نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و هشتم شماره 6 (پیاپی 161، بهمن و اسفند 1402)

Considering the lack of scientific documents published on humans regarding the effect of Stachys lavandulifolia hydroalcoholic extract on abortion in traditional Iranian medicine, the aim of the present study was to determine and investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of mountain tea in combination with misoprostol compared to misoprostol alone in terminating pregnancies less than 12 weeks.

The present randomized clinical trial study was conducted at Imam Sajjad Hospital of Yasuj in 2019-2020 on 40 referring patients divided into two groups. Participants were assigned to two groups of mountain tea extract in combination with misoprostol (group A) or misoprostol alone (group B). In group A, mountain tea in the form of capsules (400 mg every three hours, up to three times, daily) along with 400 micrograms of misoprostol (every three hours, up to three doses, daily) were prescribed. In group B, misoprostol 800 micrograms were taken orally every three hours, up to three doses daily. In case of no abortion, the above dose was repeated on the second day. The intended outcomes included pain intensity, bleeding intensity, patient satisfaction, type of abortion, assessment of side effects (such as vital signs, clinical symptoms, blood parameters, analysis of kidney and liver function indicators). The collected data are analyzed using chi-square and t-test.

There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of complete abortion (p=0.52) and incomplete abortion (p=52). The duration of intervention in group A (6.10±1.11) was significantly shorter than group B (8.40±0.59) (p>0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of pain intensity (p=0.52) and bleeding intensity (p=0.14) at 4-8 hours and 8-12 hours after the intervention. Also, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of blood parameters, kidney and liver analysis (p<0.05). In terms of side effects, a statistically significant increase in fever (p=0.008), diarrhea (p<0.001) and nausea (p>0.001) was observed in group B compared to group A. Also, the results of the present study showed that patient satisfaction in group A (6±0) was significantly better than group B (4.60±1.14) (p<0.001).

The findings of this study indicated that S. lavandulifolia hydroalcoholic extract in combination with misoprostol resulted in shorter duration of abortion process, lower adverse outcomes and better patients’ satisfaction compared to the administration of misoprostol alone.

 Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in societies and accounts for one third of all cancers in women. Breast cancer is known as the second cause of death due to cancer in women. As a result, the purpose of the present study was to determine and compare the effectiveness of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer in Yasuj, Iran.

The present clinical study was conducted in 2021 using a pre-test-post-test with two experimental groups and a control group. Its statistical population included all women suffering from breast cancer referred to Shahid Jaliel Hospital of Yasuj, Iran. Available sampling method was used to select the women of the sample group. In the present research, the visual pain intensity scale (VAS), which is a one-axis scale, was used. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests of multivariate covariance, independent t, paired t, Levin, post hoc test, LSD post hoc test, and Shapirowilk.

 The results regarding the comparison of the effectiveness of two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion with treatment based on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer in Yasuj indicated that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test of pain intensity among women with breast cancer. 0/05). Therefore, it can be said that there was a significant difference between the two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment based on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer (p>0.05). The post hoc test, with a significance level of 0.001 and a mean difference of 1.80, indicated a significant difference between the effectiveness of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment based on commitment and acceptance on pain intensity.

Breast cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors and is the main cause of cancer death in women. Therefore, early diagnosis and foreknowledge have become necessary to increase survival and reduce mortality in the long term. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, counseling centers can improve the psychological state of cancer patients by two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion. Use with commitment and acceptance therapy.

In the present study, as a research background, the application of nanoparticles and herbal medicines in the treatment of diseases caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of zinc nanoparticles (Zn) impregnated with Khuzestan savory (Satureja khuzestanica) essential oil on the expression of lasR gene in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are biofilm-forming bacteria, under extracellular conditions.

The present experimental study was conducted in 2019 on 150 non-repetitive and intermittent clinical samples suspected of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which were collected from skin, blood, and urine samples of hospitalized patients in various wards of Imam Sajjad (AS) Hospital in Yasuj city. After the entry of 4 clinical strains along with a standard strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 25922) as a sample, Khuzestan savory essential oil was prepared from Barij Essence Pharmaceutical Company (Kashan, Iran). Then, after identifying the Pseudomonas aeruginosa sample separated from the patients, PCR was performed to confirm the presence of lasR and DNA gyrase A genes, determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern, broth microdilution test, checkerboard dilution, and agar test to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, and real-time PCR to investigate the expression of lasR gene under laboratory conditions. The collected data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, T-Test, and Paired T-Test statistical tests.

