آرش ارشادی

In this experiment, corn syrup was mixed with different feedstuffs and was evaluated in comparison to commercial sucrose fondant paste. Experimental treatments included a commercial fondant sucrose paste, Zarnam corn syrup paste, enriched Zarnam corn syrup paste (treatment 2 plus 0.5% vitamin and mineral supplement), Zarnam corn syrup vegetable paste, vegetable paste enriched with Zarnam corn syrup (Treatment 4 plus 0.5% vitamin and mineral supplement), and sucrose paste. Results showed that the commercial paste treatment had the highest population, and the enriched Zarnam syrup paste treatment had the lowest population (P<0.05). The larval population in all treatments containing Zarnam corn syrup, except the enriched Zarnam corn syrup paste, was similar to the commercial paste  (P<0.05). The highest pupal population was belonged to  commercial paste treatment, which was significantly higher than enriched Zarnam corn syrup paste and sucrose paste (P<0.05). The egg-laying rate of the queen in Zarnam enriched corn syrup plant paste, and sucrose paste treatments was statistically similar to commercial paste, while it was lower in other Zarnam corn syrup treatments (P<0.05). The lowest amount of pollen storage was related to the Zarnam syrup paste treatment, which was significantly lower than other treatments (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between other treatments. Based on the results of this research it can be concluded that it is possible to prepare an enriched herbal paste by combining Zarnam corn syrup with plant materials, mineral and vitamin supplements, with the same effects on production performance of bees as commercial fondant sucrose paste.

The present research was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar application of Zargreen organic liquid fertilizer on the growth and chemical composition of tomatoes under drought stress in greenhouse conditions in the Faculty of Agriculture of Shiraz University on May 2022. Treatments consisted of four levels of foliar application of Zargreen amino acid fertilizer (with concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 L/1000L), and three soil moisture levels (field capacity (without stress), 75 and 50% of field capacity, FC). During the growing season three times; 1.5 months (at the end of vegetative growth and beginning of flowering), 2.5 months (at the stage of fruit development), and 3 months (at the stage of fruit ripening) after planting, Zargreen organic liquid fertilizer solutions were used with the mentioned concentrations for foliar spraying. The interaction effect of Zargreen organic fertilizer and moisture levels showed that the highest greenness index was observed with the highest level of soil moisture stress and the highest level of applied organic fertilizer. Application of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 L/1000L of Zargeen fertilizer increased the mean value of plant height by 8, 9, and 14%, respectively, compared to the control. The lowest shoot fresh weight was obtained without application of the organic fertilizer at the highest level of applied moisture stress. While at the same stress level, the highest shoot fresh weight was observed with the addition of 7.5 L/1000L of the organic fertilizer. The highest shoot zinc and copper concentrations were obtained in the plants grown at the highest moisture stress and the highest level of organic fertilizer application. It can be concluded that adding organic compounds improves the plant's tolerance to environmental stresses by modifying the physiological processes of the plant.

In order to evaluate the effects of soil and foliar applications of Zargrain organic fertilizer on water-use efficiency, yield and yield components of wheat under drought conditions, two separate factorial experiments (completely randomized design of three replications) were conducted in the greenhouse. Treatments in the first experiment were four levels of foliar application (zero, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 L/1000L) and three moisture levels (field capacity, 75 and 50% of field capacity(FC)) and in the second experiment four levels of soil application (zero, 5, 10 and 20 L/ha) and the mentioned moisture levels. Greenness index, number of claws, number and height of spike, number of seeds per spike, plant height, fresh and dry weights were measured and water-use efficiency was calculated. Both soil and foliar applications methods increased grain yield, plant dry weight, greenness index and water-use efficiency compared to control. Application of 20 L/ha caused a 13% increase in the number of spikes, and the application of 5 to 20 L/ha increased the number of seeds in spike by 22 to 31%, respectively. The number of seeds per spike increased by 7.5 L/1000L foliar application. The highest greenness index (38% increase in 0.75FC treatment) and water-use efficiency (0.55 g/L in 0.5FC condition) was observed with soil application of 20 L/ha fertilizer. Fertilizer application in dry conditions prevented dry-weight loss and soil application was more effective. Application of fertilizer increases the growth/performance of the plant and it can be used to improve the quantity/quality of the yield, especially in arid/semi-arid regions.

