جواد معدنی

The sustainable development of rural tourism is a multifaceted and very important phenomenon. Today, most countries are trying to use the capacity and potential of rural areas to create sustainable development of rural tourism. However, this category has different contexts and approaches, and different factors play a role. The main goal of the current research is to identify and explain multiple functional and non-functional factors in the sustainable development of rural tourism in the villages of Sarein, which has been investigated using a mixed method. The approach used in this research is a partially mixed sequential dominant status design, which takes place in two qualitative-qualitative phases. In the first phase, using the scope review qualitative method, relevant indicators have been identified and counted from related studies, and in the second phase, using the Delphi qualitative method, multiple functional and non-functional roles in the field of sustainable development of rural tourism have been explained from the perspective of experts have become. Based on the research findings, 17 related internal and external studies were identified in the first phase, and their confirmation indicators were extracted using the scope method. In the second phase, by holding three consecutive Delphi rounds, 12 experts categorized functional and non-functional indicators into six components and 81 indicators. According to the present research results, the sustainable development of rural tourism in Sarein is due to various causes and factors, each of which has multiple impacts and impressions. Rural tourism, as a huge and rich potential in various fields, has a developmental and reconstructive role in the villages of Sarein, and paying attention to its functional components can bring all-round rural development and progress and adopting measures for management and control of non-functional components also prevent other harms and threats.

Green transformational leadership is a type of organizational leadership that can effectively foster innovative and environmentally friendly ideas among employees. The primary objective of this research is to examine the impact of green transformational leadership on employees' green creativity, with a focus on the mediating roles of green intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in 21st-century organizations. This study is classified as applied research and utilizes a descriptive-survey methodology. A standard questionnaire was employed, drawing on established research: green creativity from Chen and Chang (2013), green transformational leadership from Zhang (2020), and green intrinsic motivation from Deci (2015) and Amabile et al. (1994). The statistical population consists of managers and employees from the Sports and Youth Department of Alborz Province. Given the limited size of the population, the sample size was calculated using Cohen's formula, resulting in 51 returned questionnaires. Data collected through the questionnaire were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS 17.0 and SPSS 26 software. The findings indicate that green transformational leadership has a direct and significant impact on employees' green creativity. Additionally, both green intrinsic and extrinsic motivation serve as mediating variables that strengthen the relationship between green transformational leadership and employees' green creativity. The results highlight that the green transformational leadership style and its associated variables are crucial factors influencing employees' green creativity. Green transformational leaders can enhance this creativity by fostering both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation among their employees, thereby contributing positively to organizational development and excellence.

By entering the new era, issues and challenges arise for organizations that pose risks and challenges to both individuals, organizations and society. One of the ominous and sinister phenomena of this age is the concept of organizational disidentification. Organizational disidentification is opposed to the concept of organizational identity, which has many disadvantages and negative consequences. The main goal of the current research is to explain the phenomenon of organizational disidentification and its role in the emergence of dysfunctional human resource actions, which has been investigated using a mixed method. According to the type, fundamental and the method used in the present research, it is a mixed method that has benefited from the nested approach at the same time. In the first stage, using the qualitative method of the panel of experts, thematic axes for interviews have been extracted, and in the second stage, using the qualitative method of the foundation's data theory, the components and indicators of this field have been identified. The tool for collecting information in both methods was semi-structured interviews that were collected from academic and administrative-executive experts. According to the findings of the research, in the first phase, 9 themes were extracted, which were used as semi-structured interviews in the second phase, that is, the qualitative method of grounded theory. In the second step, using Strauss and Corbin's systematic approach, all propositions were coded, which resulted in a total of 336 open codes, 116 central codes, and 21 selective codes. According to the results .

Rural participation and development is one of the most important concepts that have been discussed and investigated since a long time ago. The development of sustainable employment is focused on economic growth and sustainable rural development, which in connection with rural tourism can be fruitful in the direction of sustainable rural development. The purpose of the current research is to investigate the role of participation and rural development in rural tourism and the development of sustainable employment with the application of the rural multifunctionality index, which examines the issue using a mixed method.

This research, in terms of purpose is applid, and the research method used in it is a mixed that in the first phase, using the qualitative method of the expert panel, the opinions and consensus of the experts were collected and analyzed in order to extract the .....

