فصلنامه پژوهش های مهدوی
پیاپی 45 (تابستان 1402)

In the collection of Imamiyyah traditions, numerous traditions refer to the issue of why the absence of Imam Zaman (a.s.). Some of these hadiths refer to the issue of divine testing. By examining the writings of theologians and hadith scholars of Imamia, we will find that their encounter with these traditions was not the same; Some, like Nomani, openly spoke about the cause of the exam, some, like Sheikh Tusi, rejected the cause of the exam and considered the exam to be the effect and benefit of occultation, some, like the late Kalini and Sadouq, did not say anything explicitly and did not quote these hadiths. In this article, after examining the words related to the title of test and exam, we quoted seven more important narrations and examined the evidence and meaning of each of them. In the end, it became clear that some narrations emphasize the causality of "testing and testing" and some others express the effects of occultation and the characteristics of occultation. No, why the absence? In any case, based on this research, one of the causes of absenteeism can be listed as "testing and testing", which can be explained in a rational analysis along with other causes of absenteeism

In the history of Islamic Iran, intellectuals have appeared and left valuable works in the field of Mahdism. One of these fiery figures was Grand Ayatollah Safi Golpayegani who, in addition to reaching the heights of jurisprudence, conducted extensive and specialized research in the field of Mahdism and the importance of believing in it, the results of which were reflected in books, articles and speeches With the aim of getting to know the importance and necessity of believing in Mahdavi in the thought of Ayatollah Safi, this research seeks to answer the question of what place this belief had in her Mahdavi thoughts and ideas. In this research, by referring to the scientific works of Ayatollah Safi Golpayegani and with an analytical approach, we have tried to discuss the type and quality of her thinking about the importance and necessity of Mahdism The present article has had several achievements, among the most important of which we can mention the recognition of the important effects of believing in Mahdism in the individual and social life of human beings.

At the same time with rising of Mahdists currents at Timurids era in Iran, the similar movements started in the late of ninth century A.H. The goals of their leaders which closer to sunnis, was making social current around axis of their own Mahdism claims. The Mahdaviat current formed based on Sayyid Muḥammad D̲j̲awnpūrī, Mahdivism claim and despite the emphasis by him about peaceful encounter with the oppositions, some of his successors went to terror them and war with Mughals kindom and some of the other local governments of India.This research with using of library data would try to study effective factors and solutions on proccess of formation and continuity of this Mahdists current due to lack of analytical researches about the Mahdaviat, after reviewing its history.Study of the mentioned factors shows that the Mahdaviat leaders usually were advertising their own personal impressions from Sufism (Chishti Tariqa/Way) instead of principles of this Tariqa. Also probably for the first time in India history,leaders of the Mahdaviat current efforting to advance their goals,formed armed groups and phisycal removal and war with the opponents. At the same time,the leaders tried to force them to accepting distorted version of Sharia (religion) with serious prohibition from learning science. these factors and solutions totally helped to formation and continuity of the Mahdaviat current.

The realization of the Mahdavi utopia for humans is one of the goals that Islam has sought to achieve. From the point of view of Islam, originality is with cultural progress, and reaching the ideal city of Mahdavi is the goal of human evolution in the path of cultural progress. Based on this, the Qur'anic society has paid special attention to the foundation of the family as the center of attention for rulings, rights, manners and ethics, and has strengthened its position with numerous teachings. In order for the family to be able to move in the direction of creating the utopia of Mahdavi city, it must know the requirements of the new era and take very deliberate and purposeful steps. This article has taken a special look at the issue of family with analytical and descriptive method and has examined the cultural components of the family for the realization of Mahdavi's utopia. According to the desired findings which are mentioned in the article, paying attention to the requirements such as creating easy marriage conditions, good company as recommended by the Holy Qur'an to have an ideal life, being responsible and paying attention to affairs and... moving towards the realization of this It provides a life-saving idea.

The currents leading and directing disbelief play a significant role in the evolution of societies and systems of every society. Since these currents play a major role in matters such as directing public opinion and general culture of the society; Therefore, it is necessary to identify these currents well so that people can determine their path with sufficient knowledge and take steps towards the realization of Mahdism. The current research aims to explain the "method of strengthening the flow of disbelief" from the perspective of the Qur'an with a descriptive-analytical method and using library tools. By studying the verses of the Quran, the methods of disbelief are divided into two categories: insightful and practical. Among the insightful methods of "humiliation", "irreligiousness", "inducing the separation of religion from politics", "creating doubt in religious beliefs" and practical methods of "celebrities, the height of fame", "corruption", "defamation" to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)", "worldliness" and "gender depersonalization".

Belief in Imamate and Mahdaviat is one of the fundamental beliefs of Shia. This doctrine can direct the lifestyle of Shias and have a practical effect on human life, because each school, according to its religious foundations, pursues a specific goal of human education. It plays an important role in the educational aspects of human life. Today, there are various spiritual-psychological issues in the Shiite society. Therefore, among all the social, cultural, economic, political, etc. works, it is necessary to examine the mental and psychological effect of believing in Mahdaviat in the modification of individual behaviors, as one of the most important practical works of this doctrine. The present article aims to prove the effectiveness of Mahdaviat in reforming individual behaviors in a descriptive and analytical way. Therefore, giving hope to believers, creating a spirit of endurance and patience, self-improvement, meaningfulness of life, giving identity and self-belief are the most practical effects of this doctrine and reform. Individual behaviors.