امین عسگری

The static Young’s modulus (Esta) and the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) are key parameters in the geomechanical study of hydrocarbon reservoirs. These parameters are typically estimated using empirical models that relate the strength and elastic parameters of the rock to their petrophysical properties. In the present research, the existing empirical models in the literature (specifically for carbonate rocks) were compiled and investigated, this was followed by performing experimental tests on 27 core samples to measure the porosity (n), the density (ρ), the compressive and shear wave velocities (Vp and Vs, respectively), Esta and UCS for a carbonate gas reservoir in the south of Iran. Next, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and regression analysis (RA) were conducted to develop estimator models for the Esta and UCS. Results of this study showed that the best models produced by the PSO algorithm were more accurate than not only the best models produced by the RA, but also the models proposed by previous researchers by 7% and 48%, respectively, for the Esta and by 10% and 7%, respectively, for the UCS. On this basis, it was strongly recommended to apply the empirical correlations developed through the PSO for more accurate estimation of the studied parameters across the investigated field and similar fields.

Compressed air storage is one of the methods of energy storage. One of the most important parts of a compressed air storage system is the storage cavern. In this study, the behaviour and the long-term stability of the salt cavern as a storage site for compressed air were investigated. Due to the construction and operation of the salt cavern, the in-situ stress conditions around the cavern will change. The difference between induce stress and pressure of compressed air will cause the cavern to converge and damage around it. In this study, the salt rocks from one of the regions of Iran were used to test creep. To investigate the creep behavior of salt rock, creep test was performed in three stress levels in a stepwise manner. Lubby2 model parameters were calculated. Then, using LOCAS finite element software, the compressed air storage cavern was simulated and its behavior and stability were investigated. The results of these experiments and modelling have shown that with increasing stress in each stage, the slope of the secondary part of the creep increases. Therefore, it can be concluded that with increasing stress, the Maxwell viscosity coefficient decreases. In addition, the amount of movement in the lower half of the cavern was more than the upper half of it. Value of the cavern safety factor according to the Devries dilation criterion also decreased with increasing depth and the probability of dilation in the cavern wall increased.

Face plays an important role in visual communication. By looking at the face, it can be automatically extracted many non-verbal messages, such as identity, intention, and emotion. In computer vision, localization of the key points of the face is usually a key step for automatic extraction of face information, and many facial analysis techniques are built on the precise recognition of these embossed. Facial landmark detection and alignment in images with occlusion is a very important and challenging task in many visual and image processing tasks. In this paper, a comprehensive method for initialization and alignment of facial landmark through training of local binary features (LBP) and histogram orientated gradient (HOG) and a facial landmark detection method using robust cascade pose regression, which are specified as pixel difference features of landmarks, is introduced. At first, by analyzing the correlation of the local binary pattern histogram (LBP) and then by using histogram orientated gradient, the features of the training images are obtained. For the test image using these features the instructional images are estimated as optimal guide points. In the test stage, according to initialization of the image, the selection of the appropriate feature for the image is used to speed up the process, which means the number of steps to be chosen for each image is better. A strong cascade mode regression is then used to adjust the face, and a local principle is applied to learn the features of the guide points. The local principle helps to learn a set of highly distinctive binary features for the face guide points independently; these local binary features are used to jointly learn the cascade mode regression for the final output. The results show that the initialization used in this work has increased the accuracy of the estimation in the cascade state regression and has obtained better results than the random initialization.

Ensuring the stability and integrity of underground gas storage salt caverns is a very complicated subject due to the non-linear and time-dependent behavior of rock salts under complicated thermal and mechanical loading conditions. For this reason, pressure and temperature fluctuations in the caverns and their surrounding strata must be integrated into the analysis and the numerical tools that are used for this purpose. LOCAS, a 2D axisymmetric finite-element code, dedicated to the stability analysis of underground salt spaces, was applied to assess the effects of various operating and geometrical parameters on the cavern behavior. In this paper, we aimed to give an overall assessment of the behavior of the salt caverns used for natural gas storage. In this work, some specific loading scenarios were considered first, followed by thorough parametric and sensitivity analyses to reveal the impacts of the geometrical parameters and operational parameters involved on the behavior of salt caverns using the modern stability criteria. The findings showed that the onset of dilation was more likely to happen within the first cavern life cycle when pressure dropped to the minimum level. As for the potential of tension occurrence in the surrounding rock, this is more likely to happen by increasing the number of operation cycles, especially in the upper one-third of the cavern wall. Finally, it was seen that the cavern depth and minimum cavern internal pressure had even more important influences than the others on the salt cavern behavior.