Given the rapid pace of change we currently experience, adopting a sound approach to rural governance can lay the foundation for creating sustainable and inclusive communities. This study aimed to identify the key drivers and effective strategies for enhancing the performance of good governance indicators in rural management within Ardabil Province. Applying a future-oriented research approach, the study followed an applied and mixed research method, employing a sequential exploratory approach. In the initial phase, the qualitative Delphi method was used, involving a survey of experts (comprising 28 individuals) associated with the research topic. This phase extracted the factors and variables that contributed to good rural governance. Subsequently, the scenario planning method was applied, utilizing the weight approach in consultation with experts. The software tool of MICMAC was employed to identify the driving factors, while the Scenario Wizard software was used to analyze future scenarios. Initially, 12 key factors were identified, which were later consolidated into 10 factors due to overlap. A total of 26 potential situations were considered for these key factors. The software generated 902 scenarios, of which 16 were deemed valid with 3 scenarios demonstrating high compatibility. The results obtained highlighted the system's instability with the most significant impact attributed to the transparency index, central justice, and accountability. The decision-making influence exerted by influential groups in rural management created a critical situation across all three scenarios, emphasizing the crucial role of public oversight and participation of villagers in advancing the goals of good rural governance.

Social tourism is one of the most important types of tourism that is considered by many communities. This type of tourism is an area where the poor and needy can have the opportunity to have their vacation and leisure at an affordable price. This category can have a special impact on the development and improvement of social welfare of disadvantaged groups. The main purpose of this study is to identify and explain the key and effective drivers of social tourism in the development and improvement of social welfare of disadvantaged groups, which is centered on the cities of Ardabil province. The research method is a mixed method that examines the subject using a sequential exploratory approach. In this research, two methods of "content analysis and scenario planning" have been used, respectively. The main tool used in the qualitative phase is a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative phase is a questionnaire, which was extracted from 8 experts in the qualitative phase and 11 in the quantitative phase, respectively. According to the research findings, in the qualitative phase, 57 basic themes, 23 organizing themes, 4 global themes were identified and extracted, and they went to the next stage to explain and identify key and effective drivers. According to the results, the key and effective

In the current changing and changing conditions, it is inevitable to adopt innovation and digital transformation in the field of public services. For this reason, in this research, the critical success factors of innovation and digital transformation in the public services of government organizations were identified and explained.

In terms of its purpose, the current research is an applied research with a mixed approach, and in the first stage, the qualitative method of the focus group and in the second stage, the quantitative survey method were used. The data collection tools included semi-structured interviews in the first stage and questionnaires in the second stage. In the first step, by using the purposeful sampling method and conducting expert interviews, dimensions, components and related indicators were extracted, and in the next step, by using stratified sampling, the opinions of 25 people regarding the dimensions and components of the first step were used. The validity and reliability of the research tool was confirmed through discriminant validity (Fornell and Larcker) and composite reliability.

The final propositions of the research were classified into three "key, unifying and macro" categories using the King and Harrocks coding method and the inductive approach. According to the research findings, out of 157 initial statements, 84 key categories; 29 integrative categories and 5 overarching categories were extracted and in the second phase, all the integrative and overarching categories were confirmed from the perspective of experts.

According to the results of the present research, innovation and digital transformation in public services in public organizations leads to better progress of the affairs and mutual relations of organizations with different stakeholders, which can ultimately create the potential of transformation, optimal management, excellence and improvement in public services.

Spatial analysis of tourist attractions is one of the most important measures that are carried out in order to investigate and explore tourism capacity. The purpose of this research is the spatial analysis of the tourist attractions of Ardabil city, which investigates and analyzes this category using the Moran's model. The current research is of applied type and its method is survey. Related data and information have been collected through library studies and document analysis, in parallel with that, using a questionnaire, 32 experts in the field of tourism and geography expressed their opinions regarding the indicators. Probability sampling method is stratified sampling. According to the research findings, Moran's value for the tourist attractions of Ardabil city is about 0.276639 and while all the coefficients in the spatial delay model, spatial error model, ordinary least squares are significant, the natural attractions of Ardabil city have the highest values. From the results of the present research, it can be pointed out that in the context of the city under study, the relationship between cultural, historical and natural tourism attractions with the flow of tourists is positive and significant, and all relevant models confirm this positive relationship and it is necessary According to the priority of the attractions, basic and relevant measures can be taken.

