حمید اسدی

This urban issue of terminating and ignoring such buildings as heritage of industrial architecture has caused the closure of this constructions, in spite of having an applicable life cycle and architectural principles; however, by some reactions from various institutions and to promote economic and social sustainability, the condition for having a new application and restoration these industrial buildings as a heritage is provided, which are examples of the experiences of adaptability in Iran as the main focus of this research. Therefore, the aim of this research is to review the successful experiences of multi-functional and universal adaptable architecture to compare their strategies with the heritage of industrial experiences in the city of Tehran. In this research, the studies of adaptability for universal samples are considered as the basis for exploring the multi-functional architectural strategies. The approaches include three physical layers of the building structure, facilities and facade, which have been evaluated by using Delphi method on the heritage of industrial architecture in city of Tehran as a statistical population. The non-parametric statistical tests of Cochran's Q test and Friedman's test, were applied to analyze data; the theoretical sampling method for both statistical population (Tehran's industrial architectural heritage) and (relevant experts) was adopted. According to the expert’s ideas, the strategies of two-layered structure and facade in the target buildings were confirmed; according to the data analysis, ‘Argo Factory’ had the highest Degrees of Freedom (df) regarding the structure layer, and in relation to the facade, the ‘Iranian Artists Forum’ with the highest average test rank, showed the highest conformity of the facade and the structure. However, regarding the facilities, no compliance of the facility was found. The industrial architectural heritage of Tehran includes some buildings that reused for another purpose as: Argo Factory (changed to Argo Contemporary Art Museum & Cultural Centre), Iranshahr Barracks (Iranian Artists Forum), Beryank Hosiery Factory (Haftchenar's Museum of Wildlife and Natural Monuments) and Qasr Prison (Qasr Garden Museum/ Museum of the Qasr Prison). The target buildings were ranked according to the data acquired by calculating mean rank for the strategies were applied for each layer. According to the results, two characteristics were found in the industrial buildings that can highly affect the adaptive reuse of the heritage of industrial architecture, 1. the concentration of the structure at the lowest points and limited spaces with more free spaces compared to its counterparts, and 2. the adaptation of the building facade to the structure.

The Empirical and Theoretical evidence show that Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions do not have Stable Efficacy. The present study aimed comparin Clinical Efficacy of ACT Matrix with ACT Focused on Compassion and Hofmann's CBT on social anxiety disorder. This study was as Single blinded clinical trial with a single-case experimental study non-concurrent multiple baseline design, who performed on 9 students with social anxiety disorder who were selected based on purposive random sampling. The treatment lasted for 12 sessions (60 minutes) with two-month follow-up. To compare the results of these two treatment models, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (Heimberg & et al, 1999),Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (Raes & et al, 2011) Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Second Version, Bond & et al, 2011) and the Valued Living Questionnaire (Wilson & et al, 2010) were used.Data were analyzed by visual drawing, recovery percentage,stable change index and six indicators of clinical efficiency. The results showed that all three intervention methods reduced social anxiety (Z<-2.58) and increased flexibility (Z>2.58). However, Hofmann's CBT was not clinically effective and meaningful in increasing self-compassion and valued living (Z<1.96). these results were maintained at the end of the 2-month follow-up period. The ACT Matrix and ACT focused on compassion in terms of the magnitude of change, stability, universality of change and safety are more effective Clinical Efficacy than Hoffmann's CBT, But all three interventions were similar in acceptability and generality of change.

Social anxiety disorder is one of the most difficult anxiety disorders in resistance to therapy.Therefore, the use of unified transdiagnostic experimental therapy is essential.The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ACT Matrix and ACT Focused on Compassion on social anxiety disorder.

This study was a clinical trial with a single-case experimental study non-concurrent multiple baseline design, who performed on 6 students with social anxiety disorder who were selected based on purposive random sampling. The treatment lasted for 12 sessions (60 minutes) with two-month follow-up. To compare the results of these two treatment models, the Social Anxiety Scale (Liebowitz),Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (Raes & et ‌‌al) Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Second Version, Bond & et al) and the Valued Living Questionnaire (Wilson & et ‌al) were used. Data were analyzed by visual drawing, recovery percentage,stable change index and six indicators of clinical efficiency.

The results indicated that both methods of ACT Matrix and ACT Focused on Compassion reduced social anxiety (Z< -1.96) and increased acceptance and action flexibility, self-compassion, and a valuable life in the last stage of therapy and follow-up is effective and significant (Z>1.96). Furthermore, the results of this study in the follow-up phase indicated the continuity of the effectiveness and efficiency of these two integrated interventions on social anxiety disorder.

