جابر علیزاده گورادل

The present research aimed to evaluate the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationships of resilience and mindfulness with Subjective well-being in individuals with substance use disorder.

The present research was descriptive-correlation of structural equations type. The statistical population included individuals with substance use disorder in addiction treatment camps and the Narcotics Anonymous Association of Tehran in 2019, and 400 people (200 men and 200 women) were selected by convenience sampling. To collect data, the resilience questionnaire, the mindfulness questionnaire, the Subjective well-being questionnaire, life satisfaction and the emotion regulation questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling.

The results of the structural equation model showed that the direct effect of resilience and mindfulness variables on Subjective well-being was significant. Also, the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationships of resilience and mindfulness with the Subjective well-being in individuals with substance use disorder was significant.

According to the obtained results, it can be said that the variables of emotion regulation, resilience, and mindfulness play an important role in Subjective well-being. Also, the results showed that emotion regulation was a mediator in the relationships of resilience and mindfulness with Subjective well-being.

Relapse of substance use with negative physical and psychosocial consequences has become a public health concern worldwide. The present study aimed to model the relapse of substance use based on risky decision making, attentional bias, and reward sensitivity with the mediating role of craving.

In this descriptive study, the statistical population included all men with substance use disorder (methamphetamine use) who were quitting in 2019 and had referred to addiction treatment camps in Ardabil. A sample of 172 of these individuals was selected by convenience sampling method and answered the questionnaires of relapse prediction, reward sensitivity, short scale craving, balloon analogue risk task (BART), and Dot-Probe test. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

The results showed that the path coefficients of the risky decision making to craving (β=0.21, p=0.002) and relapse (β=0.30, p=0.001), attentional bias to craving (β=0.29, p=0.004), reward sensitivity to craving (β=0.15, p=0.041), and relapse (β=0.21, p=0.006) are significant in the model under review. But the path coefficients of attentional bias to relapse was not significant (β=0.14, p=113). Craving also mediated the relationship between risky decision-making, attentional bias, and reward sensitivity.

According to the results, risky decision making, attentional bias, reward sensitivity, and mediating role of craving can be used to predict the relapse of substance use. Therefore, it is suggested that addiction specialists use the results of the present study in their treatment programs and counseling.

One of the major factors affecting the development of any organization is its employeeschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) mental health. Due to the job sensitivity of nurses, it is necessary to pay attention to their mental health. The present study was to investigate the Prediction of nursechr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s mental health based spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction.

Research method is of descriptive type. The population of the research consists of nurses of medical educational centers of Ardabil (N = 1026). The statistical sample (n = 351) was specified by Morgan table and was selected through accidental class sampling method. To collect data, 3 standard questionnaires including SCL-25, SWLS and kingchr(chr('39')39chr('39')) spiritual intelligence were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and regression analysis) with the SPSS-22 software.

The analysis of the data showed that Spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction to be able to predict the mental health nurses. Form the components of Spiritual intelligence, two components: Transcendental Awareness (β =- 0.41) and Conscious State Expansion (β = -0.21), also spiritual intelligence (β = -0.30) and life satisfaction (β = -0.17) able to predict nursechr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s mental health.

Results of this study showed that Spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction can predict mental health among nurses, therefore it is essential that managers of health centers, planned to promote Spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction at their discretion. Through improving Spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction, improved mental health.

Substance abuse is one of the most widespread and costly health problems in modern societies. Customary medical treatments are often ineffective and relapse is prevalent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and mindfulness-based substance abuse treatment (MBSAT) to improve executive functions in adolescents with substance abuse.

The research design was experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. Sixty adolescents (aged 18-21) with substance abuse disorders were selected according to including and excluding criteria and randomly assigned into the tDCS group (n=20), MBSAT group (n=20) and control group (n=20). To collect data, we used of the neurosciences tasks including N-Back Test, Wisconsin card sorting test, Go/ No Go Task and Balloon Analogue Risk Taking Task (BART). Data analysis was performed using mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures in SPSS 22.

The results showed that both transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and mindfulness-based substance abuse treatment (MBSAT) therapy improved the executive functions of adolescents with substance abuse disorder. Analysis showed no significant difference between two treatments.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Mindfulness-Based Substance Abuse Treatment can be used as an effective intervention to improve executive functions in adolescents in adolescents with SUD.

The aim of the study was to comparing the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation, mindfulness-based substance abuse treatment and combined therapy of these two methods on emotion dysregulation in adolescents with Substance use disorders.