In recent years, there have been increasing concerns about political issues in the governance debate. Different countries are required to establish sound governance in order to develop and improve their conditions. Sound governance is the newest type of governance that strives to improve the capacity of the government, people and various institutions to solve problems and create development. The main purpose of the current research is to investigate and identify the dimensions, components and indicators of sound governance in the context of public policy, which is investigated using the qualitative approach of the grounded theory. The current research is basic and the research method used in it is qualitative. Its participants are experts from academic fields and government organizations who have several years of scientific and executive experience in this field. These people were identified and interviewed using the purposeful sampling method, and according to the rule of theoretical saturation, 12 experts participated in semi-structured interviews, whose statements were categorized in the form of propositions, and used for analysis in the next steps. Each of the propositions were categorized according to the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin in the form of 103 open codes, 39 central codes and 10 selective codes. From the results of the present research, it can be pointed out the important role of sound governance in creating innovative and new forms of collective action with the aim of solving complex public policy issues, contributing to public knowledge, providing effective public services, sustainable development, citizen-oriented, etc. There are a set of results from the evolution of sound governance in the context of public policy.

Today, in all organizations, knowledge management and human resources management are seen as complementary concepts. Knowledge-based human resources management is one of the main and basic requirements of public organizations that has been implemented and used in many societies. The main purpose of this research is to provide a pattern of knowledge-based human resource management in public organizations. This research is applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of methodology. The approach used in the research is a sequential explanatory approach in which quantitative data and information are first collected and analyzed, and then qualitative information is examined. In the first phase of the study, the quantitative content analysis method was used, and in the second phase, the qualitative method of grounded theory was used to design the relevant pattern. According to the findings of the research, in the first phase, among 214 related researches, 28 main researches or criteria were identified and analyzed. In the second phase, data and information were extracted through targeted sampling from 12 experts in this field using semi-structured interviews. Extracted propositions were coded using the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin, and finally, 137 open codes, 63 central codes and 20 selective codes were obtained. According to the resulting pattern, it can be concluded that knowledge-based human resources is dependent on human resource management methods, which includes a set of methods used by the organization to manage human resources by facilitating the development of competencies and knowledge management, while creating knowledge-based intellectual.

Nowadays, tourism is one of the important sources of income and one of the effective factors in development and progress in countries. In this connection, rural tourism is of special importance as one of the main types of tourism. Therefore, knowing the obstacles and driving factors of this type of tourism is of special necessity. The current research has been done with the aim of identifying and explaining the factors driving and inhibiting the development of rural tourism from the perspective of experts, who have investigated the issue using a mixed method. The sequential research approach is an exploratory one that is carried out in two qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, using the scoping review method, the main variables and indicators were identified, and then in the quantitative phase, they were analyzed and investigated using the survey method and the questionnaire tool. According to the findings of the qualitative phase, 4 criteria and 43 sub-criteria were identified among 53 related researches. In the quantitative phase, specialists and experts in the field of tourism and rural planning commented on the approval and prioritization of each factor, and all the factors were approved in their opinion. The present study showed that various aspects promoting or hindering the development of rural tourism, including social, economic and environmental aspects of tourism development in Nir city, are considered with acceptable amounts. Therefore, the concept of rural tourism development should be effectively implemented throughout the region and existing gaps to support rural tourism development should be addressed.

Spa tourism or hydrotherapy is one of the oldest and most attractive types of tourism and is still implemented today with different approaches and methods. The city of Sareyn, which is one of the most important cities providing Spa tourism services in Iran, has been considered as the subject of this research. The main goal of the current research is to develop a model for evaluating the performance of Spa tourism destination, which for the first time uses the perspective of both the expert community and the host community. The current research is mixed in nature, which used the qualitative method of expert panel in the first phase and the quantitative survey method in the second phase. The tool for collecting information in the first phase is semi-structured interviews and in the second phase, a questionnaire. In the first phase, two groups of experts and the local community of Sareyn city were used to count the indicators and components by using the Convenience and Purposive sampling method; Then, in the second phase, using stratified sampling, 31 experts expressed their opinions regarding the extracted cases. The resulting data were analyzed using SPSS26 and Smart PLS4 software. According to the findings of the research, 142 raw propositions were extracted, which were categorized into 84 key codes, 34 integrative and 5 overarching codes using the King and Harrocks coding method. In the quantitative phase, all the indicators and components were approved and generalized by selected experts. According to the results of the present research, the evaluation of the performance of the spa tourism destination can provide information regarding the existing gaps and gaps while considering the capacities and potentials of the destination. This category makes the evaluation of the activities that lead to the creation of a competitive advantage in t..

