بدری شاه طالبی حسین آبادی

This research aimed to explore organizational socialization in the ecosystem of public education in Iran. This study was conducted using a mixed-method (qualitative-quantitative) approach. The qualitative part employed content analysis with an interpretive approach, following Attride-Stirling’s approach. The research environment in this section included articles and books in the field of organizational socialization. Data analysis in the qualitative section revealed the dimensions of organizational Socialization, including organizational adaptability, active behavior, organizational culture, future envisioning, and organizational proceduralism. The quantitative part used a descriptive survey method. The statistical population in the quantitative section consisted of teachers employed in different grades of public schools in selected provincial centers in 2021, who were selected through convenience sampling. The research instrument was a 127-item questionnaire derived from the qualitative part of the research and based on a 5-point Likert scale with content validity confirmed by subject matter experts and face validity established by several members of the target population. Structural validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was measured with Cronbach's alpha, which exceeded 0.70 for all items. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including factor analysis. Based on the factor loadings obtained for each item, the research model demonstrated desirable validity. To promote organizational socialization for novice and experienced teachers, it is recommended to utilize the actions derived from this research in organizational policy levels and teacher training programs.

Porpose: 

The aim of this study was to provide a model of factors affecting the professional development of Iranian school principals.

This study was quantitative in terms of applied purpose and descriptive in terms of implementation method. The population of the present study was 91972 school principals in Iran in the academic year of 1999-99. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, the sample size was 384 people who were selected by cluster sampling method according to the population size. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire of factors affecting the professional development of Iranian school principals with 104 items whose face and content validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method of 0.94. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis in SPSS-23 software.

Findings showed that the factors affecting the professional development of Iranian school principals had 104 indicators, 9 components and 3 dimensions; Including individual factors (with four components of personality, cognition, general characteristics and behavioral characteristics), intra-organizational factors (with three components of learning manager, scholarly culture and driving leadership) and extra-organizational factors (with two components redefining school-community relationship and dynamic decisions Upstream) was. The professional development of Iranian school principals had a significant effect on all three dimensions of individual factors, internal organizational factors and external organizational factors (P <0.001).

According to the results of this study, specialists and planners of the educational system to promote the professional development of school principals can provide the basis for improving its indicators, components and dimensions.

The purpose of this research was to design and validate the model of knowledge leadership in Iran's knowledge-based companies. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of data collection and mixed method (quantitative and qualitative with phenomenological approach) in terms of data type. The statistical population in the qualitative section of 12 managers of knowledge-based companies was selected and investigated by snowball sampling method and after theoretical saturation. The 7-step Colaizy method was used to analyze the data. The results indicated the extraction of 209 codes in the beginning, which according to the analysis of the lived experiences of managers of knowledge-based companies in Iran in the field of knowledge leadership, including: 4 main dimensions (including: goal setting, educational policies, support policies, functional policies), 8 The component (including: individual excellence,...) was extracted according to formulated concepts. In order to evaluate the findings of the research in the qualitative part, the qualitative form (Guba and Lincoln method) and the quantitative form of the Holesti coefficient (0.898) and the relative content validity coefficient (CVR) were used. In the quantitative part, a descriptive survey method was used. The statistical population in this part included all managers of knowledge-based companies, who were selected by simple random sampling method to determine the sample size of 360 people using Morgan's table. The results showed entire knowledge leadership model has a good fit and validity and all the obtained variables can be considered in the design of the final model.

Although until recently there was talk of knowledge management as an interesting topic in think tanks, now there is talk of knowledge leadership and it has attracted the attention of active thinkers in the field of management. Management issues are one of the main problems of start-up knowledge-based companies, and the combination of communication between knowledge-based and leadership issues can be very helpful for these companies. With the help of knowledge leadership, by combining engineering skills and leadership power, organizational goals can be achieved in knowledge-based companies. The purpose of this study is to study the lived experiences of managers of Iranian knowledge-based companies in the field of knowledge leadership. This qualitative research is of phenomenological type. The statistical population of the study is all managers of knowledge-based companies in Iran as key informants in the field of knowledge leadership. The statistical sample, by data saturation, is 12 interviews. Data analysis was performed by qualitative phenomenological research using 7-step cleavage method. The results showed that 206 codes were extracted at the beginning, after which 5 themes and 21 clusters were extracted according to the formulated concepts.Therefore, the lived experiences of the managers of knowledge-based companies in Iran in the field of knowledge-based leadership include 5 themes, which are: 1) Supportive policies 2) Staff training 3) Relationships with staff and consultation 4) Knowledge development in the company 5) Capability of the company.