According to the results of the antibiotic sensitivity pattern, the highest resistance was related to amikacin (30 μg), colistin (10 μg), and ciprofloxacin (5 μg), and the lowest resistance was related to ceftazidime (30 μg) and imipenem (10 μg). Also, Khuzestan savory essential oil and zinc oxide nanoparticles had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 256-512 μg/mL against standard strains and clinical isolates. The relative minimum inhibitory concentration index (FIC) was equal to 1, which represents an increase in effect. Also, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was four times the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The highest MIC was related to zinc oxide nanoparticles and the lowest was related to the simultaneous use of essential oil and nanoparticles. In the combined mode of treatments, half the MIC of separate treatments was required. Also, with the reduction of the effect m.

The results indicated that clinical strains were highly resistant to some antibiotics but sensitive to others. Also, Khuzestan savory essential oil and zinc oxide nanoparticles were effective against standard strains and clinical isolates. The main component of this essential oil was carvacrol, which has antimicrobial properties. The results showed that the combination of essential oil and nanoparticles led to a stronger and more effective reduction in lasR gene expression. The study concluded that the combination of Khuzestan savory essential oil and zinc oxide nanoparticles is a promising complementary and alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Hospital wastes contain a wide range of microorganisms and require special management due to their dangerous properties, and their improper disposal is considered a serious threat to the environment and public health. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine and influence the educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on the behaviors of employees in the waste management of Hafez Hospital of Shiraz, Iran.

The present interval study was conducted in 2018 on all healthcare personnel (170 people) and service workers (32 people) of Hafez hospital of Shiraz, Iran. The statistical population of the present study was completed by enumeration. The measurement tool in the present study was a questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior and knowledge assessment which its validity and reliability were estimated and used by experts. Other tools included a waste management evaluation checklist which included management infrastructure, separation, collection, transportation, temporary storage, disposal, and weighing form of hospital wastes. The present study was conducted in two stages before and after the educational intervention. In the first stage, before the educational intervention, information was collected through questionnaires, a waste management evaluation checklist, and waste weighing continuously for a week. Then the educational content was designed. Two months after the educational intervention, in the second stage, the health care and service workers completed the questionnaires once more. Moreover, the checklist was completed and the waste was weighed over again. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and parametric (paired t-test) and non-parametric (Wilcoxon) tests.

The findings indicated a significant difference in the mean score of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention among both group health care workers and service workers after the intervention (P<0.001). After educational interventions, a significant difference in normal waste per capita was found (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in infectious waste, sharp waste, and pharmaceutical chemical waste per capita(P≥0.005). There was a significant difference in waste management in terms of separation, collection, transportation, and disposal (P<0.001). The infrastructure management and temporary maintenance were the same before and after the educational intervention.

The findings of the present study indicated that educational interventions based on the theory of planned behavior are effective in raising the awareness of health care and service workers and improving hospital waste management. Furthermore, the use of educational strategies and appropriate educational content can increase the quality of educational interventions.

The role of artificial sweeteners in the occurrence of cancer risk has been widely discussed during the last few decades. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the dynamic and molecular simulation of the interaction of saccharin(SA) with human p53 protein.

The present bioinformatics study was conducted in 2023. The interaction of SA and sodium saccharin (SSA) with the human p53 gene promoter (Pp53g) has already been published in 2019 in two theoretical and experimental sections. But in the present study, the binding ability and the binding site of SA ligand as a synthetic sweetener with human p53 protein (receptor) as a tumor suppressor was theoretically performed. The amino acid residues involved in the interaction, energy free binding and binding constant were determined. Molecular docking was used for molecular interaction calculations. More detailed information about the binding method of the ligand-receptor complex was obtained by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The structure and topology file for the human p53 protein extracted from the protein database was created based on the AMBER 99 force field with the GROMACS 5.3.1 program. Acpype/Antechamber program with General AMBER Force Field (GAFF) was used to create structure file and ligand topology in MD simulation. This force field was compatible with the AMBER 99 force field. The simulation time in explicit solvent was 50 ns for SA-p53 protein complex. The collected data were analyzed using different software and compared with the results of related articles.

The results of molecular docking indicated that the SA compound was bound to human p53 protein with a binding energy of -4.55 kcal/mol and a binding constant of 462.18 μM. A hydrogen bond was formed between SA and amino acid Leu137. The conformational changes resulting from MD simulation for the ligand-protein complex showed that SA can bind to Arg196 and His179 as key amino acids of p53 protein in the DNA binding region through two hydrogen bonds. SA can also be placed in the adjacent of amino acids Leu137, Ala138, His179, Asp184 and Met237 through hydrophobic bonds. The values of the plots of root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg) for free p53 protein and in the presence of SA ligand show the stable binding of SA to p53 protein.

The present study could provide valuable information about the binding mechanism of SA to human p53 protein as a macromolecule at the molecular level with subatomic details. The results can be useful in determining the potential carcinogenic risk of this sweetener due to its high consumption and the design and synthesis of newer and safer artificial sweeteners.