This study supports the effectiveness of the Matrix of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and the treatment of compassion-focused acceptance and commitment in students with social anxiety disorder.

Social anxiety disorder is one of the most difficult anxiety disorders in resistance to therapy.Therefore, the use of unified transdiagnostic experimental therapy is essential.The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ACT Matrix and CBT based on the Hofmann's model on social anxiety disorder.

This study was a clinical trial with a single-case experimental study non-concurrent multiple baseline design, who performed on 6 students with social anxiety disorder who were selected based on purposive random sampling. The treatment lasted for 12 sessions (60 minutes) with two-month follow-up. To compare the results of these two treatment models, the Social Anxiety Scale (Liebowitz),Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (Raes & et‌al) Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Second Version, (Bond & et al) and the Valued Living Questionnaire (Wilson & etal) were used. Data were analyzed by visual drawing, recovery percentage,stable change index and six indicators of clinical efficiency.

In the ACT Matrix group, the percentage of overall recovery after treatment in the variable of Social Anxiety is 63.1%, variable of Flexibility 66.06%,variable of Valued Living 62.50%, variable of Self-Compassion 68.50% and In the CBT Hofmann's group, the percentage of overall recovery after treatment in the variable of Social Anxiety was 61.20%, variable of Flexibility 58.80%,variable of Valued Living 32.80%, variable of Self-Compassion 23.90%.

This study supports the higher effectiveness of the ACT Matrix to compared CBT based on the Hofmann's model in Valued Living and Self-Compassion in students with social anxiety disorder.

The purpose of this study is to produce Zn/ZnO Nanocomposite coatings using cold spray process for sputtering targets applications. Nanocomposite powders were synthesized with different weight percentages of 25, 50 and 75 of ZnO nanoparticles using mechanical milling process. The feedstock was sprayed on pure copper substrates using nitrogen gas at a constant temperature of 150 °C, pressure of 15 bar and the stand-off distance of 35 mm. The morphology of composite powders was studied using transmiton electron microscopy; and the wear surface, microstructure and wear debris were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The effect of different values of ZnO nanoparticles on the wear behavior, adhesion strength and surface roughness of the coatings were studied. The coatings are evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, three‐point bending tests, roughness analysis. The results showed that by increasing the nanoparticles, due to breaking and crushing of powders, as well as the lack of proper bonding of the ZnO particles to the substrate, the friction coefficient decreases and then increases with decreasing the surface roughness of the coldsprayed surface, While the adhesion strength, first increases and then decreases. It was also found that increasing the ceramic particles, change the mechanism of adhesive wear to abrasive wear.

Difficulty in regulating emotional excitement and anxiety sensitivity are two key factors in social anxiety disorder. In examining the underlying mechanisms of the disorder, the researchers concluded that avoiding experiencing emotions, thoughts, and moving away from valuable life goals, strengthens the psychological inflexibility of the social context and behavioral functions of therapists. The aim of this study was to review the hexagonal model of psychological flexibility, compassion-based therapy, functional analytical psychotherapy and matrix therapy for acceptance and commitment to social anxiety disorder and other anxiety disorders. For this purpose, in a review study, published articles on the treatment of social anxiety disorder were reviewed in Scopus databases from 1997 to 2019. What seems to be the model of treatment of acceptance and commitment and compassion therapy is effective in reducing social anxiety disorder. The results of this study support the difficulty of regulating emotional excitement and anxiety sensitivity in social anxiety disorder. It seems that avoiding experiencing emotions, thoughts, and moving away from the valuable goals of life, strengthens the psychological flexibility in the social context and behavioral functions of therapists.

Response to stock exchange crimes is a function of the relationship betweenthe government and the economy; In this regard, with a view to changing thetheory of government intervention in the economy from welfare state toregulator governments and the difference between the level and the mode ofgovernment intervention in the economy, two models can be explained; Themodel of traditional response and repression is with the full intervention ofthe government. This model is criticized because it does not work in light ofthe complex stock market crimes, sovereignty intervention and criminaljustice practice and not only is it not beneficial to apply this tool with thetools and guarantees of criminal enforcement, it also damages the economyof the community and closes parts of it.Also, in the traditional criminal justice model, the response is limited tospecific penalties due to the complexity of the crimes and the violations ofthe stock exchange, it will not result in compensation for the losses of thestock exchange victims, who are generally investors and shareholders. Thesecond model is the economic adjustment model that maintains the basis ofthe response to maintaining the economic order;Along with monitoring and controlling crimers in order to recover andrepair the damages inflicted on the body of the economy of the community,it knows and has a greater role to play in preventing losses and losses ofstock exchange crimes; Along with monitoring and controlling offenders inorder to recover and repair the damages inflicted on the body of the economyof the community, it knows and has a greater role to play in preventinglosses and losses of stock exchange offenses; It follows from the descriptiveanalyticalapproach that the entry of criminal rights in response to stock andsecurities crimes as a regulatory mechanism should be used as the last stepand the last resort. In this article, by understanding the principles governingthe economic regulatory system and its tools, we will evaluate traditionalcriminal justice methods and economic regulatory to responding to stockexchange crimes.