The significant effects of the corona infectious disease require fundamental changes in various fields such as the health tourism industry, which are more and more important in the post-corona era. Health tourism is one of the most important types of tourism in our country. Now, it should be checked what the status of this important industry will be in the post-corona era. Therefore, the main goal of the current research is to analyze the health tourism situation of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the post-corona era, which takes a futuristic view. The method of the current research is mixed that investigates the issue using a sequential exploratory approach. In this research, two methods of "scope review and scenario planning" have been used, respectively. According to the findings of the first phase, 6 components and 55 main indicators were extracted from among 58 qualified researches, and 25 main indicators were considered as the drivers of this field in the review through the expert panel process. In the second phase, using the quantitative method of scenario planning, four main scenarios were compiled, which are in the form of the health tourism situation of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the post-corona era. From the results of the current research, we can point out the role of each of the scenarios in different situations, which can create sustainable health tourism in the country in the best and most favorable possible state.

The sustainable development of rural areas is one of the main programs of governments, which has been receiving attention for a long time. Sustainable development in villages can bring a lot of benefits in different economic, social, political, etc. dimensions. The main goal of the current research is to identify and prioritize effective approaches in order to create sustainable development in rural areas. The current research method is mixed, which investigates the issue using a sequential exploratory approach. In the first phase, the qualitative method of the focus group was used, and the corresponding codes were extracted by using semi-structured interviews and forming three consecutive groups. Then, in the second phase, each of the themes and indicators was prioritized using the quantitative weighting assignment (WA) method. The participants of both phases were from the academic and executive fields, and the first phase, used the purposive sampling method; in the second phase, interviews and questionnaires were collected using the stratified sampling method. According to the research findings, 134 primary codes, 46 key codes, 20 integrative codes, and 4 overarching categories were extracted, which are the main components and indicators of sustainable development in rural areas, which are considered as development bridges. From the results of the present research, the importance of supporting entrepreneurship and rural empowerment projects; providing long-term and easily accessible banking facilities and services; Rural strategic planning and management; and Improving the mechanism and necessary fields for attracting capital in the rural environment pointed out that they can provide favorable conditions for the implementation of various plans and projects in order to create sustainable development in rural areas.

In recent years, rural areas have become important places with great potential to create significant synergies to achieve sustainable rural development. However, in achieving sustainable rural development, there are obstacles that must be scientifically and carefully investigated and implemented. In most developing countries, the Rural Development Degree (RDD) largely reflects the degree of socio-economic development and national modernization. According to the latest statistics announced by Iran Statistics Center, about 74 percent of the country's population lives in urban areas and less than 26 percent in rural areas. These official statistics show that despite the excessive migration to cities and the existence of numerous problems in the villages, nearly 30 percent of the country's population still lives in the villages, and paying attention to the sustainable development of these areas is one of the main needs of these areas.For a long time, rural areas have been considered the most important economic activity for centuries. For this reason, many countries are trying to create sustainable development in villages by adopting different strategies and programs. Rural development is a set of activities and actions of different actors - individuals, organizations, and groups - which together lead to progress in rural areas. Therefore, in this research, the main goal is to identify and prioritize effective solutions to create sustainable development in rural areas, which takes place in the context of development and related concepts.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and of a mixed type. The approach used in it is a sequential exploratory approach that is carried out in two qualitative and quantitative phases. Thus, in the first phase, using the qualitative method of "focus group", through semi-structured interviews, the desired information is collected and categorized in the form of themes; Then in the second phase, that is, the quantitative phase; Using the quantitative Weighting Assignment (WA) Method, each of the themes have been approved or rejected by experts. Due to the limitations of access to some experts and the spread of the coronavirus, the online focus group method was used in this research, and the interviews were collected in the online environment of one of the social applications. Semi-structured interviews were collected between May 2021 and April 2022. The geographical area under study is the villages of Alborz province, and each of the experts has full knowledge about the characteristics of this province and most of its villages. Three main categories were involved in these groups. The first group includes 6 experts in the field of urban and rural management and planning; The second group consists of 5 experts in public administration and sustainable development, and the third group, which is a collective group, consists of 8 experts in geography, urban and rural planning, and village executives who have executive and academic experience in this field in each of the interviews, the raw data were extracted independently and the initial reflections were discussed and using the "three-axis coding framework" in accordance with the inductive approach (moving from part to whole), the process of coding and extracting themes began, and continued until the theoretical saturation stage.

