حسین نوری

This article tries to show how and in what manner Prophet Muhammad was able to interact with the rulers of the period in his time and environment and advance his mission and present monotheism to the world and achieve success. In fact, the main goal of this article is to investigate interpersonal communication methods and in general their behavioral and interactive dimensions with the rulers of their time, which can be considered in the field of communication, especially religious communication.

The present study is descriptive-analytical and has been analyzed by referring to library and scientific sources and referring to the verses of the Quran and existing interpretations. 

Throughout history, the divine prophets have seriously fought against all kinds of idolatry, and this struggle has been shared by all the prophets. The second thing that the divine prophets have fought against the specific deviations of their people and population. For example, the people of the period of Prophet Noah (peace be upon him) were worldly, dependent on the world, and arrogant.

The Prophet wants to establish justice in the world. The Prophet wants to create justice so that he can solve the problems that humans want to solve, and propose those problems, and since the revelation came to the Prophets, one of their problems has been the meaning of opposing those who were oppressors. They were cruel, tyrannical, bloodthirsty, and each of them opposed them in a different way, and it should not be thought that any prophet sat in his house and only prayed or gave orders. No, it's not like that, they said the commandments in order to implement them, Ibrahim said the issues, and then he removed the idols, which at that period was like someone daring to the Almighty God in our religion.

Lack of an appropriate linkage between extension and research, is one of the problems of the agricultural extension system. After the implementation of the agricultural extension new system, "senior extension researchers" and "supportive researchers" were defined in order to play a more organized role in the agricultural knowledge network. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to analyze the challenges and strategies to improve the performance of supportive researchers in the agricultural knowledge network of Iran. The statistical population of the study consisted of research network (N= 1876), out of whom 348 people determined as sample using Daniel's sampling formula and simple sampling technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire; validity of questionnaire was approved by a panel of experts and construct validity (AVE Index). In order to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability (CR) were calculated. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS22 and Smart PLS3 software. Results of prioritizing challenges facing supportive researchers indicated that "infrastructural-supportive" dimension was in the highest, and "functional" dimension was in the lowest ranks. Also, results of prioritizing performance improvement strategies for supportive researchers showed that "infrastructural-supportive" dimension was in the highest, and "policy making-planning" dimension was in the lowest ranks. In addition, the results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that challenges and performance improvement strategies models had four dimensions (i.e. functional, infrastructural-supportive, structural and policy making-planning). At last, some recommendations were presented due to the research results in order to improve the performance of supportive researchers.

The issue of the limitation of wife's will in referring to compensation (Fidyah) is necessary thanks to its practical prevalence and the problems caused by this condition. Although the sovereignty of individuals' will is respected in the realm of marriage, the interests to protect the family stability and the policy of facilitating the reversibility of divorce requires limitations in the way the authorities are exercised. Among these cases, the way of interfering the woman's will in referring to compensation (Fidyah). The present research was conducted with the purpose of investigating the limitation of the authority to refer to compensation (Fidyah) in divorce, in an analytical-documentary way, and the question whether the limitation of wife's will, in the forms of "revocation of the right to refer to compensation (Fidyah)", "condition of negative legal action" or "peace" and the like, is possible or not, was answered. By referring to the evidence, foundations and analysis of the core of the right to refer and its relationship with the interest of the family, it is clear that in the divorce of Khula and Mubarat, the woman's action in limiting her will in this regard is not effective. After the divorce (until the expiry of the idah), the right to refer also remains, and so the wife's will won't be limited in the interval between the preliminary agreement and the divorce. In the case of the man, the condition of referring to the woman before the woman refers to compensation (Fidyah) is against Sharia and is the requirement of being complete, and as a result, it is invalid. In regard to the divorce of compensation (Fidyah), the reversible divorce or complete divorce and their rulings, are in the hands of the Islamic legislator, and have a ruling aspect and not a legal aspect. Therefore, it won't be possible to limit the will in both stages (in the period of preliminary agreement and after divorce) by the comparison of priority.