Reduced marital intimacy disrupts family function, durability and sustainability of marriage. Low intimacy leads to a rise in inappropriate interactions, reduced satisfaction and happiness in marriage, and leads to a desire to get a divorce among couples. Therefore, the present study aimed to define the effect of emotional schema therapy on marital intimacy among couples on the brink of divorce. This study was of semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, follow-up and control group. Among all couples at the Justice Department in cities of Shahin Shahr and Meymeh in 2017 and applied for a divorce, 54 couples who had a standard deviation below the average of Bagarozzi's marital intimacy questionnaire, were selected by purposeful sampling method, and randomly divided into three groups: experimental, consulting and control. Then, the experimental group participated in the emotional schema therapy and the counulting group in the public conversation course. One month after the completion of the training courses, the groups completed the questionnaire by post-test and three months later they completed the questionnaire again. Data were analyzed by SPSS-22 using single and multivariate analysis of covariance. Emotional schema therapy increased the mean (SD) of total marital intimacy of couples in the experimental group from 243.8 (57.7) in pre-test to 296.3 (63.5) in post-test and 306.9 (63.4) in follow-up (P<0.05). The effect of the emotional schema therapy on components in post-test was 56.6% for physical intimacy, 40.6% mental intimacy, 38.4% emotional intimacy, 43.2% psycological intimacy, 31.1% sexual intimacy, 27.7% spiritual intimacy, 26.2% scio-creational intimacy, 25% choronological intimacy, and 68.1% aesthetic intimacy. The effect of the emotional schema therapy in follow-up was 68.1% for physical intimacy, 61.3% spiritual intimacy, 60.4% scio-creational intimacy, 51.2% psycological intimacy, 49.5% emotional intimacy, 49.3% mental intimacy, 49.3% sexual intimacy, 48.5% choronological intimacy, and 45.4% aesthetic intimacy (P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference between the increase in the scores of marital intimacy and all its components among the couples of the cosulting group compared to the control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the follow-up. The study showed that emotional schema therapy resulted in increased marital intimacy of couples on the brink of divorce

Marital burnout is a painful state of physical, emotional and psychological fatigue, which is created in conditions of long-term conflict with emotional demands and over time, the love and affection between couples become more diminished and sometimes fade completely. The reason for undesirable and destructive effects on marital relationships and the creation of psychosocial distances in couples is one of the main causes of emotional divorce, which, in the absence of treatment, prepares the ground for the formal divorce of couples. Therefore, the implementation of therapeutic interventions to improve marital relationships and reduce marital burnout seems necessary. In this regard, one of the most effective therapeutic perspectives is the emotional schema therapy, which is a new therapeutic model, and so far, its effectiveness in the severity of depression and introspection, Emotional schemas, couples' performance, and personality disorders has been proved. So, it is possible that it will also benefit in the marital burnout. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of emotional schema therapy on couples' marital burnout in the brink of divorce. This research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design along with follow-up with the control group. The statistical population includes all couples on the brink of divorce, 586 couples who came to the Justice Department in Shahin Shahr and Meymeh during the year 2017 and applied for no-fault divorce. Next, 90 couples (180 persons), based on the criteria for entry into the research selected by a non-random sampling method. Criteria for entry into the research were: age range of 20 to 65 years; the duration of marriage 5 to 40 years; minimum education diploma; volunteering to participate in the study and not having specific physical and mental problems. Also, ethical considerations Necessity includes: providing written information about the research to the participants, giving assurances to individuals about the confidentiality of the information obtained and using it only in research matters. The voluntary participation of couples in the study and the lack of registration of their surname to respect the privacy and obtain the written consent of the couple fulfilled the Pines` marital burnout Scale. Then, among them, 54 couples (108 persons), whose grades in the pre-test stage, were a standard deviation higher than the mean in the scale for measuring marital burnout, were selected and randomly replaced in three groups; Experimental group (18 couples, 36 persons), Consulting group (18 couples, 36 persons) and control (18 couples, 36 persons). Then, the experimental group couples participated for three months in ten two-hour sessions (weekly one session) of Emotional Schema Therapy based on the Leahy Educational Package. The couples of the consulting group for three months in ten two-hour sessions (weekly one session) of Public speaking course included theoretical content that had nothing to do with the primary purpose of the experiment, while control subjects remained intact. One month after the completion of the training courses, all three groups filled out the post-test scale and three months after the implementation of the post-test in the follow-up phase they filled out the scale one more time. The data were analyzed by repeated measures of variance analysis and Bonferroni follow up test by using SPSS-22 software. Probabilities less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results of the statistical analysis showed that emotional schema therapy reduced the scores of marital burnout and its components in the couples of the experimental group compared to the counseling and control groups in the post-test and follow-up stages (p<0.001). Also, there was a significant difference between the reduction in the rates of marital burnout and its components in the counseling group couples compared to the control group at the post-test stage (p<0.001), but in the follow-up phase, this difference was not significant (p=0.081). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that emotional schema therapy plays a vital role in reducing the marital burnout on the brink of divorce. Therefore, family counselors and therapists can use the findings of this research in the context of clinical and therapeutic interventions and use this therapeutic, practical and useful approach to resolve conflicts and help improve marital relations among individuals.

Crude oil as the main row material in industries is one of the most strategic and valuable materials in the world. In one hand, after World Wars and the issues they caused for oil marketing, many of North American, European and Eastern Asian countries began to store crude oil till in emergency cases they can protect their economy and industries against probable damages. On the other hand, even in the absence of war and any international threat against Iran oil marketing it still facing its own challenges. In the low crude oil demand periods, there should be enough stores for storing crude oil to prevent any problem in producing and storing of it in the country. Since various methods such as aboveground tanks, floating, in-ground and underground oil storage has been experienced. Large storage capacity, high safety and low operational and maintenance costs of underground storage in comparison with the other methods have been caused to be more concerned in many countries. Underground crude oil storage methods including hard rock caverns, abandonment mines and salt caverns have been widely used. Choosing the appropriate storage method with respect to country conditions has positive political and economic consequences. In this study, technical, environmental, economical, defensive criteria effective on crude oil storing has been investigated, and also by taking advantages of internal and external expert’s viewpoints, the appropriate methods of underground storing has been prioritized. Due to effects of various criteria on choosing the suitable storage methods, application of Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods would be important. In this study with application of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and with respect to our country situations, the appropriate underground crude oil storage of methods has been prioritized.