حسن شیرازی

The Purpose of this research is identifying the main axes of the underlying causes of the perceptual error of auditors and evaluating the matrix of its effect on the dark triad of personality disorder in auditing. In terms of methodology, this study is placed in the category of exploratory and mixed research, which, by conducting interviews with experts in the qualitative section, first identifies the propositional themes of the occurrence of perceptual error, and then based on the framework of Colaizzi (1978) regarding the determination of categories The axis of this phenomenon takes the necessary action, in a quantitative part, based on the process of Gray VIKOR, to investigate the effect of the occurrence of perceptual error on the possibility of the occurrence of narcissistic personality disorder in the audit. In this study, 12 accounting experts participated in the qualitative section and 26 audit partners who had sufficient experience due to years of service were present as participants in the quantitative section. The results of the study in the qualitative part indicate the existence of 25 propositional themes for the categorization of auditors' perceptual errors in 4 categories under the headings of "normative contexts"; "Job contexts"; "Individual contexts" and "social contexts" of occurrence of perceptual error were categorized. On the other hand, in the quantitative section, it was also determined that the individual contexts of the occurrence of perceptual error are the most important contextual category of the occurrence of auditors' perceptual error, which can stimulate the possibility of the occurrence of narcissistic personality disorder in auditing as a hidden personality dimension.

The present article aims to define and determine various dimensions of strategic information review and analyze its role and function in the field of national security, in order to achieve and introduce an appropriate model in this regard. The method used in this research is "grounded theory". The mechanism of this method is designed in such a way that primarily the statistical population of the study, which includes the elites of the security and strategic fields and managers of political and strategic fields, are determined, then their related views on strategic information are collected according to theoretical saturation method. Subsequently the collected information will be extracted and categorized and then analytical propositions and basic concepts on strategic information and its processes will be extracted and analyzed based on the analysis of the results. Non-probable and purposeful sampling method was used in this research. The results of research based on grounded theory indicate that strategic information, in different perceptual processes, analysis, detection of security phenomena and strategic policy making, and specifically confronting with threats and achieving an appropriate model for achieving sustainable security, play a key role and performs different functions. In other words, the results of this study indicate the fact that the consolidation of national security is depended to the collection, accumulation of analysis and processing and intelligent use of strategic information in various fields. This process is possible by completion of the information cycle, rethinking renovation and continuous completion and accurate analysis of information.

International educational interaction in the field of defense and security is important for all countries. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, the objectives set out in the Comprehensive Scientific Plan of the Armed Forces emphasize educational interaction with other countries. The statute of the Higher National Defense University states that the university can train volunteers from Muslim and friendly countries. The College of the Great Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was established for this purpose. Since educational needs assessment is the first step in the educational planning process, this study was conducted to determine the educational needs of strategic sciences in the field of national security in the mentioned faculty. The main question of the research is "What are the educational needs of strategic sciences related to the national security of the students of the Faculty of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) at the Higher National Security University?" The research method is contextual - case and the statistical population is 65 experts in related fields, which has been used in full. Data analysis was performed in two ways: importance analysis - performance and analysis of key components, and the results indicate that there are 28 educational needs for students of the faculty in strategic sciences related to national security.

Collaboration and Cooperation with other nations across the globe is a requirement of survival in international scale. Thereby, owing to the potential mental resource, Supreme University of National Defense can manage this important task. The University has been granted the permit to educate candidates from Moslem and allied countries. The Holy Prophet (pbuh) faculty has been founded following this task. The important matter is the plan of courses to be taught at this faculty. This plan has to be organized based on needs assessment. Therefore, the aim of this research is to assess the needs of the students at the faculty and present the up-to-date and desirable educational plan and courses. The method is field-case. The statistical population contains 65 scholars expert in the issue. The “importance-performance analysis” and “principal component analysis” methods resulted in the identification of four courses as the educational plan of the faculty.

In this research, the effect of severe plastic deformation by high pressure torsion process on the microstructure, mechanical properties and pseudoelastic behavior of the Fe-10Ni-7Mn (wt.%) alloy after annealing at intercritical temperatures was investigated. The results revealed that applying high pressure torsion process for 20 turns on the solution annealed specimen and intercritical annealed samples at two different temperatures, 580 and 600°C for 2 hours, caused reasonable ductility with significant increase in micro-hardness, ultimate tensile strength and reduced grain size to nanometer. Phase evaluation by XRD and EBSD analysis showed that high pressure torsion process led to reverse transformation of martensite to austenite in solution annealed specimen and austenite to martensite transformation in the intercritical annealed samples. Among studied samples conducted in this research, the intercritical annealed sample at 600°C and subsequently deformed by high pressure torsion, revealed the most significant mechanical properties. Moreover, in this sample due to the higher fraction of austenite, fine grain size and high tensile strength, and easier reversible movement of the fcc/hcp interface, more amount of pseudoelasticity was achieved in comparison to the others samples.

