آنوش برزیگر

Cardiopulmonary arrest is still one of the common causes of sudden death in many countries. This study investigated cardiopulmonary resuscitation success rates and the clinical and diagnostic demographic characteristics of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the records of all patients who experienced cardiac arrest and received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at Dr. Heshmat Rasht Hospital between April 2013 and March 2013. Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, factors during cardiac arrest, and CPR outcomes were collected for analysis.

In this study, 77 cardiac patients undergoing CPR were included, of whom 61% were male. The average age of patients was 66.49 years with a standard deviation of 17.34 years. Hypertension and diabetes were prevalent among the patient population, affecting 35.8% and 32.1% of individuals, respectively. The majority of cardiac arrests occurred within the hospital setting between 6 AM and 12 AM. Cardiac infarction was identified as the primary cause of cardiac arrest in 41.6% of cases. Overall, the success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 14.3%.

The results of this study showed that identifying demographic, clinical, and diagnostic risk factors associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can facilitate the implementation of timely and appropriate interventions to improve patient outcomes.

Cardiovascular diseases are the most cause of death in most part of the world and Iran. Studies had shown that ABO blood groups can be associated with coronary artery disease. Regarding to its importance and high prevalence of it in Guilan and existence of controversial results about blood groups and coronary artery disease we design this research. Evaluation the association of ABO groups in patients referred to Heshmat hospital. This is a case control study in which 274 records of patients referred to Heshmat hospital underwent coroniary areteries angiography were evaluated. Patients were divided to two groups of patients and control equally 137 persons. Tool of study was a checklist for collectiong data. After data gathering and organization of them, thet were entered in SPSS software ver 19 and analysis was done with descriptive and analytical statistics (T test، Chi square, ANOVA). The mean age of patients was 59. 26±10. 08 years old and 55. 1% of them were male 44. 9% were female. There was significant difference between coronary artery disease and age groups (P=0. 014), age (P=0. 003), history of cardiovascular disease in patients (P=0. 006), history of myocardial infarction (P=0. 014). The most blood group in patient group was A. Although frequency of A, B and AB blood groups were more in patients group than control, there was no significant difference between them (P=0. 78). Only O blood group in female was significantly more than male (P=0. 018). There was significant relation between O blood group and history of MI (P=0. 043). Results of this study is probably dependent on genetic and environmental characterestics in Guilan region. It can be concluded that in our population, in female, having O blood group can predispose persons to coronary artery disease; however more studies is needed.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is rather common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recognition of its various risk factors is important to planning effective preventive measures. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been related to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in several studies. Due to differences in nutritional patterns and genetic background among different countries, we evaluated the role of hyperhomocysteinemia as a CAD, risk factor in Iranian population. Evaluating the Relationship Between Plasma Homocysteine Levels and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography The relation between homocysteine and the extent of CAD, measured by an angiographic score, was determined. A total of 168 patients referred for coronary angiography for clinical reasons were included. Blood samples were collected for measuring serum levels of Homocysteine. Severity of CAD determined by Gensini score. CAD was found in 153 (91%) patients and 15 subjects had normal or near normal arteries. 58 patients (34.5%) had hyperhomocysteinemia. Patients with a more advanced coronary score had a higher frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia and tended to have higher mean homocysteine levels. After adjustment for major risk factors, we found an independent association between hyperhomocysteinemia and CAD. (95% C.I. for odd ratio: 1.07 – 1.43). We conclude that hyperhomocysteinemia is independently associated with CAD, with a positive association between homocysteine level and disease severity.

Abstract Ventricular dyssynchrony is frequently encountered in heart failure patients، especially in those with wide QRS intervals. Some surveys have shown thatCardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) could be a promising technique with benefits. Comparison of left ventricular function before and after CRT implantation inheart failure patients. In a cross-sectional survey، 65consecutive heart failure patients، who were candidates for cardiac resynchronization were enrolled and evaluated for Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume (LVESV)، Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume (LVEDV) and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) before CRT. Echocardiographic evaluations were done3-6 months after CRT. The response to CRT was defined as the decrease of LVESV ≥ 15%. The study group included 27 women (41. 5%) and 38 men (58. 5%)، with a mean (± SD) age of 62 ±12 years. Totally، 46 (70. 8%) responded to CRT and 19 (29. 2%) were nonresponsive، so that the mean LVEF (%) significantly increased and LVESV and LVEDV decreased significantly after CRT in responsive ones (P=0. 0001، P=0. 001 and p=0. 0001، respectively). The present survey showed the improvement of echocardiographic findingin heart failurepatients with wide QRS after CRT. Conflict of interest: non declared

Determination of block level in patients with heart block is particularly importance and traditionally in the treatment and diagnostic centers, invasive electrophysiology is used. In this study, we aimed to study accuracy of electrocardiography for non-invasive determination of atrio-ventricular block levels in patients need to temporary pacemaker. In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with heart block were candidate for temporary pacemaker in according to ECG findings, EPS study was also done. Level of the block was estimated with ECG and compared with EPS findings, and relation and agreement were analyzed. From 60 patients, 31 patients (51.7%) were women. Mean age of patients was 69.7±9.1 years old. In ECG findings, 13 patients (21.7%) had 2:1 AV block, 12 patients (20%) had second degree AV block, 35 patients (58.3%) had third degree AV block. In ECG findings, level of AV block in 10 patients (16.7%) was AV nodal and in 50 patients (83.3%) was infra nodal. In EPS findings level of AV block in 11 patients (18.3%) was AV nodal and in 49 patients (81.7%) was infra nodal. Estimation of AV block level in ECG findings in comparison with EPS findings had 93.9% sensitivity, 63.6% specificity, 92% positive predictive value,70% negative predictive value and 88.3% accuracy. Electrocardiographic findings have high accuracy in noninvasive estimation of heart block levels. So, when invasive procedures faced with the constraints, may be beneficial.

To determine the frequency of risk factors for retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in patients referred to a private clinic in Rasht during 1995-2001. This cross-sectional study was conducted on all patients with RVO who were referred to the clinic. Sex, age, hypertension (HTN), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypercoagulable states, glaucoma, smoking, hyperlipidemia (HLP), and refractive errors were evaluated. This study included 143 cases of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and 119 cases of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). In BRVO group, mean age was 60.517.5 years. Prevalene of HTN, HLP, CVD, smoking, DM, and glaucoma was 62.2%, 52.1%, 44.5%, 43.7%, 31.9%, and 8.4%, respectively. In CRVO group, mean age was 58.8%2.3 years. The prevalence of the above-mentioned risk factors in this group was 70.6%, 58.0%, 51.7%, 36.4%, 20.3%, and 2.1%, respectively. None of the patients had hypercoagulablity. Most patients had 1 diopter of refractive error (67.7% in the BRVO group and 82.3% in the CRVO group). The prevalence of HTN, HLP, CVD, smoking, DM, and glaucoma are significantly high in RVO patients. Early diagnosis and management of these risk factors may decrease the prevalence of RVO diseases.