In the first phase, themes and indicators were extracted using semi-structured interviews. The main topic of each interview was done with reference to rural development evaluation indicators. And each of the interviews of the first, second, and third categories were conducted and analyzed in line with these axes. The time of each interview was 1 to 2 hours, which was recorded and transcribed. The reason for using semi-structured interviews was that the researcher used a semi-structured interview guide with pre-planned instructions to ensure that the same main questions were asked for all groups. Also, the index items of rural development evaluation were given to the relevant experts before the start of the focus group meeting. Finally, 134 primary or raw codes, 46 key codes, 20 Integrative codes, and 4 overarching codes were extracted.After collecting the interviews; According to the three-axis coding framework, primary codes are extracted first, and then it is time to categorize the centralized codes and finally systematic coding. In the following, the themes (components) and indicators of creating sustainable development in rural areas are stated. It should be noted that the indicators are the result of systematic coding, And the components or themes are the result of the classification of systematic codes. Four main themes or components have been identified with 20 related indicators, which are the components and indicators of creating sustainable development in rural areas, according to the quantitative phase, all the components were approved by the experts.

Achieving the sustainable development of rural areas is not only a big challenge for the development of rural areas, but also the vision and goal of the future development of rural areas, especially for our country, Iran, where a large number of its population lives in villages. The above themes and indicators, each of which can play a role as bridges for sustainable rural development, suggest different approaches in this field. In relation to smart rural governance and grassroots people, which was raised as one of the main themes; In our country, it has been emphasized many times that the crisis is lurking in the villages and good governance should be the priority of the government. Sustainable rural development, while creating such economic and social structures that can generate income for residents, meet their diverse approaches and needs, and improve access to public goods and services, and at the same time, the negative effects of phenomena such as weak rural economy, unemployment, migration unreasonably reduce the cities and even old and new theories confirm these things. Sustainable rural development can be developed in different ways. According to the first theme, the smart village is one of the things that seems to be useful in the current conditions of the country.

The development of sustainable rural tourism is known as a desirable goal in the development of sustainable tourism due to the addition of the concept of sustainability to rural tourism. But this sustainable development can have negative effects on the environment. For this reason, it is necessary to look at this category with a comprehensive and inclusive perspective. The development of rural tourism is very important for rural areas, because it can help solve economic and social problems, which in turn helps to maintain the local population in permanent places of residence and, as a result, improve. For a long time, rural tourism has been considered to have unique advantages in helping rural areas to get rid of poverty, attracting surplus rural labor, inheriting the culture of rural characteristics, optimizing the rural industrial structure and improving facilities, etc. This category is because rural tourism and related concepts have a wide perspective and scope. In recent years, the rapid development of rural tourism has caused researchers to pay more attention to it and conduct a large number of scientific studies and researches in this field. The increase in tourism activities in rural areas causes the weather, the land to be increasingly at risk of pollution due to the creation of tourism infrastructure and facilities, as well as the damage caused by tourism business activities that meet the needs of tourists. The development of rural tourism inevitably has negative effects on the destination's environment and resources, such as overcrowding, water pollution, waste production, and vegetation destruction. The question of how to reduce the conflict between environmental sustainability and local economic interests has become an important issue in the development of rural tourism. However, the environment and natural resources are essential for the development of rural tourism. In fact, both ignorance and obvious disregard for environmental protection seriously weaken the attractiveness of destinations. Improving and preserving the natural environment and ecosystem is useful for maintaining the competitiveness of rural tourism destinations and achieving sustainable development of rural tourism. It must rely on the joint efforts of residents and tourists. Many studies have investigated how to encourage residents to show environmentally responsible behaviors and green consumption of tourists. In rural tourism, local residents play an essential role in preserving the environment because their behavior and daily activities directly affect the ecological integrity of the destination. The main goal of this research is to investigate the factors influencing the development of sustainable and environmentally preserver rural tourism.