One of the biggest challenges of the emergency medical system is to respond to accidents with a large number of injured people. In Iran, despite the great progress made in pre-hospital emergency services, there are many problems and shortcomings. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the factors affecting the pre-hospital response to traffic accidents with a large number of casualties.

The present qualitative study was conducted using a semi-structured method with the participation of 31 officials and personnel of the pre-hospital emergency, Red Crescent and the police, as a purposeful sampling from June 2017 to September 2018 using the contractual content analysis method. Since the researchers was trying to explain the factors affecting the pre-hospital response in traffic accidents with a large number of casualties, the qualitative research method with the contractual content analysis approach was used. The first participant was selected using the goal-based method, and the other participants entered the qualitative interview process using the snowball sampling method. The main question of the interview was "Describe the factors influencing the response to the MCTI mass casualty traffic accidents in which you have been involved". Sampling ended when the participants did not add new data to the previous data and no new codes were created. The Elo and Kingas analysis method was used, which includes open coding, classification of codes, creation of the main class or within the theme. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests.

In the present study, the researchers achieved information saturation with 31 participants (27 men and 4 women) who were at most 50 and at least 26 years old (average 35 years) and their work experience was at least 2 and at most 28 years (with an average of 13.2) year), the content of "pre-hospital response" consists of three layers: information management, evaluation, and incident scene management. This theme was extracted from the different experiences of the participants in responding to accidents with a large number of injured people, from the moment the accident was announced by the pre-hospital emergency dispatch center, the provision of relief and treatment services at the scene of the accident, the transfer of the injured to the hospital and their delivery to the trauma center.

Consolidation of relief organizations leads to their coordination at the scene of the accident and better services to the injured. Holding joint 6-month training courses for all relief organization employees provides the basis for more interaction, coordination and service delivery to the injured.

In the present day, with the improvement of clinical care, the number of cases of premature and low birth weight babies who survive has increased. This group of babies usually achieve compensatory and faster growth than the average growth for their age and gender in the first two years of life. Also, small for gestational age (SGA) babies often have low birth weight (less than 2500 grams). These babies usually achieve compensatory growth at 2-3 years old. But if they cannot achieve this rapid compensatory growth, they may need therapeutic interventions including growth hormone administration. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine and investigate growth indicators as an important health assessment criterion in 2-4-year-old children with a history of prematurity and low birth weight.

The present retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2018-2019 on 96 children between 2 to 4 years of age who were born prematurely or with a low weight (less than 2500 grams). The hospitalization records of these children hospitalized at Hafez and Namazi hospitals of Shiraz were examined. Parents were invited to participate in the study through an online application. Growth indices including head circumference, height and weight were measured by a trained physician. Body mass index and Z-score were calculated for these indices and growth indices at birth were collected from their hospital records. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, chi-score and analysis of variance.

96 children were included in the study, 12.5% of children were small for their gestational age at the time of birth, and at the time of evaluation in the present study. All participants had reached the appropriate height and head circumference for their age, but 5 (41.6%) children were underweight. 45 (46.9%) children had growth disorder at the time of examination, 31 (32.3%) children were referred for laboratory evaluation and 3 (3.1%) children were treated with growth hormone. In this study, 33 (34.4%) children were underweight and 4 (4.2%) were short, 38 (39.6%) had a low body mass index (less than 2SD).

Premature and LBW infants need more attention for growth in follow-ups. Physicians should be aware of growth delay or arrest to do the best intervention at the time. They may need to refer to a pediatric endocrinology clinic at the proper time.

Moraxella catarrhalis shows resistance to antibiotics by using two mechanisms, beta-lactamase enzyme activity and efflux pump. Currently, Moraxella catarrhalis is considered as a bacterium that causes respiratory infections. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the relative frequency of bro beta-lactamase gene and its relationship with antibiotic resistance in Moraxella catarrhalis isolated from clinical samples.

The present descriptive study was conducted at Dena hospital of Shiraz from 2020-2021 In total, 136 clinical samples were collected from pulmonary infectious patients and Moraxella catarrhalis was isolated and identified by phenotypic and Genotypic (16S rRNA) methods. At that point, antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by disk diffusion and combination disk methods. In addition the relative frequency of existence of bro gene was evaluated in them. The collected data were statistical analysis usint t-student test.

In the present study, out of 10 strains of Moraxella catarrhalis, seven strains were MDR. These bacteria were resistant to Gentamicin, Amikacin, PenicillinG, Amoxicillin, Cefazolin , Ceftazidime, Tetracyclin, Chloramphinicol and Ciproflaxacin (70%). In addition, these strains slowed less resistant character to Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin and Co-amoxiclav (100%). bro genes were observed in all MDR strains ( 5 strains had bro-1 and 2 strains had bro-2 genes).

The results indicated that Moraxella catarrhalis strains with MDR character carried bro genes. Therefore, based on our finding prescription of beta lactam antibiotics for treatment of Moraxella catarralis infections could not recommend; however, Azotomycin, Erythromycin clarithromycin and Co-amoxiclav could be suggested.