In this study, the effect of cold rolling on the reverse transformation in Fe-18Ni Martensitic alloy were studied by means of microstructure development, mechanical properties by means of tensile and hardness tests. One of promising way to obtain fine grained materials is using reverse martensitic transformation in specific in martensitic steels. This means reverse the alpha phase to the parent phase of gama and quench rapidly. In the present research, the studied alloy was subjected to different amount of cold rolling consisting of 10, 20 and 50%. Then the cold rolled samples was conducted to reverse transformation heat treatment at 700 C for different cycles. It si found that the 50% cold rolled sample followed by reverse transformation at 7000 C for 0 second demonstrated considerable elongation and relatively high strength of 760 MPa and harness of 270 HV. It should be noted that the starting material has strength of 620 MPa and hardness of 223 HV.

The increasing development of science and technology ought to be considered as one of the key forerunner in change and developments in this era. The advances of science and technology in the field of defense and military are an essential topic both because they can create new defense capabilities and due to the appearance of new threats resulting from these advances. These days, science and technology is one of the most important indices of evaluating the power and capabilities of different countries and it is of particular importance.
Therefore, the aim of this article is “determining the role of science and technology in the Iranian-Islamic model of advance in the field of defense-security” and the design of research is practical-developmental and the methodology is descriptive- analytic. Moreover, based on the required data, this research is a mixed-method research. The participants of the study include 243 experts and activists in the fields of defense-security and science in the country and according to the analyses the representative sample was determined at 69 individuals. The results of the study indicate that science and technology is considered as one of the principal and most influential dimensions in the Iranian-Islamic model of advance in the field of defense-security and capabilities with 5 indices, growth and development with 5 indices and effectiveness with 4 indices comprise its the components and indices.

The current research is an attempt to study the effect of a novel severe plastic deformation technique called "repetitive corrugation and straightening by rolling" (RCSR) and subsequent annealing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI type 304 austenitic stainless steel. In this study, RCSR process was carried out at 200 °C on the 304 austenitic stainless steel (above Md30 temperature) in order to avoid the formation of martensite phase when a high density of dislocations was introduced into the austenite phase. Thereafter, annealing treatment was applied in order to refine the microstructure of 304 stainless steel. In order to determine the beginning and the end of recrystallization temperature of deformed samples, dilatometer tests were used. The specimens were examined by optical microscopy (OM), tensile and micro-hardness tests. The results indicate that by increasing the cycles of RCSR process, more mechanical twins are induced, the hardness and in particular, the yield stress of specimens have been increased.

This study aimed to review the mission of national security for security managers based on needs assessments conducted strategic levels, And the development of applied research and the opinions of experts and officials, 144 of security by using the mixed method (quantity and quality) developed And collected data using descriptive statistics and Friedman ranking test and factor analysis were analyzed. The results indicate that the current mission of national security, the three discussed. But the review mission recommended that a forward-looking approach based on threats and vulnerabilities, security domains and demands has been recognized documents, Two fundamental axes as: "1. Promote the analysis, management and policy objectives and priorities on security institutions and civil and military agencies as well as 2. requirements for security management in institutions and security issues at a strategic level "caused the distinction of national security mission sent in a favorable situation compared to the status quo And with a confidence level 93/0 was approved, and can be a basis of national security planning is in good condition. So the mission of national security issues in the education system are updated Of "the needs of security management in institutions and security issues at strategic level; improving the ability to analyze, manage and policy makers in the institutional goals and priorities and security issues in civil and military organizations; Advancing the frontiers of knowledge in theoretical and applied aspects based on religious principles and values in the areas of security and intelligence; Training and preparation of research and teaching in the fields of intelligence and security researchers and teachers, education leaders and managers at strategic levels in the areas of security and intelligence ".

Semi-solid metal forming offers many advantages in comparison with conventional casting and forging. However, due to the high-melting temperature and related difficulties, there is relatively a few experimental data on the semi-solid processing of steels. Therefore, this study is subjected to the microstructure evolution during partial remelting of 304 stainless steel which is pre-deformed in solid state by a severe plastic deformation (SPD) technique. Thermodynamic calculations were carried out by Thermo-Calc software and the results were compared with the experimental observations. In this study, repetitive corrugation and straightening by rolling (RCSR) process as a new severe plastic deformation technique is utilized to induce a great amount of strain in material prior to semi-solid process. Microstructural evolutions were studied in different temperatures and holding times during semi-sold process. The results indicate that finer globular semi-solid microstructure is achieved from 30 cycles RCSR processed specimen after 3 minutes holding at 1425 ℃.