The present research was conducted with the aim of providing a model of organizational citizenship behavior of teachers in public schools in Iran.

The research method was a quantitative survey type and the statistical population included all the staff and line workers of education in the public sector in the academic year 2009-1400 in the number of 101,3655, which using the table of Georgesi and Morgan (1970) the number 387 people from 5 provinces of the country were selected to participate in the research. The data collection tool in the quantitative part of the researcher-made questionnaire, whose face validity has been confirmed by a number of statistical samples and its content validity has been confirmed by a number of experts in the field of educational management and educational sciences. The reliability of the tool was calculated by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to /896. In order to analyze the collected data in order to examine the questions and test the main question and sub-questions of the research, it was done by using structural equation modeling of covariance.

The findings showed that in the organizational citizenship behavior model of public schools in Iran, the causal factors include strategic changes in the education system (keeping up with modern changes and developments, the growth of moral standards and the spirit of self-sacrifice) and organizational developmentalist attitudes (development collaborative actions, the outputs of the development of an efficient educational system), background conditions including organizational leadership characteristics (leaders' benevolent tendencies, effective and dynamic leadership behaviors), followers' individual characteristics (ideal values, behavioral norms) and organizational characteristics (culture value-oriented organization, compassion-oriented organizational atmosphere) and intervening conditions including collective capital (social psychological capital of public culture) value change (growth of pluralistic values, growth of social culture) strategies including organizational strategies (employee training and stimulating organizational culture) management strategies (effective leadership) ) community-oriented strategies (representation of the role of educators, development of public culture) and the consequences included the individual (psychological consequence of the development of individual pragmatism), social organization (transcendental organization, social dynamics) and the factor load of all of them was significant.

The results of the quantitative part also show that the model of organizational citizenship behavior obtained in the present study is a good fit for the Khordar.

Organizations in the modern age have become more complex and have been exposed to rapid and widespread changes and developments more than before. These issues have caused employees to be constantly exposed to psychological and social stress and pressure, which affects both their social personality and their organizational and job performance. To face these conditions, employees need skills that empower them socially and mentally. In this regard, the present study sought to identify the social dimensions of the new organizational skills of Islamic Azad University employees.

The research method was qualitative with thematic analysis approach. The data of the present research are all scientific articles in Farsi and English related to organizational skills that were published in reliable databases between 2007 and 2021 (for English articles) and 2012 and 2021(for Persian articles). The purposeful sampling method was criteria-based, based on which 57 articles (23 Persian articles and 34 English articles) were selected and reviewed as a sample. It was used to measure content validity using the relative coefficient of content validity (CVR). Items whose CVR index value was less than 0.6 were removed and finally, 51 items were approved from the initial 59 items.

The research findings indicated that the social dimensions of modern organizational skills are: social-emotional self-management (with the basic themes of emotional self-control, collective self-efficacy, personality autonomy and self-motivation), rational interactionism (with the basic themes of interactive free-thinking, constructive relationships and group synergy) ) and mental-social flexibility (with the basic themes of creative innovation, critical thinking, changeability and socio-cultural intelligence).

These dimensions in relation to each other shape the social capability of Islamic Azad University employees as a fundamental part of their new organizational skills.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative performance with the mediating role of resilience in a descriptive correlational method. The statistical population included all the staff of the Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan) in the number of 400 people, of which 196 people were selected by non-randomly available methods. The research instruments included Bass and Olivier (2000) Transformational Leadership Questionnaire, Eskandarzadeh Innovative Performance (2014) and Connor Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha for all three questionnaires of transformational leadership, innovative performance and resilience were 0.92, 0.91 and 0.93, respectively. The results of the analysis of the findings showed that the direct effect of transformational leadership on innovative performance is not significant, but indirectly and through resilience has an indirect and significant effect on innovative performance and therefore resilience is the relationship between transformational leadership and Fully mediates innovative performance.