A look at past research shows that quality work has been done in the field of urban economics and management and its research background is profound. But little work has been done on the cost to municipalities of small towns due to the lack of funding for civil projects. This research is in this regard. The purpose of this research is to empirically analyze the costs imposed on a small town, Ajin, in the year 1396 due to the non-allocation of civil credits. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.

In order to find the answer to the research question by face to face interview, experts of Hamadan governorate, municipality experts and trustees of the city investigated the obstacles and problems related to delay in municipal projects. Considering the above problems and studying related articles, a 36-item questionnaire was designed to identify non-financial problems imposed on the municipality due to the lack of development credits. The questionnaire was given to a number of experts (4 from the municipality, 3 from the governorate and 3 from the trustees) to determine the validity of the questions. The main question remains.

The results show that citizens' dissatisfaction with development, urban social and political problems, infrastructural problems, lack of proper planning, reduced cooperation of service providers, reduced urban vitality, dissatisfaction with the performance of municipal managers and city council, decrease in recruitment Tourism and job cuts have been non-financial costs imposed on the municipality. There was a significant difference between the views of the trustees of the city and those of the governor's and municipal staff. Citizens considered the unnecessary costs incurred due to the lack of timely and appropriate development budgets more than the experts of the governorate. The results of this study will help urban economy managers to better understand the problems of small town municipalities.

Right is a concept that despite its wide usage has a lot of conceptual ambiguity and one cannot give a single definition of it. In Islamic jurisprudence, the issue of the concept of right, its features, and its effects including the possibility of deprivation of right, which is interpreted as the ability of waver of right, has always been studied by the jurisprudents along with its examples and applications. The majority of jurisprudents consider the right to be equal to sovereignty. Some also consider it as kingdom or a rank lower than that. By this definition, the right is posited against ruling one of the main features and requirements of which is the ability of waiver, which makes it distinct from the ruling; in that if it cannot be waived it is not right. Some other jurisprudents regard the right as an independent credit based on which there is a disagreement among them as to the possibility of waiver. However, in any case, there are conditions for deprivation of right such as creating the cause of right and the lack of opposition to the Holy Quran and the tradition.

In the present research, FSW of thin sheets of the 7075-T6 aluminum alloy were investigated. Welding speed was held at 50 mm/min. The tool rotational speeds were 600, 1000 and 1600 rpm. The microstructure was investigated by both transmission electron microscope (TEM) and electron backscattered diffraction scans (EBSD). The results indicated that several phenomena occur instantly during FSW in the stir zone, such as precipitation, continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), grain growth and precipitates dissolution which have a severe effect on the mechanical properties. It could also be concluded that for thin sheet of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, plastic strain is the dominating factor over heat input of the FSW in determination of the microstructure of the weld zone.

Formation and evolution of order-disorder microstructure of γ/γʹ phases plays an important role in high temperature strength of cast nickel-based superalloys. Accordingly, the characterization of formation mechanism, as well as morphology and interface of γ and γʹ phases, are very important to control the mechanical properties of nickel-based superalloys. Formation of γ' precipitates inside the γ phase matrix often occurs by classical nucleation and growth mechanism. Recently, some researches have reported the formation of γ' precipitates by spinodal decomposition mechanism in some Ni-based superalloys. In the present study, the spinodal decomposition phenomena in a Ni-Al binary system (as a simple model alloy for Ni-based superalloys) has been studied. For this purpose, the Ni-rich region of Ni-Al alloy system was assessed thermodynamically using CALPHAD method. The Gibbs free energy of γ and γʹ phases for this alloy system was calculated employing two sublattice model. Then, the possibility of spinodal decomposition was investigated from the thermodynamic point of view by the study of the Gibbs energy curves in different ranges of temperature. Due to the thermodynamic modeling results, a proper heat treatment procedure was designed for Ni-18Al (at.%) alloy and characterized by means of 3D atom probe tomography (APT) analysis. According to the modeling and experimental results, it was found that γ' precipitates were formed by spinodal decomposition under higher supersaturation conditions.