The purpose of this study is to figure out competences needed by intelligence and security managers at strategic levels as one of the key issues in these organizations. Therefore, for Needs Assessment of this category of managers, first, these organizations should be determined in accordance with existing rules and regulations; second, the managers and strategic-level businesses should be recognized and determined; third, the entrusted tasks and missions to organizations and managers discussed should be identified and ultimately determine the competences expected in this area so that the expected competences can be achieved based on existing patterns.

This research has been conducted through mixed method analysis and concurrent sequential design. The security and intelligence agencies were identified on the basis of existing laws and regulations, then according to Article 71 of the Civil Service and communiqués of Armed Forces General Staff, the security and intelligence managers at strategic levels were identified. And then using assessment models (with a focus on Kaufman & Herman Model and Goldstein Model) the intelligence and security managers' need levels were determined at strategic levels. The face validity and content validity of the research tools were addressed using experts, scholars and knowledgeable people. The construct validity was determined through factor analysis and the Cronbach's alpha of the entire questionnaire was calculated as .97, which indicated good reliability of the test and high correlation with each other in questions. To determine the priority of items, since the variables are of two-optional types (essential, non-essential), the nonparametric Cochran test was used. To determine the significance level and determine and clarify the difference between the items the pairwise McNemar's test was used. A dependent t-test was used to compare the current and ideal status.

The results of one-sample t-test showed that there is a significant difference between the current status and ideal status in the necessary skills for educating and training the security and intelligence management at strategic levels and their effects. That is to say, according to the respondents, the gap between current and ideal status is significant with over 99% certainty. Finally, Friedman test was used to prioritize items. Twenty types of competences were determined and presented for intelligence and security managers at strategic levels.

Nowadays, the Islamic groups are considered as the activist political streams worldwide These groups believe that globe and globalization have close relations with religion. So, growing importance and influence of religious thinkings and bodies are seen clearly worldwide, to such degree that the year of 1992 has been called as the year of Islamic awakening, while in 1964 Westerners as well as Easterners believed that Islam was fully defenseless in confrontation with modernization or modernity. Also, in 1979, United States government called the Islamic awakening as an element for destruction the world and the Muslim activists were introduced as participating fighters of such a war that according to then U.S. secretary of state Cyrus Vance, in case of outbreak, it could endanger the U.S. interests at high level. He called such war as the war of Islam and West. EX-Soviet Union officials also never denied their fear from revolutionary Islamic awakening and its risks for their country. The West and East experts consider these so such arguments about Islamic awakening as emergence and continuation of engineering phenomenon of Islamic revolution.

This study was conducted to investigate the chemical changes, digestibility (In Vitro) and ensiling of eggplant. Eggplant plants were chopped to 4-3 cm and then ensiled in plastic buckets. experiment were performed as a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates as follows: (1) control (2) ensiling of eggplant with 2% urea (3) ensiling of eggplant with 2% sodium hydroxide (4) ensiling of eggplant with 2% lime (5) ensiling of eggplant with 2% molasses - dry weight basis (6) ensiling of eggplant with 4% molasses – fresh weight basis. All treatments in terms of color, smell, texture and appearance were evaluated. Results shown that adding 4% molasses decreased pH from 4.99 to 3.28 (p<0.05). Silage chemical analysis showed that the highest amount of crude protein (20.99%) were related to the urea treatment (p<0.05) and dry matter digestibility was higher in the treatment of molasses, 4% (60.30%) (p<0.05), although this number is associated with the urea treatment was not significantly different. The results showed that treatment of eggplant with 4% molasses in the best silage between treatments.

The inability of experts to articulate the knowledge required to solve a problem is، arguably، the greatest challenge to building an expert system. The problem is made worse in situations where the response of the expert must be so rapid that there is not even a chance of a plausible post hoc reconstruction of the decision processes involved. For this reason، construction of the knowledge base by example is the only approach available. Examples can be used in two ways. They may be used as input to an induction program whose task is to find an abstraction of a control strategy from the data. Examples may also be used to induce the expert to discern differences between cases، thereby allowing the knowledge acquisition system to construct rules semi-automatically. The work presented in this paper demonstrates the feasibility of both approaches. In particular، it shows that the RDR methodology can be extended to domains where the expertise involved is necessarily subcognitive. This is demonstrated by the application of a combination of ripple-down rules and machine learning to the task of acquiring piloting skills for an aircraft in a flight simulator.