In terms of the basical purpose and the research method used in this research, the qualitative method is the foundational data theory. This type of research is in search of discovering facts and realities and knowledge of phenomena and objects, which expand the boundaries of general human knowledge and discover scientific laws and explain the characteristics and attributes of a reality. In the system of elements of sustainable development of rural tourism, the factors are interdependent, mutual and corresponding. Thematic research of sustainable development not only requires the good performance of one factor, but also the compatibility between factors. In addition, disruption in any factor may lead to weakening or even failure of the entire rural tourism system. Only by explaining the logical relationship and hierarchical context between the factors can one understand the working mechanism of the rural tourism system and have a deeper understanding of the various problems facing sustainable development. As a result, the coordination and corresponding relationship between the factors can be adjusted to achieve the goal of sustainable rural tourism development. Therefore, it is necessary to use qualitative methods such as foundational data theory to examine the conceptual link of these elements. In this research, using purposive sampling, experts in the field of rural management and planning, tourism, environmental management have been used as participants in semi-structured interviews.

According to the findings of the research, the codings were done using the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin, and finally, 122 preliminary propositions were extracted. Following an inductive approach (moving from part to whole), the statements extracted were categorized into 83 open codes, 49 axial codes, and 20 selective codes. From the results of the present research, it can be pointed out the effective role of each of the influential factors in the development of sustainable rural tourism and environmental protection, which are presented in the form of the concept of green rural tourism. In fact, green rural tourism can protect the environment while developing sustainable rural tourism, and it is expected that the components of this type of tourism can include sustainable and responsible tourism approaches and create an effective discourse strategy.According to the findings of the research, the codings were done using the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin, and finally, 122 preliminary propositions were extracted. Following an inductive approach (moving from part to whole), the statements extracted were categorized into 83 open codes, 49 axial codes, and 20 selective codes. From the results of the present research, it can be pointed out the effective role of each of the influential factors in the development of sustainable rural tourism and environmental protection, which are presented in the form of the concept of green rural tourism. In fact, green rural tourism can protect the environment while developing sustainable rural tourism, and it is expected that the components of this type of tourism can include sustainable and responsible tourism approaches and create an effective discourse strategy.According to the findings of the research, the codings were done using the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin, and finally, 122 preliminary propositions were extracted. Following an inductive approach (moving from part to whole), the statements extracted were categorized into 83 open codes, 49 axial codes, and 20 selective codes. From the results of the present research, it can be pointed out the effective role of each of the influential factors in the development of sustainable rural tourism and environmental protection, which are presented in the form of the concept of green rural tourism. In fact, green rural tourism can protect the environment while developing sustainable rural tourism, and it is expected that the components of this type of tourism can include sustainable and responsible tourism approaches and create an effective discourse strategy.

Today, geotourism and geosites are an important solution for economic development and one of the important ways of generating income for different regions and countries, which has been less addressed and therefore remains abandoned and unknown. Accordingly, considering the importance of the issue, In the present study, Babolrud basin was investigated due to the presence of many geosites and geotourist potentials. In order to know and study its tourist areas, in this research, 8 geosites are included (Babolsar Suspension Bridge, Babolsar Cable Bridge, Babolsar Rubber Dam (Arabkhel), Haft Tirkan Waterfalls). , Sajjadroud, Guru spa, Terez waterfall, Sanbalroud earthen dam) have been investigated and evaluated. According to what was said, the current research is practical and of a descriptive-survey type, in which the method of data collection was document and survey using a questionnaire of experts and tourists; Also, to analyze the data, M-GAM model and statistical tests using SPSS.26 have been used, and the findings show that according to the overall average and the resulting ranking, the geosite of Sanbalroud earthen dam is ranked first in terms of geotourism potential. After that, there are Terez waterfall, Grove waterfall and suspension bridge, and the cable bridge with a score of 74.87 has been assigned the last rank in terms of geosite characteristics for the development of geotourism in Babalrood basin, and the final results have shown that there is a lot of room for improving geotourism. In these places, especially in terms of tourism value

The COVID-19 pandemic created significant challenges for urban tourism, and its negative consequences caused countries to seek effective measures for the post-disease period. One of the most important of them is scenario planning; the main purpose of this research is to compile the future scenarios of urban tourism in the post-corona era, which was done with a focus on Sareyn. The research method is combined or mixed, which is carried out using a sequential exploratory approach in two qualitative-quantitative phases. The methods used in this research are "theme analysis and scenario planning." The statistical population of the research includes a multi-core team of experts in urban tourism, urban management, geography, public administration, and public health, who are also familiar with the conditions and status of Sareyn. These people are identified through the purposeful sampling method. According to the findings of the research, in the first phase, which was carried out using the theme analysis method, the themes extracted from the semi-structured interviews are in the form of 39 basic themes, 14 organizing themes, and 3 inclusive themes, which will go to the next stage to identify the drivers. Based on the findings of the quantitative phase of the research, four scenarios were identified, which are the reduction of restrictions and smart health screening, health tourism (treatment), green zoning, and mandatory lockdown. According to the results, the scenarios of "reducing restrictions and smart health screening - health tourism (treatment)" are, respectively, the most favorable and relatively favorable, and "green zoning - forced lock" scenarios are categorized as relatively unfavorable and most unfavorable situations. By adopting the relevant scenarios and properly managing urban tourism and its consequences, the post-disease period can also be considered an opportunity for urban tourism that brings new and desirable solutions to the fore.