Escherichia coli is one of the most common pathogens in poultry that causes Colibasilosis. Until now many Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) were identified that we can refer to SHV and OXA that they are coded by blaSHV and blaOXA, respectively. Regarding the development of antibiotics resistance and harmful effects of resistant bacteria on beta-lactam antibiotics, they can have an effect on human health and animal health, and due to the high mortality rate of disease, reducing production, as well as damage caused by drug use, it’s very important to control and prevention this disease. In the present study, 50 isolates of Escherichia coli were collected from 60 cloacal swabs from broiler chicken farms between 7 to 21 days old in Zabol. Antibiogram test was performed by disk diffusion method to investigate drug resistance to Ceftriaxon, Cefazolin, Ceftizoxime, Cephalothin, Ceftazidime and Cefixime. Besides, the frequency of blaSHV and blaOXA were investigated by PCR. The results showed that the highest resistance was to Cefazolin (80%) and the lowest resistance was to Ceftriaxon (8%). The frequency of blaSHV and blaOXA genes in Escherichia coli isolates was 24% and 0.0%, respectively.

One of the most important and damaging pests of canola is cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L. This research was carried out to assess the damage of the pest in a randomized complete block design. The results showed that the maximum mean number of aphids per surface unit (10 cm branch length of the flowering branch) is 367.88±27.88, 439.75±36.13, 187.75±10.10 and 274.00±27.68 respectively in West Azarbaijan, Markazi, Fars and Isfahan provinces on Hydromel, Ahadi, Talaiyeh and Okapi varieties. It causes 37%, 35.5%, 25.1% and 22.9% reduction of rapeseed yield.

The idea of government is one of the most fundamental issues and debates that man has been dealing with since he understood the concept of society and tried to create it. Every society has been governed by some form of government since its emergence; therefore, the issue of government and rulers is a well-known matter in the field of human culture and human societies. Only the existing differences, which are sometimes very basic and fundamental, cause the government and its concept to face many reflections and reactions, and even some, as anarchist groups, challenge the necessity of the existence of the government and demand societies without governor and government. Examples of it in Islamic societies can be found in the extreme attitude of the Kharijites with the slogan lā ḥukma illā lillāh. Against these extremist groups, some confirm the necessity of the existence of the government and insist on its serious presence that they even invade the private sphere and personal privacy and do not respect anything called privacy.

The problem of cooperative guidance of two pursuers against an evader equipped with higher maneuverability is investigated. The goal is that the distance between the evader and at least one of the pursuers becomes less than a predetermined threshold at the end of the flight time. To achieve this goal, firstly, the roles of pursuers are divided into two units, which include 1) pursuing the evader 2) Observing the evader’s scape space. Secondly, a novel cooperative guidance law based on the optimal separation of roles of the pursuers is proposed and formulated into a constrained nonlinear optimal control problem. Thirdly, the problem is solved using the Direct Collocation with Nonlinear Programming (DCNLP) method which is an optimization approach. Finally, several numerical simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed cooperative guidance law.

Agricultural Education Network is the educational network based on the website of the Institute of Agricultural Education and Extension, to improve the level of knowledge and job skills and professional behavior of agricultural stakeholders. The multiplicity of effective factors and variables in e-learning makes it necessary to pay attention to the quality of educational services in this system. Accordingly, the main purpose of this survey research was to analyzing components of service quality model of agricultural education network (SHAK) as perceived by learners. Statistical population of the study consisted of learners (N= 19310), out of whom 388 people determined as sample using Cochran's formula and stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire; validity of questionnaire was approved by a panel of experts and construct validity (AVE≥0.96). Reliability of the questionnaire was approved by calculating the Ordinal Theta (θ≥0.93) and composite reliability (CR≥0.87). The collected data were analyzed by SPSSwin22 and LISREL software. The overall ranking of the SHAK service quality components showed that from the point of view of learners, the "educator" and "content" components were in the highest ranks and "planning and implementation" and "infrastructure - support" components were in the lowest ranks. Additionally, the results of the confirmatory factors analysis illustrated that the service quality model of the agricultural education network has six main components including: infrastructural-support, planning and implementation, content, educator, learners and results. Accordingly, it is recommended to improve the SHAK service quality through: improving the notification of courses, system upgrade, planning, adapt courses to the needs of the learners, updating the content, improving teaching skills and motivating learners.

