نشریه مطالعات مدیریت، اقتصاد و کارآفرینی
سال سوم شماره 2 (تابستان 1401)

The present research has a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach. The grounded theory in the qualitative part and the ISM method in the quantitative part have been used as research method. The research tools are semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. 18 academic experts, export experts, managers and experts of the studied companies who were sampled by snowball method are used for qualitative participants’ part. 11 industry and university experts’ opinions have been used to prioritize the factors in the quantitative part, through the formation of a structural interactive matrix. The research period is from 2015 to 2020. The qualitative parts are analyzing the interview data, the  resistive export development as a central category; Causal conditions include economic foresight, export supports and realization of resistance economy macro policies; intervening conditions include business diplomacy, economic sanctions and government role-playing; underlying factors include technological and up-to-date production, competitive organizational atmosphere, efficient supply chain logistics and dynamic employee participation; strategies include a strategic export-oriented marketing document developing, empowerment of scholarly human capitals, architecture of business negotiations and business intelligence; results include competitiveness improvement, economic resilience, economic growth and prosperity of production and employment. Factors were drawn on six levels in the quantitative part. Findings show that the factor of economic sanctions conditions and the government role-playing as the most important and influential factors and factors of economic growth, prosperity of production and employment and economic resilience are recorgnized as the most dependent factors in the development of dairy exports.

The concept of strategic thinking and its importance have been discussed in the existing literature. It can be defined as the attitude of the organizational thought process that guides intelligent actions. The purpose of this research is to identify factors affecting strategic marketing thinking. For this purpose, the current research is exploratory in nature. The statistical population of this research consists of a group of active experts in the field of management. In this research, the stratification of these factors has been done using a paired questionnaire of the structural-interpretive method. The identified variables include strategic marketing capability, dynamic technology resource mobilization, market uncertainty, technical uncertainty, new product market performance, cost advantage, product differentiation, agile thinking, strategic insight, intelligent opportunism, proactiveness, knowledge, organizational awareness. , has been critical thinking. The results showed that critical thinking is the most effective variable and strategic marketing capability and market uncertainty are the most effective variables in the process of strategic marketing thinking.

Hometown associations refer to spontaneous public organizations that immigrants who migrate from villages to cities- due to the high social capital- establish a local community in format of hometown association. One successful example of the hometown association in Iran is the “Daryani-s” in Tehran which have been very successful in providing employment and entrepreneurship in Tehran as the destination and in “Daryan” as the origin. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to identify the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship of Daryani-s’ hometown association. This research method is a qualitative research method of ethnographic type with purposeful sampling, which was done through the tools of observation and in-depth interview. The findings of the research indicate that 6 categories have been effective in the development of entrepreneurship in these associations, which include personality-psychological factors, entrepreneurial tendencies, contextual-demographic factors, social capital, symbolic capital and social entrepreneurship. Each of the categories are explained in the findings section with reference to the text of the interviews.

Entrepreneurship plays a very key role in the economic and sustainable development of all societies. It seems that the problem of unemployment in society has become so large that only by creating a new market in the economy can create jobs for this volume of unemployed, a market that in addition to creating employment on a large scale, can increase economic growth and development of the country. Therefore, supporting job creation and entrepreneurship projects is the best way to create job opportunities in the country. PESTLE, based on this analytical model, designed and developed appropriate strategies to help improve entrepreneurship. By examining and observing the aforementioned variables, it is possible to evaluate issues and trends and fully understand the environment, identify emerging models and patterns, and infer future potential drivers and capacities, and prepare for opportunities and threats by drawing the vision and characteristics of future environments. Therefore, the goals and criteria of this perspective should be determined in order to fill these gaps and gaps, and then appropriate criteria should be determined to control their progress.

Many organizations today use CRM systems. When a company uses CRM, it develops various organizational capabilities, one of which is innovation. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of CRM types, ie strategic CRM, operational CRM and analytical CRM on innovation capability. This research is a descriptive-survey research in terms of method and strategy. The questionnaire was distributed among 180 sample members of the statistical population, including all employees of the sales department of factories and production and service companies located in the large industrial town of Shiraz, who were selected by simple random sampling. Data collection tool was a standard questionnaire whose validity and reliability were assessed and confirmed. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS24 and SMART PLS3 software. The results showed a positive and significant effect of strategic CRM, operational CRM and analytical CRM on innovation capability.

One of the main concepts in every economy are startups because they have some characteristics and qualifications such as innovation, job creation, boosting economic productivity and etc. that differentiate them from other companies. So, it is important to better identify them and make familiar with their revenue generations and valuations. In this paper, we have tried to study the main role of startups in economy, their characteristics, main goals and etc. The main goal of article is prediction of startup's return using artificial intelligence methods such as genetic algorithm (GA) and artificial neural network (ANN). There are multiple startup valuation models such as Berkus model, DCF model, venture capital method and etc. Since, there is not any information about startups such as sale, market size, profit and etc. and most of the models works with database, so, we have tried to analyze startups that are in stock markets and passed IPO stage. Some global indices such as S&P500, DJAI, and economic indicators such as 10 years Treasury yield, Wilshire 5000 Total Market Full Cap Index along with some other special indicators in startups like team, idea, timing and etc. are used as input variables. GA is used as feature selection and finding the most important variables. ANN is used as an optimization model and prediction of startup's returns. We used econometric models such as regression analysis. We have estimated Value at risk (VaR) and Conditional Value at risk (C-VAR) for considered portfolios including three startups (public company) such as Dropbox, Inc. (DBX), Scout24 SE (G24.DE) and TIE.AS and optimal portfolio formation. The results show that AI based methods are more powerful in prediction of startup's return. On the other hand, VaR and C-VaR models are very beneficial approach in minimizing risk and maximizing return. We found that artificial intelligence based models having high predictability and qualifications such as speed up calculations, improve by training, no assumption, ease of use and etc. But econometric models have some qualifications and assumptions such as normality, linearity, stationarity and etc. which are the limitation.