The third millennium is the era of fundamental changes and transformations. These changes have affected all aspects and dimensions of organizations. Therefore, in order to adapt to these developments; the structures and architecture of organizations have also changed. Multipurpose organizations are the newest types of organizations that have emerged in the present era. While maintaining the existing situation, these organizations are taking steps towards their development and transcendent, which are dynamic and flexible organizations. The main goal of the current research is to identify and explain the dimensions and components of the concept of multi-purpose organization, which can be effective in creating transcendent and development-oriented organizations of the third millennium. The current research is of basic type and investigates the issue using the qualitative method of grounded theory. The participants of the research are professors and experts in the field of organization basics and management, organizational structure, development management, and transcendent management, who were selected using theoretical sampling. The main tool used in this research is a semi-structured interview that was collected from 13 experts in this field and analyzed using the approach of Strauss and Corbin. According to the findings of the research, after analyzing the collected interviews, 106 open codes, 42 central codes and 19 selective codes were obtained, which were categorized in six main categories. The results of the present research show that in the third millennium, multi-purpose organizations will be the new generation of organizations that, by turning to the chaotic and changing conditions of the current world, while maintaining the status quo, will step towards the desired situation and continuously seek development and transcendent.

Corruption is a phenomenon that has existed for a long time in various forms. One of the cases where the possibility of corruption is high is the joint projects of the private and public sectors. Therefore, states try to take measures to deal with it by using different and effective approaches and mechanisms. The main goal of the research is to developing a framework for improving administrative integrity in public-private Partnerships, which has investigated the issue by turning to the comparative approach. The current research is qualitative in terms of its basic purpose and in terms of the nature of the data, and the research method used in that qualitative method is "thick description". Using the 9 steps, the researcher has attempted to calculate the key approaches and identify the main factors and components, according to the findings of the research, 11 main components in relation to the framework for improving administrative integrity in public-private Partnerships were identified. The results of the current research show that the formation of a specialized coalition, the use of information technology and management information systems, creating conditions for monitoring and public Partnerships; And finally, the formation of a specialized steering committee can be effective in the fight against administrative corruption in joint projects of the private and public sectors.

As a multifaceted phenomenon, tourism has traditionally existed in different dimensions and areas of society. On the other hand, there are some basic concepts in sociology such as social capital, which, together with the concept of tourism, can foster social development and evolution. Therefore, this study sought to develop a model in terms of a conceptual link between tourism and social capital to be used for the development and evolution of society using mixed-method research. To this end, the study used the partially mixed sequential dominant status design approach conducted in three qualitative-qualitative-quantitative phases, according to which systematic review, thematic analysis, and modified Delphi methods were used, respectively. According to the findings of the study, in the first phase, twenty-six English and Persian articles were selected out of 211 reviewed articles using the systematic review method. In the second phase, the data collected through semi-structured interviews were analyzed via the thematic analysis method, according to which sixty-seven basic themes, twenty-six organizing themes, and four inclusive themes were identified and extracted. In the third phase, three rounds of Delphi were conducted to validate the components of the model and examine the extent of the experts’ consensus in this regard using the modified Delphi method. Accordingly, all the experts confirmed the validity of the model’s components. The results of the study indicate the pivotal role of components such as "Providing social support, participating in tourism, observing the civil rights, strengthening social, cultural, and economic infrastructure, etc. in creating a link between tourism and social capital, which can pave the ground for fostering social developments.

Societal security is one of the most important elements of society, and the Islamic Republic of Iran’s police forces is responsible for its provision and implementation. The present research is mainly aimed at explaining the strategic model of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s police forces in promoting societal security in the light of the declaration of the second step of the Islamic Revolution, which looks into the issue of using a combined method.