Pesticides application is the main approach to manage Trialeurodes vaporariorum Therefore, the effects of azadirachtin, spiromesifen and thiamtoxam on whitefly and its parasitoid Encarsia formosa were investigated. In evaluating the lethal concentration of the treatments on eggs and 3rd nymph of whitefly, the highest lethal effect (LC50) was on egg and 3rd nymphal stage by spiromesifen and thiamtoxam were 89.55 and 76.25 ppm, respectively. The results of analysis of variance of treatment mortality on E. formosa after seven days showed that azadirachtin had the least adverse effect with 60% emergence of parasitoides and thiamtoxam had the highest adverse effect with 12% emergence for E. formosa. In assessment of the oviposition preference of E. formosa, among pesticide treatments, despite highest oviposition in low concentration of thiamtoxam and spiromesifen, but the highest egg hatching was related to azadirachtin. Also, the effectiveness of insecticides against whitefly nymphs in greenhouse and laboratory conditions was compared. The percentage of effect of treatments three, seven and 14 days after spraying showed that the greatest effect on nymphal stage was related to thiamethoxam with 80% mortality in three days after spraying, but in seventh and fourteenth days after spraying, was related to azadirachtin with 96.47 and 95.77% mortality, respectively. According to the results of this study, spiromsifen and thiamtoxam were effective in high population of this insect, but in integrated management program simultaneous use of E. formosa with azadirachtin is recommended.

Interaction with research institutes and centers is one of the components of the new agricultural extension system in Iran. In order to play an appropriate role of researchers in the agricultural knowledge network, senior extension-researchers and supportive researchers were defined as two main actors.Accordingly, the main purpose of this survey research was to evaluate effectiveness of senior extension-researchers in the new agricultural extension system of Iran. Statistical population of the study consisted of research network (N= 1908 pepole),out of whom 320 people determined as sample using Daniel's sampling formula and simple sampling technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire; validity of questionnaire was approved by a panel of experts and construct validity (AVE≥0.51). Reliability of the questionnaire was approved by calculating the Ordinal Theta (θ≥0.77) and composite reliability (CR≥0.77). The collected data were analyzed by SPSSwin22 and Smart PLS3 software. Results of prioritizing showed that, in the context dimension, “compatibility of senior extension-researchers’ objectives with policies of the agricultural sector”; in the input dimension, “technical ability of senior extension-researchers”; in the process dimension, “participating in E-learning courses as teacher”; and finally, in the product dimension, “applicability of the recommendations to target users” were in the highest ranks. Also, results of prioritizing effectiveness evaluation dimensions of senior extension-researchers indicated that "product" was in the highest rank and "input" was in the lowest rank. Besides the confirmation of indicators’ homogeneity and reliability, the results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that effectiveness evaluation model had four components (i.e. context, input, process and product).

Hypertension is one of the most important health issues in the world and patients do not follow the treatment instructions and do not control their disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of education based on "Pender Health Promotion Model" on adherence to treatment of patients with hypertension.

The present study was conducted in a semi-experimental, controlled and randomized manner. The research population included all patients with primary hypertension who were referred to Shahid Beheshti Health Center in Kashan city in 2017 to start or continue treatment. 88 patients who met the conditions for entering the study were selected by by convenience sampling method. Patients were replaced in intervention and control groups (44 patients in each group) by a simple random lottery method. Both groups received routine training from the health center. The study instruments included a demographic questionnaire and "Treatment Adherence Questionnaire for Patients with Hypertension". Face validity was measured by qualitative method and reliability was measured by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In the intervention group, educational content was designed based on "Pender's Health Promotion Model" and was implemented in 6 sessions of 45 to 60 minutes. The data was analyzed in SPSS .16.

Prior to the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of mean treatment adherence. However, after the intervention, in the patients of the intervention group, the mean score of adherence to treatment was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). 

Education based on the “Pender Health Promotion Model” improved adherence to treatment in patients with hypertension. Therefore, it is suggested that this model be used in combination with drug therapies to increase adherence to treatment and improve blood pressure control in patients with hypertension.