It is the main focus of criminal policy of any country to prevent and cope with crimes, and to realize this objective, various means should be utilized in participatory, judicial and legislative types of criminal policy. With increasing expansion of cyberspace, using of computers and internet by people and possibility of crime against information technology, it is of a great importance to set an appropriate criminal policy against cybercrimes. Legislative criminal policy is a regulatory task in a country by which the regulation body will take technical measures in order to secure cyberspace sometimes implicitly and sometimes explicitly while dealing with cybercrimes; of which one of the most important measures is enactments of Cyberspace High Council. In participatory criminal policy, different governmental and non-governmental tools are used for prevention of and coping with crime. One method for having control on cybercrimes which can be done by civil bodies and individuals with participation of people and can be considered as an example of “enjoining good and forbidding bad” in prevention cybercrimes is supervision on inputs and outputs; by which it is tried to block access of attackers to financial information which can be done for example by using of passwords in computers and anti-monitoring software as one of the most important methods of it. In judicial criminal policy which is reflected in judicial procedures and verdicts of courts, is the judiciary acting as with a preventive approach regarding cybercrimes with the help of other authorities such as MAHER Center (CERTCC – Computer Emergency Response Team Coordination Center), APA Center (CERT – Computer Emergency Response Team) and Cyber Police.

Progress in our knowledge of seismic systems due to modern research and observations about recent earthquakes, makes it necessary to review building regulations and rene former versions from time to time. Analysis software also needs to be updated according to these changes, to cope with new requirements. In standard \AISC341-10", it is mentioned that beams and columns should be braced in special concentrically braced frames. After structure analysis and design, according to design regulations, rst, the braces should be eliminated, and the oors restrained against side movement in order to avoid structural instability. Then, after applying the highest expected tensional and compressional forces along the eliminated braces, structures with gravity loads should be analyzed. Using this new regulation, emergence of plastic hinges in bars and pillars will be avoided as long as possible, and the braces can be used for energy amortization. Due to the inability of current software, like ETABS, SAP2000, to apply loads along brace elements, these forces should be decomposed to horizontal and vertical elements. This method, specically in high-rise structures containing many braced bays, is too complex, time consuming and prone to error. Also, considering the reciprocal eects of earthquakes, this control should be applied twice in order to design the structure for worst case scenarios "In this paper, the new temperature variation loading method is proposed. This method is more ecient than current force loading methods, and it can be used to analyze and design building frames with concentrically braced. The temperature variation loading method has resulted from the concept of thermal strains and stresses, and is performable by the mentioned analytic software. Actually, instead of force loading, the corresponding temperature variation is assigned to brace members in the appropriate analytic software, and - nally, it becomes easy to control the mentioned provisions in the above regulations. The elasticity module of the braces is altered in order to eliminate thermal strains. Without this change, utilizing temperature variation loading is impossible. Another advantage of the temperature variation method is that the corresponding themorature change of tension elements is the same for every stage of the structure, and is independent of section type. This method is more applicable for highrise structures containing many braced bays, because it needs less accuracy in comparison to the force loading method and also reduces the time of analysis and design of the structure.

Matat trade means no contract or offer and acceptance, the most valuable consideration contracts accepted. One of Matat that has long been the subject of discussion jurists, marriage is Mataty. The main problem in this regard, and rejected the validity of the marriage. Many jurists, marriage Mataty NmyDannd Vvjvd correct word in the offer and acceptance of these Terms know the validity of marriage. Moreover, some of the marriage ritual or social order-notes, but seems, HychKdam of the NmyTvan AynHa strong evidence to create a new condition for entry into marriage and marriage ceremonies term in he said. Check the validity and invalidity arguments in Islamic Jurisprudence and Law of Marriage Mataty also necessary condition for the validity of marriage NmyDand. In contrast, as the validity of contracts and AsalhAlshh BnabradlhAy Nmy be the sentence of nullity of marriage Mataty. That's why, even though the term, meaning Dardvafrad Mdtabray talk openly express their opinions, Byshtrazlfz moved to this defeat, AyjadanhsarnmyKnd. So if an accomplished other than the word was clear, the reason Branhsaralam will not by word. Outstanding acts of will, which can be any of the current community Drrf, indicating intention is Brnkah.