The present study is a quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Eighty adolescents (18-21 age) with substance abuse disorders were selected from adolescent camps under the supervision of the Ardabil Welfare Organization in 2018 according to including and excluding criteria and were selected and randomly divided into four groups: of transcranial direct current stimulation  (n=20), mindfulness-based substance abuse treatment (n=20), combination therapy (n=20)  and control group (n=20). The instruments used were Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Data analysis was performed using mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures in SPSS 22.

Results showed that all interventions (i.e., tDCS, MBSAT, Combination therapy) were significantly different compared to the control group. However, combination therapy had a larger effect size to reduced emotion dysregulation in adolescents with Substance use disorders (p<./05).          

Combined effects affirm that tDCS has more beneficial and durable therapeutic effects when combined with psychological interventions.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transcendental direct electric stimulation (TDCS) on improving cognitive functions and student problem solving. Its design includes pretest-posttest with a control group. The population of the study consisted of all male high school students in the academic year 2017-2018 (N=1029). 30 of them were selected by multistage cluster sampling. They were randomly divided into two groups of experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). TDCS was performed in 10 sessions for the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect the data, Montreal cognitive test and London Tower test were used. To test the research hypothesis, multivariate covariance analysis and one variable test were used. The results showed that TDCS increased the mean scores of cognitive functions and problem solving skills (p<.01). An over-speech direct electrical stimulation therapy can improve the students' cognitive functioning and problem solving skills.

The aimofthisstudy wasto determine the relationshipbetweendark triad personality traits and online self-disclosure.The present research is a correlational type of study. The population of the present study includes all B.Sc students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University, among them three hundred and seventy-five students (175 female and 200 male)were selected, using proportion-stratified random sampling method. They were asked to respond to self-disclosure (attitudes, interests, study, money, personality and body) and Dark Triad Personality (Narcissism, Machiavellism and Psychopath) Questionnaire.The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression.The results of Pearson correlation showed that there were positive correlations of machiavelism with subscales of study/work, personality, body and total self-disclosure, and psychopath with subscales of body and total self-disclosure. Finally the results showed that there were positive correlations of narcissism with subscales of interest and study/work, personality, body and total self-disclosure. The results of stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that among three dark personality traits, two personality traits, narcissism and machiavellism,were predictors of online self-disclosure. According to the results of the present study, the role of two dark triad personalities, narcissism and machiavellism, on internet self-disclosure was confirmed. This result can help internet users, especially students, to discover interests and personality characteristics of individuals with high internet self-disclosure in cyber atmosphere and increase knowledge and predict exploitation of these people.

The aim of the present study is to examine the effectiveness of trancecranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on reduction of craving, depression and anxiety in students with tramadol abuse.
This research is an experimental single subject (ABA) study. The population of this research is total students of tramadol abuser of Mohaghegh Ardabili University that among them, three students were selected by non-accidental sampling method that were volunteer to participate in this research. For gathering the data, Franken craving quesionnare (2002) and Lewinda depression anxiey scale (1995) were utilized. Treatment sessions of trancecranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in 10 sessions 20 minutes was performed which anode electrode was placed on left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) and cathode electrode was placed on right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F4) and 2M/A severity of electrical current was traced from scalp. According to being single subject of this research, for analyzing of data, procedural changes, slope, improvement percentage, and effect size level were used for every patient.
The results indicate the effectiveness of this method on reduction of craving, depression of tramadol abusers, therefore it is suggested for addiction therapist and psychotherapist to use trancecranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) as a intervention method in treatment of these patients.

Resilience is one of the important issues in health psychology. Many studies have examined the factors related to it. The aim of this study was to predict the resilience of primiparous women by emotional intelligence, and positive and negative affect.
This research is a descriptive cross–sectional study. The statistical populations consisted of all primiparous women in Ardabil in 2015. 122 women from birth control health centers were selected through available sampling method. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) were used for gathering the data. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions were used for data analysis by SPSS version 20.
The results revealed that there are significant relationships between emotional intelligence, and positive and negative affect with resilience (P According to the results of the present research, pregnant women who had more positive affect and emotional intelligence had more resilience.