In order to interact with research institutes and centers, as one of the main components of the agricultural extension new system, "supportive researchers" were defined.The main purpose of this survey research was to validate the CIPP model in evaluating the effectiveness of supportive researchers.Statistical population of the study consisted of agricultural extension network (N= 9627),out of whom 566 people were determined as samples using Daniel's sampling formula and simple sampling technique.Data were collected through a questionnaire; validity of the questionnaire was approved by a panel of experts,construct validity and discriminant validity.Reliability of the questionnaire was approved by calculating the Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability.The collected data were analyzed by SPSS22 and Smart PLS3 software. Results of prioritizing indicated that, in the context dimension, “completeness of duties and responsibilities of supportive researchers”; in the input dimension, “technical ability of supportive researchers”; in the process dimension, “providing technical recommendations to the extension agents and farmers”; and finally, in the product dimension, “applicability of the recommendations to target users” were in the highest ranks. Also, results of prioritizing effectiveness evaluation dimensions of supportive researchers indicated that "context" was in the highest rank and "process" was in the lowest rank.Besides the confirmation of indicators’ homogeneity and reliability, the results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the effectiveness evaluation model of supportive researchers had four components (i.e. context, input, process and product).Considering the comprehensiveness of the CIPP model, therefore, it is recommended to use this model in evaluating the effectiveness of supportive researchers.

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is one of the methods of producing tungsten carbide parts, which due to its poor machinability; optimal cutting with traditional methods is not possible. Material removal rate and surface roughness are the most important output indicators of the wire cut process. In this research, the Wire cut electrical discharge cutting process on tungsten carbide alloy has modeled and optimized. Mathematical modeling has used to establish an accurate relationship between input parameters and process outputs. In this regard, first, the necessary data collected by conducting an experiment, designed by the Design of experiments (DOE) by Taguchi method. Then the types of regression functions including linear and second order fitted for this data. In the next step, the validity of these models has been assessed using statistical hypothesis tests and analysis of variance. With the help of the proposed model, the parameters that have the greatest impact on the two outputs of material removal rate and surface roughness can be determined. After determining the appropriate models, the process optimization is performed using the genetic algorithm based on non-dominated sorting (NSGA-II) and the optimal combination of input parameters table is presented. Finally, a validation experiment performed with one of the compositions of the optimal table and the results of this experiment compared with the results obtained through optimization. Obtained results show good confirmation.

Exposure to lead, damages vital organs and is now a global concern. Toxic effects of lead on the liver and thyroid gland have been mentioned previously, sometimes with conflicting results. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess changes in liver and thyroid function tests in patients with lead poisoning.

This case-control study was performed on 100 patients with clinical evidence of lead poisoning who were referred to Loghman-e-Hakim hospital in Tehran from April to December 2018. Also, another 100 participants with the matched sex and age, a history of opium use, and exposure to lead or non-work-related metals, and with normal lead levels, were considered as a control group. Demographic information was collected by a trained researcher by reviewing hospital records or interviewing participants. To monitor lead levels in the control group, 5 ml of venous blood was collected from the antecubital vein at 7 to 8 am in sterile tubes containing EDTA as an anticoagulant. Serum lead levels were assessed by GBC Avanta atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Values in the two groups were compared. SPSS version 16 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, Il, The USA) was used for data analysis. A P-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The mean level of serum lead in case and control groups were 63.0±12.4 μg/dL and 6.0±2.1 μg/dL, respectively with a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). However, Alkaline phosphatase (ALKp), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes were significantly higher in cases compared to controls (p<0.001). The thyroid-stimulating hormone in patients with lead poisoning (0.3±0.04 MIU/L) was significantly lower than those in the control group (2.5±1.23) (P=0.04).

Lead poisoning could potentially damage liver function and elevate liver enzymes. Moreover, it can also affect the levels of TSH and levothyroxine. Understanding the exact mechanisms might help to control The hepatotoxic effects of lead in patients. Also, knowing the pattern of elevated liver enzymes and thyroid hormones changes might help discriminate lead poisoning with other differential diagnoses.

Nowadays, the use of lasers in welding titanium alloys has special applications in high-tech industries. This study aims to extract the statistical model showing the effect of changes in the diameter of laser beam diameter and distance in line thickness welding temperature. At first, For establishing this model, the required experiments were designed by the Taguchi method and then evaluated using the finite element method. The surface response method is used to extract the statistical model based on the variation of laser beam diameter and distance through the workpiece thickness. By the analysis of the variance, the statistical model error was evaluated in an acceptable range. According to the evaluated results, the influence percent of the distance along with the workpiece thickness and the laser beam diameter is 76.67 and 97 %, respectively, on the welding temperature. By increasing the diameter of the laser beam, the amount of the welding temperature is significantly reduced. For laser welding of Ti6Al4V, the best laser beam diameter is between 0.2 and 0.24mm.

