فهرست مطالب بهزاد باقری

Based on data available, about 10% of people have severe dental anxiety. There are several methods to control dental anxiety, the use of which entails knowledge on behalf of the dental practitioners and appropriate equipment. This study evaluated knowledge of dental practitioners about dental anxiety control methods. In this study descriptive study, 249 dental practitioners in Isfahan were selected using simple sampling method and given a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions about pharmacological methods to control dental anxiety in patients. Data was analyzed with SPSS software using ANOVA at a significance level of 0.95. Knowledge scores were reported from 0 to 20. Knowledge scores for inhalation sedation, oral sedation and general anesthesia were 12.65 ± 3.31, 13 ± 2.84, and 17.91 ± 6.12, respectively. Mean of dental knowledge scores of dentists in relation to pharmacological sedation techniques was above 12, indicating proper knowledge level of dental practitioners. ANOVA did not reveal any significant differences in knowledge level means between different age groups in relation to general anesthesia (p value = 0.217). However, there were significant differences in the knowledge means between various age groups in relation to inhalation (p value = 0.036) and oral sedation (p value = 0.035) techniques. Under the limitations of this study the knowledge of dentists about pharmacological methods of controlling patient anxiety in dentistry was good but these methods are not widely used due to lack of background support. Given the importance of such measures, it is necessary to increase the knowledge of the community about these techniques.

Membrane technology for the separation of mixtures has gained a considerable attention during the last two decades. It also has a number of applications in industrial and medical realms including gas separation، water desalination، ultra pure water، wastewater reclamation، food and medical application realms. However، selecting the proper one for our country to execute is a challenging decision and the best selection depends on many criteria and attributes. The aim of this research is to determine and discuss membrane application realms available as well as some of the important and essential criteria influencing the decision including logistic، economic، strategic، and technical factors each with some associated sub-criteria. For this reason، multi-criteria decision-making approach is presented to effectively evaluate membrane application realms. We therefore use a number of academic and collegiate experts along with some experienced managers in both the private and governmental organizations to cope with the problem. The analysis of the results obtained in the evaluation process verifies that water desalination has the most priority among others for our country to execute.