The present research method is combined or mixed, which is conducted using a sequential relative approach with unequal weight in three qualitative-qualitative-quantitative phases. The research has respectively used three

"scope review, theme analysis, and survey". Interview and questionnaire are the main tools respectively used in the qualitative and quantitative phase. The information and data has been obtained from 11 experts in the qualitative phase and 14 experts in the quantitative phase.

According to the findings of the research, in the first phase, i.e. the method of scope review; eight themes were determined for conducting interviews, and in the second phase, while using theme analysis method, 192 indicators were identified, out of which 87 basic themes, 41 organizing themes and 4 overarching themes were extracted.According to the results and analyses made, police forces’ strategic model in promoting societal security is considered in four key components: "community-orientation, justice-orientation, protection-orientation, knowledge-orientation” which will bring about authority and more success to the Islamic community in line with the promotion of societal security in it.

While there are currently many discussions about the impact of Covid-19 and its consequences on work practices and human resource management (HRM), no research has been conducted to explore the effective and efficient management of human resources and big theoretical gaps exist. By knowing the main categories of effective and efficient management of human resources in responsible and decision-making organizations, strategies can be adopted while avoiding its disadvantages. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to identify and prioritize the factors influencing the effective and efficient management of human resources in the Corona Pandemic.

This research in the point of the purpose is applied, and has used mixed method. In this research, thematic analysis and survey methods were used respectively. In the qualitative part, the participants includes the influential actors of Administrative and Recruitment Affairs Organization in the field of human resources. 13 experts were selected and interviewed using the purposeful sampling method, which is one of the qualitative sampling methods. In the quantitative part, the probability sampling method was used in a systematic way. Finally, 31 people answered the questionnaires. Structural equation modeling method and Smart PLS4 software were used for data analysis.

After examining the interviews, 80 codes were identified, from which 80 primary codes, 15 basic themes, 7 organizing themes, and 3 global themes were extracted. In the quantitative part, all the themes have obtained values higher than the acceptable limit, and the appropriateness of the themes (indices) of the model indicates the appropriateness of the measurement model.

In uncertain conditions caused by Covid-19, for the effective and efficient management of human resources in the organization, it is necessary to focus on the three principles: “intelligence and flexibility of organizational processes”, environmental and psychological empowerment of the organization and preparation of the necessary infrastructure”, and “management, improvement, promotion, ability and capabilities of human resources.”

The objective of the present study is to analyze and elucidate the concept of sustainable social capital within the framework of the conceptual relationship between societal security, social support, and public participation in society. The research adopts a mixed approach, combining applied purpose and research methods. The mixed methodology follows an exploratory sequential design, encompassing two qualitative-quantitative phases. Grounded theory is employed as the qualitative method in the first phase, while the second phase utilizes a quantitative survey method. The research participants consist of academic and executive experts in the field. Interviews were conducted to gather qualitative data, and a questionnaire was utilized to collect quantitative data, with 14 experts responding to the survey questions. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and PLS4 software packages. The research findings were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's systematic approach, resulting in 211 open codes, 72 axial codes, and 23 selected codes, which were categorized into six distinct categories. The study's results highlight the crucial role of the conceptual relationship between societal security, social support, and public participation in fostering sustainable social capital. This connection facilitates increased coordination, trust among citizens, improved access, enhanced social interaction, societal cohesion, collaborative problem-solving, and the development of relationships based on trust and respect, along with the creation of shared values and perspectives.

For a long time, communities have faced many problems, among which, management problems have been very important. These problems, due to their multidimensionality and complexity, can affect other dimensions as well. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and examine them with great attention and accuracy. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritization public administration problems in the Islamic Republic of Iran, which examines the problems using a mixed method. An outline of this research, according to the purpose, subject, and approach of the research; It is a partially mixed sequential dominant status design. In three quantitative-qualitative-quantitative stages, three methods of "quantitative content analysis- thematic analysis - modified Delphi analysis" have been used to investigate the problems. In the first stage, using the method of quantitative content analysis, the thesis and dissertations topics of the first level universities of the country were reviewed and 329 management topics were identified and reviewed. In the second stage, using the qualitative method of thematic analysis and 12 interviews with experts, 250 key points, 72 basic themes, 40 organizing themes and 39 global themes were identified. In order to understand the problems, they were classified into 36 main problems, each of which they fell into political, economic, cultural, social, law and legal categories. Finally, in the third stage, these problems were prioritized using the modified Delphi method. Based on the findings and studies, the results show that the main cause of public administration problems is the decision-making structure and inefficient administrative-executive system.