Summary:

Hydrodynamic components play an important role in the process performance of column flotation. CFD as a numerical method can help analyze and predict flow components. In this paper, the single-bubble rising velocity profile in the flotation column is studied in two-phase with CFD. Simulations have been performed in Fluent software using a two-phase VOF model. A computational column with a square cross-section of 10 cm and a height of 100 cm has been considered. The air is taken in by a single bubble from the bottom of the column by an internal sparger. To validate the simulation results, a series of experiments were performed exactly according to the mentioned conditions, while imaging was used to record hydrodynamic components such as inlet airflow, bubble diameter, and bubble rise velocity, etc. The experimental results are consistent with previous observations that studies by others. Also, the results of the simulations performed are qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with the experimental results. The results show that CFD simulation can well predict the rise of the bubble and its related parameters in the flotation column, including the bubble rise rate with a difference of less than 5% compared to the experimental values. In this paper, the single-bubble rising velocity profile in the flotation column is studied in two-phase with CFD.

This article consisted of two parts: the experimental tests and the CFD simulations. The authors tried to present a set of setting to simulate the bubble rising velocity as well as possible by their facilities.

Methodology and Approaches:

Simulations have been performed in Fluent software using a two-phase VOF model. A computational column with a square cross-section of 10 cm and a height of 100 cm has been considered. The air is taken in by a single bubble from the bottom of the column by an internal sparger. To validate the simulation results, a series of experiments were performed exactly according to the mentioned conditions, while imaging was used to record hydrodynamic components.

The results showed that CFD simulation can well predict the rise of the bubble and its related parameters in the flotation column, including the bubble rise rate with a difference of less than 5% compared to the experimental values.

In today's turbulent and changing environment, what can keep organizations in better conditions than other organizations is to pay attention to productivity in the organization. Productivity in the university has become a very important concern for managers. Because it is the most basic motivator in achieving satisfactory results .In the meantime, spirituality in the workplace is effective as a platform for achieving productivity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the model of the impact of spirituality in the workplace on organizational productivity with the mediating role of social capital and adherence to ethical behaviors in the University of Tabriz.This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive method and correlation. The statistical population of the study is the staff of Tabriz University, whose number is 295 people. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 167 people using the Cochran relation and was selected by stratified random sampling. The data collection tool is a standard questionnaire. To analyze the statistical data of the matrix correlation test, simultaneous regression and structural model were performed in SPss and Lisrel software.The research findings showed that the confirmed research hypotheses and spirituality in the workplace through social capital and adherence to ethical behaviors have an indirect effect on organizational productivity.

Dubas bug, Ommatissus lybicus, is one of the key pests of date palm groves in Iran. Chemical control is currently used regardless of the population of pests and its economic problems. The aim of this study was to determine O. lybicus economic injury level with a different method from the conventional method which is easier with the same precision. Therefore, Delphi method or expert system was used. It was carried out in the three provinces of Kerman (Bam), Fars (Farashband), and Bushehr (Tang-e zard). Twenty-five questionnaires were distributed between experts and farmers in each province. The completed questionnaires were collected. According to the results of the first questionnaire, the second questionnaire was compiled and the stages were repeated. The results showed that the Delphi method provides valuable results such as the description of individual variables (the age of palm growers, literacy, level of experience, garden area and gardener pest management) that can be effective in pest management planning. However it could not produce accurate results for quantitative data such as determining the timing of chemical control according to pest number, the amount and percentage of damage, because this data is available and the Delphi method should not be used as an excuse, in such cases the Delphi technique can be used as a complementary method.