The present paper aim was to compare of professional ethics injuries in the faculty members of public and free Iranian universities .The study was done quantitatively and using descriptive– comparative method. In order to collect data from the questionnaire researcher -made were used by professional ethics questionnaire of 119 dimensions. which had three dimensions: individual, organizational and super organizational. Validity of questionnaire was approved by formal validity and comment by experts in the field of training management and the reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha 0/84. The statistical population consisted of all faculty members of government universities and all university units throughout Iran which were selected as samples through multi-stage cluster sampling. The data obtained in this study were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS software 21. The results that there is a significant difference between the free and public university in the field of individual factors in all dimensions and in the field of organizational factors in all dimensions except the management and leadership factor and the organization culture factor. the results showed that there is a significant difference between the free and public university in the field of super organizational in all dimensions except for policy.

The aim of this study was to identify the factors of professional development of Iranian school principals in order to provide a suitable model with a qualitative-exploratory approach and using thematic analysis with inductive approach.

The research environment included the first category of resources of valid Internet databases and scientific databases in the period 2004 to 2020 and 2008 to 1399 in the field of professional development studies of managers. In order to collect the initial themes, 68 articles and internal and external books were studied in a series of purposive sampling method (instead of selecting a fixed sample, the sample size increases until it is enough). Reached theoretical saturation. After coding and categorizing 118 primary themes, its content validity was performed in two

qualitative and quantitative (checking the degree of agreement of each theme using content validity coefficient). Using Holstie coefficient, the reliability of the themes was estimated to be 0.96.

The network of themes consisting of 3 comprehensive themes (individual, internal, external) and 9 organizing themes and 104 basic themes were drawn. The factors identified in this study show that the professional development of school principals is the basis for the development of education. Because leadership in schools has a direct impact on learners and plays a key role in developing the quality of student learning.

It is obvious that the professional development of principals is a means to survive and improve the effectiveness of schools

The existence of moral dilemmas are one of the most important reasons why organizations have been implementing ethical leadership; therefore, ethical leadership is one of the major concerns and issues of today's organizations, to the extent that scientific flourishing, industrial progress, and social affluence is affiliated with ethics in organizations.

In terms of the purpose, the present study is applied research and it was carried out in two quantitative and qualitative phases. In the first phase of the research, the used research method is the type of analysis of the subject based on the inductive approach (data-based). In the second phase the present study has described the objective, realistic and regular characteristics of a subject and is a descriptive survey. The researcher identified and selected a list of the first articles that appeared to contain data relevant to the research objectives by using the books written in the field of higher education with a focus on ethical leadership and management, to better identify relevant issues related to the subject of research. By careful examination, a total of 250 Themes were identified in 24 documents. The statistical population in the second part of the study included all subject specialists in Azad universities of the country; 303 were sampled. In order to evaluate the content analysis, the "use of independent coders and experts group" was used. Using of independent coding is a common process for evaluating and controlling the quality of the analysis of the subject. In the quantitative section, content validity and face validity were used to assess the validity.

the content was identified in the form of a closed-ended questionnaire whose content validity was approved by experts through the CVR of 8 panelists. The reliability of the information gathering tool was higher than 0.7 in convergent validity and higher than 0.8 in combined reliability by Cronbach's alpha. For analyzing data, a second-order factor analysis was used in quantitative section. The results, in quantitative section, show that ethical leadership load factors fitted with the themes of action, ability, foresight, character, and ethical knowledge with greater than 0.9 and it fitted with ethical attitude with higher than 0.8 at 0.001 and above the critical value.

The results of this study showed that ethical leaders in Azad universities have ethical action, foresight, character, attitude, knowledge and ability. These individuals, while being an ethical strategist and diplomat, are observant, pragmatic, opportunist, listener, transformative, supportive, and capitalist. In addition, they must have values like conductivity, worldview, justice, law-order, value –oriented, benevolence. In large organizations such as Azad University, ethical leadership can be seen with having good attributes and correct values and being rich in terms of performance.