This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy based on quality of life in improving opiate addicts’ quality of life. A quasi experimental research design long with control group and pre-test, post-test and follow-up was employed for the conduct of this study. All the opiate addicts referring to treatment centers of Ardebil city in 2013 constituted the statistical population of the study and the number of 36 participants was selected as the sample via purposive sampling and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Quality-of-life-based psychotherapy was conducted on the experimental group in 8 sessions while the control group received no intervention. Quality of life questionnaire was used for data collection purposes. The results suggested the effectiveness of the intervention in quality of life. This intervention, which is formed from the combination positive psychology and cognitive-behavioral approach, can be used as an effective treatment method.

In psychotherapy research mindfulness has been conceptualized as an enhanced state of self-awareness thought to promote well-being. This research studied the efficacy of Mindfulness Therapy Cognitive in reduction on Social Anxiety and Dysfunctional in Adolescent’s. The Method of This research is a experimental with control group study. Samples included 30 student in khoramabad city. Sampling method was head counting. At first, 357 person the student passed the Social Anxiety and Dysfunctional Attitude tests. Then, 30 student with the highest scores were selected as sample group and were divided randomly to two 15 member experimental and control groups. The experimental group received group mindfulness training in 8 sessions each lasted 90 minutes (one session each week). In the shape of grope After that, questionnaire was administrated again as the post-test to all samples. There was significant differences between increasing life expectation in both experimental and control groups. Mindfulness Therapy Cognitive increases psychological health in Adolescents.

Since possible causes, but no definitive causes, of bad sleep has been identified, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between depressions, alexithymia and sleep quality with descriptive-correlation method. This study descriptive correlational study was conducted on 120 (60 mal, 60 female) students of Tabriz University that were selected by random sampling. Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-21) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation test and multivariate regression analysis methods. There was a significant relationship between d epression and s leep quality in students, as well as between a lexithymia and its components. Multivariate regression analysis (step by step) showed that the two components of a lexithymia include: difficulty identifying feelings and d ifficulty describing feelings predicts of s leep quality. This study confirmed the relationship between depression and alexithymia via sleep quality.

The present study was carried out to examine the effectiveness of painting therapy in reducing aggression in children with conduct disorder. This study was a semi-experimental research (pretest-posttest with control group design) in which the statistical population consisted of thirty 8-12 year-old children with conduct disorder who were studying in Parsabad city in the academic year of 2013-2014 and were selected through convenience sampling method. Then, they were divided into two equal groups (experimental and control) using sample random sampling. The instruments for data collection consisted of Raven's intelligence test, child symptom inventory-4 and Eysenck aggression inventory. The experimental underwent painting therapy for 12 sessions and every session lasted 40 minutes. The obtained data were analyzed by ANCOVA and t-test for dependent and independent groups. There was not a significant difference between the mean aggression scores of experimental group in the post-test and follow up compared with pre-test. Also, a significant difference was reported between the mean aggression scores of experimental and control groups in post-test and follow up phases (P<0.05). Painting therapy is an effective method in reducing aggression in children with conduct disorder.

One of factors that involves in pregnant women with first experience, is psychological characteristics and ideas of these people. The current research was done to investigate the role of Meta cognitive beliefs and positive and negative affect in the fear of childbirth of pregnant women. This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The statistical populations consisted of pregnant women with first experience of Ardabil in 2014, in which number of 121 women who had their first experience of pregnancy, in birth control health centers were selected by simple available sampling. We used Questionnaire of Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire (CAQ), Meta Cognition Questionaire-30 (MCQ-30) and Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scales (PANAS) for collecting data. For data analysis Pearson correlation coefficient and enter regression by SPSS v.20 were used. The result showed that there is significant correlation between variables metacognitive beliefs and positive and negative affect with the Fear of childbirth in the pregnant women with first experience (P<0.05). Also, these variables can predict the Fear of childbirth in the pregnant women with first experience. In according to the role of psychological characteristics in the Fear of childbirth in the pregnant women with first experience, and mental and social changes induced in this period, the need for and guidance to learn about this course is necessary and improving the health of mothers and the quality of life in all stages of life.

Addiction influences on health due to its progressive nature in all aspects of life and affects psychological, physical, social, emotional, spiritual and cognitive health. The aim of this study was to determine the association of personality characteristics and family functioning with mental health in addicts. This correlational study was conducted on 94 male addicts that were selected by convenience sampling method from camps and addiction treatment centers in Ardabil during 2012. The measurement tools were the five-factor Personality Inventory (NEO), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the family assessment device (FAD). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. There were significant associations between 5 personality characteristics and most dimensions of family functioning and between mental health and all dimensions of family functioning. S tepwise regression analysis showed that agreeableness and neuroticism factors could predict family functioning in addicts. High neuroticism score was related to low family functioning and high agreeableness was related to better family functioning. These two variables explained 14 % of the changes in family functioning. Total family functioning and communication factor could predict mental health in addicts. These two variables explained 22 % of the changes in mental health. With regards to the results, members of the treatment team can facilitate prevention, treatment and rehabilitation programs in addicts by identifying common characteristics, personality traits, supportive systems and mental health and quality of life promotion systems for addicts.