Dubas bug, Ommatissus lybicus Bergevin (1930), is one of the key pests of date palms in Iran, which drastically reduces the quality and quantity of dates produced. The Present study aimed to determine economic injury level of O. lybicus on two commercial date cultivars in three main date palm growing provinces of southern Iran. The economic injury level of dubas bug on date palm was estimated by Pedigo method. A date palm grove infested by dubas bug was chosen in Kerman (Bam), Fars (Farashband), and Bushehr (Tang-e Zard) provinces. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design with seven treatments replicated three times. Each experimental unit consisted of three identical trees in which the sampling was performed on the middle tree. We reached the intended densities of O. lybicus using natural and artificial infestation by using insecticides. The assessment was made based on the weekly recording the number of nymphs and honey droplets. In addition, the total weight of the harvested date was determined at harvesting. The results showed that EIL based on the number of nymphs/leaflet of date palm leaf on Zahedi cultivar were 1.06 and 0.34 nymphs for Farashband, respectively, and 0.28 and 0.88 nymphs for Tang-e Zard in studied years. The values for Bam on Mazafati cultivar in the three consecutive years of 2013, 2014 and, 2015 were 0.27, 0.25, and 0.10 nymphs, respectively.

The Fahliyan Formation is a member of the Khami Group with Neocomian–Barremian age. In two surface sections in the Izeh Zone and two wells of the southern Dezful Embayment, it includes 12 microfacies deposited on four facies belts as tidal flat, inner ramp (lagoon, Lithocodium–algal mounds and bioclastic–peloidal shoals), middle ramp and outer ramp. A homoclinal ramp model is proposed as its depositional environment. Important diagenetic alterations are dissolution, micritization, compaction, dolomitization, silicification, pyritization, cementation and fracturing. They represent marine, meteoric and shallow to deep burial diagenetic realms. Sequence stratigraphic analysis resulted in the recognition of four depositional sequences that seem to be third-order sequences, according to their relative ages (biozones), thickness and correlation with neighboring areas. Reservoir quality evaluation indicates coupled imprints of facies characteristics and diagenetic alterations on reservoir properties of this formation. Important reservoir units are formed in Lithocodium–algal mounds/patch-reefs (in the Garangan Field) and high-energy facies of shoal setting (in the Gachsaran Field). They include primary pore types such as intra- and interparticle pores and mainly concentrated in highstand systems tracts (HSTs) of depositional sequences. Some secondary pores are also present that include dissolution vugs and molds. In addition, middle ramp facies provide some reservoir units in the transgressive systems tracts (TSTs). No macroscopic pores are recorded in these facies and micropores are responsible for high reservoir quality.

Attorneyship is a permissible and lawful contract. In this contract, the client or the lawyer may terminate the contract at any time. Achieving a stable and unshakable contract is possible in the light of irrevocable attorneyship. But even in power of attorney, the client can do something that can lead to the termination of the contract. For example, a client may sell a product that has an irrevocable sale attorneyship and the contract will then is terminated. To prevent this action by the client, the condition of “not-performing an act against the case of attorneyship by the client" applies. The present article aims to investigate the validity of this condition and discusses the condition by using a descriptive- analytical method. The findings of the study indicate that the condition of the expiry of the right was considered by jurisprudents to be like a ruling and deprivation of this right is not permissible. However, if the condition is construed to constitute a commitment not to perform an act against the case of attorneyship, it would be flawed and will have the same result.

Water is an important carrier for pesticide spraying. Physical and chemical properties of water can affect the quality control indexes and the efficiency of diluted pesticides. So, the study of the water characteristics in different regions of the country is very important. For this purpose, water samples from Mazandaran, Fars, Isfahan, Markazi, Guilan, Qazvin, Kerman (two regions), Khorasan Razavi, Yazd and Tehran provinces were collected. The effects of water hardness, pH and electrical conductivity (ec) on the quality control of two insecticides chlorpyrifos (EC 40.8%) and imidacloprid (SC 35%) as prevalent and highly-consumption formulations in the country were studied. The results of water hardness test showed that water sample from Kerman with 2255 ppm and then the water of Fars with 744 ppm had the highest hardness and sample of water in Guilan region with 60 ppm had the lowest degree of hardness in water tested areas. The emulsion stability of chlorpyrifos in water samples from Qazvin, Guilan and Khorasan Razavi (with low water hardness), showed no creaming, while in provinces which hardness was high, including Kerman, Fars and Yazd, creaming at diluted insecticides were high. The suspensibility of imidacloprid in water samples showed that suspension in water from Kerman, Fars and Yazd samples was unacceptable and suspensions from the other areas were acceptable.