Hydroxy Methyl Furfural (HMF) is a compound that is formed as a result of heat treatment and long storage of sugar products such as invert sugar and according to codex standards its limit in foods is 40 ppm. Fructose syrup 55% is a transparent liquid with a sweet taste and has no off-flavor and has similar sweetness and functional properties to sucrose. Various studies show that due to the production process of sugar products, which is mainly associated with heat, the HMF level is greatly increased and this carcinogen is remained within these products until consumption. Invert sugar is a product that has been investigated in terms of HMF content. Research has shown that many industrial products such as invert sugar that are not manufactured according to the standards, are rich in HMF. But the fructose syrup 55% contains a very small amount of this carcinogen due to its enzymatically production and many purification processes.

In this study, carbonated fruit drink and cola beverage were prepared by sucrose and fructose syrup 55. The physicochemical properties of these samples were measured and compared. Three treatments for both types of drinks were considered: 100 % sucrose; 100 % fructose syrup 55; 50 % sucrose and 50 % fructose syrup 55. Changes in the sugar profile of both types of drinks and turbidity of carbonated fruit drinks were measured in a 45-day period by HPLC and turbidimeter, respectively. It was observed that during storage, some parts of sucrose in both drinks were hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose. The degree of hydrolysis in the case of cola was greater than that of carbonated fruit drink. According to the obtained results, the degree of sucrose hydrolysis was lower than 10 % for carbonated fruit drinks after 45 days of storage, while for cola drinks this value was about 30 %. The turbidity of carbonated fruit drinks prepared by fructose syrup was lower than those prepared by sucrose. The greater the substitution of sucrose with fructose syrup, the lower the turbidity.

The dry port is an intermediate terminal terminal that is directly connected to seaports and has a high capacity in terms of vehicles from which consumers can pick up or drop off standard Kalara units. This port is a combined terminal on the shore that is connected to the coastal port. Necessary and sufficient equipment to deal with traffic caused by several modes of transportation, including rail and air, and customers can receive or deliver their goods in different ways. Dry port is considered as a low risk base for sustainable national development. The dry port consists of several sections, some of which include a safe area with ports for entry and exit, separate roofed and open warehouses for import, export and transport, and for perishable goods, high-value shipments and full shipments. Risk, warehousing facilities including customs guaranteed warehousing, suitable place to stop the fleet with sufficient parking space for the cargo fleet, office building in accordance with the approved plans in principle agreement for customs and other applicants such as freight forwarders, shipping agencies, Clearance of customs goods, banks and other related services, customs services and logistics services.

The honey bee obtains its all nutritional  demands from nectar and pollen. In the case of nectar and pollen limitation, beekeepers use a substitute. It has been a long time that sucrose is used as the conventional substitute for nectar and pollen in the bee feeding to provide its nutritional needs during winter and stimulation of springchr('39')s larval nourishment. High fructose corn syrup is another potential substitute that is used recently in bee feeding. Therefore, in this review, the effects of honey bee feeding with fructose syrup have been investigated. Life span and hive population are among the important factors that have to be considered in the case of feeding honey bee with various sources. According to the results of previous studies, high fructose corn syrup (containing 55 % fructose based on the dry matter) is a potential carbohydrate source for the honey bee compared to sucrose. In this review, the results of these studies have been investigated. The Scopus database was used for search purposes and three seraching algorythms (until 2020) was carried out as follows: (TITLE (honey AND bee) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (hfcs)) and (TITLE (honey AND bee) AND TITLE (sucrose)) and (TITLE (honey AND bee) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY (fructose)).

In the present study, sucrose was replaced with high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) at various levels ranging from 20 to 40% in Gaz formulation and five formulation prepared as follow : A (100% sugar + acidic glucose syrup), B (100% sugar + enzymatic glucose), C (80% sugar + 20% HFCS-55 + enzymatic glucose surup), D (70% sugar + 30% HFCS-55 + enzymatic glucose syrup) and E (60% sugar + 40% HFCS-55 + enzymatic glucose syrup). Gaz bites were analyzed for physicochemical properties, texture (cutting and puncture test), microbial growth and organoleptic characteristics. The low water activity and crude energy were found in samples added 30-40% HFCS-55 as compared to control. Moisture content of Gaz samples was decreased by increasing HFCS-55 but no significant differences were observed between B, C and D. Microbial spoilage of Gaz samples was controlled by formulation and substitution of sucrose by HFCS-55 restricted the growth of mold and yeast in C, D and E formulations. The color appearance parameters such as lightness and yellowness were significantly affected by the addition of HFCS in comparison with control (P<0.05). The values of the cutting and puncture force in Gaz ranged between 3.65-6.92 and 0.24-0.53 N, respectively. These two texture parameters were significantly affected by the formulation. Sensory data on a 5 point hedonic scale indicated that the panelists liked Gaz formulation prepared with HFCS up to 30% sugar replacement over control samples because of improved color, texture and taste.