Jurisdiction represents the powers that have been granted by law to administer to take a decision in order to protect the public interest and respect for the rights and freedoms of its citizens by evaluation, interpretation and selection. This legal institution gives wide powers to administer wich require application of some principles and standards for regulating those powers. For this reason, judicial review is necessary on the basis of relevants standards. One of the issues requiring these standards is the abuse of power. It means that the public authorities possessing the legal authority use it for purposes other than those provided for by the legislator and apply irrelevant considerations or donot regard the relevant considerations. Because of this, judicial review has been provided for in the case-law of England and Iran. In private law and Islamic Jurisprudence, there is also the concept of abuse of right that seems to be related with this institution and there are some similarities and differences among them.

Coping stress is one of the occupational challenges of teachers. This study aims to identify and compare coping strategies of single and married teachers of mentally retarded students and normal students in Tehran province. Research design of this study is causative-comparative. Using cluster sampling method, 200 subjects were selected and assigned into 2 equal groups. Data was collected using the multidimensional coping strategies scale by Livneh, Maron & Kaplan (1996). Data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis Of Variance (MANOVA), Impact analysis of variance and paired comparisons. The results show that no significant difference was observed between the coping strategies of single teachers and married teachers (P> 0.05). In addition, deferring coping strategies in teachers of mentally-handicapped students and teachers of normal students was significantly different (P<0.001). While, direct confrontation, trust in divinity and abstention from involvement coping strategies were not significantly different between the two groups of teachers (P> 0.05). Teachers of mentally-handicapped students utilize the principles of psychology and educational sciences more than teachers of normal students. They try to increase their resistance and improve their practical plans for controlling sources of stress by more utilizing deferring coping strategy.

The purpose of this Research was to identify problems and treating methods of children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The risk of mistake in diagnosing ADHD includes a wide range of behaviors that would be differentiated from ADHD. Thus, clinical and school specialists should take care in diagnosis and take family record and other diagnosis criteria into account. Clinical assessment of ADHD should be comprehensive and multidimensional. Therapeutic interventions should begin after comprehensive assessment and exact diagnosis. Several pharmaceutical and psychological interventions such as medication, behavioral interventions, cognitive behavioral interventions, training parents, training social skills, relaxation and multimodal therapies have been proposed for treating children and adolescents with ADHD. A comprehensive treatment plan is what teachers, school psychologists, physicians and clinical specialists effectively cooperate in its performance.

Electronic money is an instrument for Electronic payment Which has nearly all functions of physical money and doesn’t have its disadvantages. Electronic Money has many similarities with physical money but there are many challenges concerning its nature. Bill and physical money like notes, coins and electronic money are used in everyday business. In trades using physical money, the promise will be done immediately after handing the money. For determining this point in electronic payments, we need to explain the nature of electronic money as a bill or a means for electronic payment. If we consider electronic money as bill then by the moment of paying, the promise will be performed and the bank who published the electronic money won’t be responsible in front of those who receive the money, but if we consider it merely as a means of electronic payment, then we cannot say that the promise would be performed by the moment we use electronic money and the bank who published the money would be responsible for the performance of promise. In this research we are going to discuss different approaches concerning electronic Money and finally give a complete and comprehensive approach in order to answer the questions about Electronic money.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)، has harmful effect on education and relationship with parents، teachers and the others. The aim of this research was to study the simultaneous effects of intervention strategies in reduce the impulsive type of ADHD’s symptoms. The research is based Multiple baseline experimental single case study in sixteen weekly session using on a high school boy student with mental retardation. The data is collected with clinical interview using diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (DSM-IV TR)، Conners teacher rating scale form (1969)، parent form (1999). It is analyzed based on improvement percentage and reliable change index (RCI). Consequences showed that the effects of intervention strategies in reduction of impulsivity are meaningful in clinical aspects. Simultaneous effects of intervention strategies in reduction of impulsivity are efficient and effective.

In this study copper coatings were deposited by cold spraying, under different spraying conditions. Microstructure of the coatings was investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis were used to examine the quality of the coatings, especially with regards to the extent of the bonded area between the particles. As shown in SEM results, the electrolytic-powder exhibited a much higher population of internal boundaries, as compared to the spherical powder sample. This means that even for identical values of FBA for both types of sample, the electrolytic sample would contain a larger amount of non-bonded areas per unit volume. The results of DSC indicated exothermic reactions at certain temperatures that maybe related to spray conditions and microstructural properties. The samples sprayed at higher pressures, have lower non bonded areas. TGA also has confirmed this result. Moreover, it can be concluded, the spherical powders cause more compact coatings. So, thermal analysis can be utilized reliably to examine the fraction of bonded areas in cold-sprayed deposits.