فهرست مطالب حسن مقدم

Sustainable-integrated structural, functional, and management systems of water resources with emphasis on understanding the dynamics and co-evolution of coupled human-water systems have created concepts such as environmental hydrology, social hydrology, water sociology, etc. The evolution of the science of hydrology based on the theory of socio-ecological systems faces various challenges, including missing ring of social capital, local management, and regeneration of ecological wisdom governing the common resource, which requires the recognition of the semantic interaction and co-evolution of ecological wisdom and social hydrology. The current descriptive-analytical research formulates a conceptual framework for the development of social hydrology based on ecological wisdom intellectual foundation governing the ancient hydraulic heritage. The analysis of commonalities and differences in ecological wisdom, social hydrology, and their study paths based on comparative analysis emphasizes the realization of new insight in light of ecological wisdom, which, while linking procedural and conceptual approaches, provides a framework for the coupled systems co-evolution, with the potential to fully understand complexities, connections, and feedbacks, transform conflicts into interactions, analyze past events, strengthen the participation of stakeholders, predict long-term consequences of today's decisions, and facilitate the policymaking, decision-making processes, and formulation of efficient management strategies at various local, national, and regional scales.

During recent years, the occurrence of terrorist attacks and explosive events has increased the need to investigate the response of structures under blast loading. Due to the nature of blast loading, a lateral resisting system must damp energy to behave properly against blast loading. Steel plate shear wall system, which features a high level of stiffness, flexibility, and energy absorption, can be used as a means of the lateral resisting system against blast loading. In order to gain a better understanding of responses of the buildings and lateral resisting systems with different characteristics, the study of the behavior of the lateral resisting systems under blast loading conditions is essential. In order to achieve the aforementioned goal, 20 seismically designed steel frames with a number of stories of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 and different widths were modeled and analyzed under four explosive scenarios in OpenSees software (nonlinear dynamic analysis). The response of stories drift and acceleration, as well as the ductility ratio of the steel plate shear wall, were studied. The results of the study showed that tall buildings with steel plate shear wall system had behaviors far better than short buildings. The dominant behavioral modes of tall, medium height, and short buildings are flexural, combined shear and flexure, and shear modes, respectively. It is also observed that, in medium- and high-rise structures, the maximum horizontal acceleration of roof occurs in free vibration, while, in low-rise structures, this amount is experienced during loading. In addition, for all structures, the maximum horizontal displacement of the roof occurs in free vibration so that, with the increasing number of stories, this amount occurs later. In the other part of the study, it was shown that, in the same way, as we know for SDOF systems, in MDOF structures, the usual damping in systems with no control device is not significantly affected by the structure response to the explosion.

The nonlinear force-displacement curve of RC columns are presented in the current standards for seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings (such as ASCE41) by two displacement-based values of “a” and “b” that correspond to the loss of lateral and axial capacities, respectively. The ASCE41 presents the values of these two parameters as a function of the volumetric ratio of transverse reinforcement. A confinement index is proposed in this paper that accounts for the yield strength and arrangement of the transverse reinforcements as well. This index was used to predict the parameters “a” of 38 tested RC columns and the parameters “b” of 13 other columns. A table is proposed that gives the values of these two parameters based on the values of the proposed confinement index of the columns. It is shown that the proposed confinement index and table predicts more accurate values of the parameters “a” and “b”. Based on the results, maximum difference ratio to experimental values is reduced from 4.7 to 3.6 in comparison with those of update to ASCE41-06 while satisfying its specifications and regulations.