The aim of this study to sleep quality and general health among the Elderly Residing at Home and at Old People''s Homes. The subjects were 100 old people from Tabriz city 50 residing at home and 50 at old people''s homes. The subjects Elderly Residing at Home and at Old People''s Homes were selected through availability non-random method. In order to collect data، General Health and sleep quality Questionnaire was used. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to analyze data. Findings showed that there were significant difference between nursing home residents and elderly residents in nursing homes In terms of general health and its components (Physical symptoms، anxiety، social dysfunction and depression) and Sleep quality and its components (Subjective quality of sleep، time for sleep، total sleep time، sleep efficiency، routine، sleep disorders، sleep medications and daily dysfunction) in both groups. indicate that elderly residents in nursing home are experiencing more symptoms of anxiety، depression، physical symptoms and social dysfunction Compared with the elderly whom resident at home. Also the results showed that the elderly residents of nursing homes have poor sleep quality than ones whom residents at home. On the other hand Future development of elderly care institution is inevitable. Therefore، more attention to the living conditions of elderly residents of institutions seems necessary.

The aim of the present research was to determine the relationship of metacognitive states, perceived instrumentality and parental goal emphasis with academic achievement in learning disabilities students. The population of this study includes all learning disabilities students of Korramabad enrolled in the 2011-2012 academic year. The research sample consisted of 81 students who were selected through convenience sampling. To collect the data, metacognitive states questionnaire, perceived instrumentality and Parental goal emphases questionnaire were used. The results of Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that predictor variables (metacognitive states, perceived instrumentality and parental goal emphases) are positively associated with criterion variable (academic achievement) (p<0/001). Multiple regression analysis showed metacognitive awareness variable and planning from component of metacognitive beliefs, and components of parent's goal emphases (mastery and performance) to be predictors of academic achievement in learning disabilities students. These results have applied implications for intervention programming and remedial training for learning disorders.

This study is aimed to predict substance abuse from child and adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. To this purpose 361 students were selected via stratified random sampling from different faculties of Tabriz University and completed Canners Adult ADHD Rating scale-self report Form & Subscale Questionnaire, Wender Utah Rating Scale, Addiction Acknowledgment Scale & Mac Andrew Alcoholism-Revised Scale. To analyze the data Pearson correlation and multiple regressions (step by step) were used. Results indicated that there is significant relation between addiction acknowledgment and alcoholism via child and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Also, results indicated that child and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms predicted addiction acknowledgment and alcoholism. According to this results these can be explained that behavioral disorders, especially ADHD have effect in tendency to drug and therefore primary treatments of behavioral disorders can prevent drug abuse.

Depression is a common disorder in psychology. Theory of mind abilities affected and lack of normal emotion regulation strategies have been reported in depressed patients. So this study compared the patterns of deficit in theory of mind and emotion regulation in patients with major depression disorder and normal group. This study was cross-sectional and conducted on 40 depressed patients and 50 normal individuals. Depressed patients were selected among patients referred to a psychiatric clinic by access sampling method and depression was diagnosed by a psychiatrist and controls were recruited from University of Tabriz staff. Data was collected through the two scales of mind reading with eyes test and emotion regulation questionnaire and then compared. Mean score of subjects in the study variables, theory of mind (depressed: 12.35±2.47 and normal subjects: 21.30±2.47), re-evaluation (depressed: 18.50±4.86 and normal subjects: 25.95±4.53) and emotion suppression (depressed: 28.85±5.88 and normal subjects: 15.60±2.60) obtained. Thus, depressed patients in compared to normal group in the theory of mind and re-evaluation achieved lower score and in emotional suppression achieved higher score. The results showed that in the patients with depression compared with normal individuals, theory of mind is damaged and depressed patients use more maladaptive strategies of emotion suppression and less adaptive strategies of re-evaluation.

Quality of life and Type-D personality as well as other psychological factors affect coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. This study was carried out to investigate the relationship of quality of life and Type-D personality with coronary heart disease.

