to compression in protein structure, which avoid water from diffusing into the inside parts of the protein. These findings agree the Rg results, and confirm that protein experiences basic compactness in an aqueous medium. (+)-Pinoresinol and 6 Cinnamylchrysin possess good pharmacokinetics, low toxicity, do not show any drug interactions with other medications, and can pass blood brain barrier. Actually, crossing the cell membrane is vital since this allows the natural products to go into the cells to and get access to the viral protease. Based on these results, it can be mentioned that such notable oscillations in enzyme may bring about instability in its structure and can ruin its enzymatic function. The study suggests that (+)-Pinoresinol and 6 Cinnamylchrysin acids may be a promising candidate for COVID-19 Mpro inhibition pending further studies to confirm their efficiency.