Ticks, as external parasites, biological carriers and reservoirs of various diseases, play a role in the transmission of various disease agents to humans and animals. The aim of the present study was to identify hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in the southern villages of Ahvaz-Khorramshahr road in southwest Iran.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in 5 selected southern villages of the Ahvaz-Khorramshahr road in the summer and autumn of 2019, 156 heads of livestock were investigated, ticks in the two seasons of summer and autumn from different parts of the body of cattle, sheep and goats. were collected and identified according to Chegini's diagnostic key. The sample collection method was manual, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests and Vines analysis.

In the present study, 156 animals were examined and 234 ticks were caught. A total of 3 species of ticks from 2 genera (Ripcephalus, Hyaloma) were identified. In total, Hyaluma marginatum was the most common species and Rhipicephalus sanguinus was the least abundant. The abundance of Rhipicephalus sanguinus was 16.4%, Hyaluma anatolicum was 36.2% and Hyaluma marginatum was 47.4% in this area. The highest abundance of Hyaloma marginatum and Ripicephalus sanguinus ticks was observed in Umm al-Tir village with 56% and 29%, respectively. The highest abundance of Hyaluma anatolicum species was observed in Krishan village with 50%. Tick infestation was observed in 6% of cattle, 13% of sheep and 10% of goats. The frequency of tick infection based on the body regions in cattle was in the head and neck (59%), under the tail and around the anus (27%), groin (14%), which statistically indicated a significant difference (02.02). p = 0).

The distribution of the collected ticks revealed that the studied areas were suitable for the activity of ticks due to the weather conditions, so health planners need to consider the possibility of the spread of tick-borne diseases in these areas.

The outbreak of coronavirus has affected the use of paper-based tools due to the risk of disease transmission. Therefore, validating the online form of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) scale can help solve the problems in this area. The aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the validity of the electronic form of the OCI-R scale in students during the coronavirus crisis.

The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with the purpose of test validation. The statistical population consisted of all students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran in 2022. The sample size was determined based on psychometric criteria as 100 people for the convergent validity section and 501 people for the construct validity section. The samples were selected by random cluster sampling method. After obtaining the necessary permissions and informed consent, the research data were collected through two scales of Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI) and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Hajson and Rachman in both paper and electronic forms by sending the questionnaire link to the participants' mobile phones. To assess the validity of the scale, content, convergent and factor analysis methods were used. The reliability of the scale was evaluated by internal consistency and split-half methods. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis tests.

The results indicated that the OCI-R questionnaire consists of six factors and had appropriate content, concurrent and construct validity. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole scale was 0.81 and for the subscales it ranged from 0.70 to 0.81. The split-half coefficient for the first and second half of the scale was 0.71 and 0.74, respectively, and the correlation between the two halves was 0.62 and significant at 0.01 level. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale is saturated with six factors that explain 54.57% of the variance in total. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the six-factor model with suitable fit indices. This questionnaire was performed along with the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Hajson and Rachman scale, which had appropriate concurrent validity with 18 items (r=0.612, p<0.001).

The electronic form of the revised obsessive-compulsive inventory can be used to assess obsessive-compulsive disorder in students electronically.

HIV/AIDS is a major health concern globally. Promoting HIV AIDS literacy for everyone is one of the appropriate and required measures in this regard. The present research aimed to improve HIV/AIDS literacy among male teachers in high schools of Ahvaz.

The present field-trial study was conducted on 200 male teachers of the first and second high schools of Ahvaz. The study population was randomly divided into intervention (n=100) and control (n=100) groups. The Iranian HIV/AIDS Literacy Questionnaire was used to collect data. According to easy-to-read texts and alternative communication tools strategies, HIV/AIDS Literacy intervention was developed. The intervention included developing an educational pamphlet and sending SMS to the intervention group. One month after the intervention, the questionnaire was completed again and analyzed by SPSS software using logistic regression and t-test.

The age mean and standard deviation of the participants was 41.60 ± 7.80. At the baseline, the mean and standard deviation of HIV/AIDS literacy was 11.1 ± 3.46 in the intervention group and 9.63 ± 2.54 in the comparison group. After the intervention, the score of HIV/AIDS literacy significantly improved in the intervention group (P<0.001). Only marital status was the significant predictor for HIV/AIDS literacy. Analysis of the Pearson correlation coefficients showed that understanding and search skills have the strongest correlation with HIV/AIDS literacy.

Based on the study findings, it was concluded that promoting HIV/AIDS literacy through the use of easily understandable texts and alternative communication tools can prove to be effective. Considering the role of teachers in transferring knowledge and skills to prevent HIV and its transmission, it is suggested to hold regular and continuous training courses for all teachers.