In a case-control study، 60 patients with coronary heart disease (30 males، 30 females) who had presented to Shahid Madani Hospital in the city of Tabriz were compared with 60 controls (30 males، 30 females) who were selected using convenience sampling، and were matched with each other on some of demographic factors. Data were gathered using Short-form heath survey 36 items (SF36) and Type-D Personality Inventory، and were analyzed via analytic tests in SPSS v. 20.

Finding showed that CHD patients (Men: 107/73± 21/58، Women: 95/96± 13/049) had lower quality of life in comparison with controls (Men: 14/96± 4/46، Women: 103/82±13/06) and had higher Negative affect (Men: 14/96±4/46، Women: 16/62±3/64) in comparison with controls (Men: 12/50±2/41، Women: 12/92±4/46). 26 percent of the variance related to the development of CHD was due to happinen، negative affect، physical pain and physical limitations. Also MANOVA results showed that womens cores were less than men in all aspects of quality of life. (p<0/001)

There is a significant relationship between quality of life and type-D personality with incidence and duration of coronary heart disease. So، using psychological interventions seems be necessary in reduction of mentioned variables.

The purpose of this study was to compare boredom and its components (internal stimuli and external stimuli) in students with mathematics disorder, attention deficit (hyperactivity disorder) and normal people in Tabriz city. This is a comparative case-control study. The statistical universe of this research includes all 12-16 year-old male and female students with mathematics disorder, attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder and normal people in Tabriz city during the academic year 1390-1391. For this purpose, 30 students with mathematics disorder, and 30 students with attention deficit disorder/ hyperactivity referred to specialized clinics (ages between 9-12 years) were selected through sampling. The normal group included 35 students who were enrolled in regular schools after being matched in terms of demographic characteristics with the other two groups were randomly selected. To collect data, Boredom questionnaires, the parents form of Conner’s scale and Raven test was used. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference between the three groups of students in terms of boredom. So people with attention deficit disorder and mathematics disorder/ hyperactivity showed, higher levels of impatience than normal individuals. But between the two groups of people with attention deficit disorder and mathematics disorder/ hyperactivity, significant differences were observed.

There are presumptive relations between psychological and neuropsychological factors and primary hypertension. This study tried to determine the effect of stress stimulus on blood pressure and heart rate in patients with essential hypertension underlying neurophysiological these factors.

In a case - control study، 50 patients with essential hypertension (25 patients BIS and 25 patients BAS). First، blood pressure and heart rate were recorded as baseline without any stimulus. Then stressful stimuli was induced for each of the subjects after stimuli inducing re-measured blood pressure and heart rate and recorded. Data analysis was performed by descriptive method and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

The study results showed that stressful stimuli affect the blood pressure and heart rate after stressful stimuli. BIS patients gathered more score in regard to their diastolic blood pressure and heart rate increment than BAS patients.

Based on our results we can say that negative emotions in patients with BIS than BAS، patients can experience and these negative emotions can cause hypertension in these patients.

This study investigated the relationship between personality dimensions، emotional intelligence and exhaustion in nurses.

For this purpose، 250 nurses with more than 5 years job experience chosen by random sampling method. They were examined by personality characteristics questioner of NEO-PIR، Bradbury – Graves`s Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and Maslach`s Job Burnout Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Pearson`s Correlation test and multivariate Regression analysis methods.

Result showed that there is significant relationship between personality dimensions and job burnout in nurses، as well as between emotional intelligence and its components. Multivariate regression analysis showed that personality traits and emotional intelligence predict probabity of burnout. Finally، from dimensions of personality، only neuroticism could predict burnout.

these findings suggest that personality and emotional intelligence have important role in job burnout، therefore these psychological factors should be considered in prevention، diagnosis، and treatment of nurses with job burnout.

The aim of this study is Prediction of single mother vulnerability against stress based on rate of social support and coping styles, locus of control. For this reason, simple randomly 250 single mother selected among total single mother of shiraz city selected, for data gathering used khodayari farad’s stress symptoms questioners, Lazarus /Folkman coping style questioners, Rater’s locus of control and Duck’s social support questioners multivariate analysis of variance and multiple regression with SPSS were analyzed. Results show that is significantly coping styles varieties (approach / avoidances, expose, social support seeking and social support varieties separately and interactional, can predict changes of dependence varieties (vulnerability against stress Prevent psychological harm to women-headed households, need to be given the resources and social support networks.