دکترنیره شاه محمدی

With the decrease in the rural population rate, educational services in the rural community in our country are facing serious challenges. The number of students in some rural primary schools does not reach the quorum. Also, technical skill in other levels of education has caused a decrease in productivity in the production of agriculture, industry and construction, mining and rural economy services. One of the ways out is to create an education network. The new education in the rural community is based on the opinion of experts. The statistical community and its attribute is based on the number of rural households in the country, which was scored using Cochran's method. 53 statistical samples were scored for the reliability and validity of the questions with the opinion of experts. It was weighted and prioritized. The findings of the research show that: the most important factors in the main criterion are environmental factors in order of first priority and sub-criteria "proper infrastructure in the rural community and household income, continuation of education support costs" In the 1st and 2nd ranks, "flexibility in time and place" is in the 4th rank. Also, in the sociological factors - its sub-criterion, "computer literacy and correct use of computers" is the third priority. "Library, banner and poster, the content of textbook concepts and instant access to information on the network" in priorities 5, 6 and 7 are the best effective factors of empowering modern education technology in rural society.

Recognizing and addressing students’ needs is a crucial step in designing effective educational programs (Levi, 2010, p. 88). To engage students and meet their requirements, curricula should be adaptable and evolve to align with their interests (Smith, 2009, p. 9). However, Iran's current centralized curriculum system is not adequately preparing students for real-life challenges (Ramzaninejad, Hemtinejad, & Benar, 2003, p. 107), as numerous studies have shown (Javanmard & Pour Garhami, 2014, p. 31; Aminon et al., 2015, p. 1021; Bagheri & Rahimian, 2016, p. 259; Al-Ahmadi & Sharfi Abqa, 2015, p. 111). High school students believe the current program does not meet their needs (Haj Hosseini, Shabeiri, & Farajollahi, 2015, p. 2315; Sarmadi, Ghanbari, & Talebian Sharif, 2018, p. 564), indicating a disconnect between the curriculum and students' and society's needs (Perrota & Keese, 2024, p. 2). Despite this, educational documents emphasize the importance of students being active, influential, and creative individuals who take ownership of their learning (National Curriculum Document, paragraphs 12, 4-3, and 12-8; Education Reform Document, paragraph 1-16). To enhance the education system's effectiveness, it is essential to create content that resonates with students' genuine needs, promote educational equity, and ensure equal access to resources (National Curriculum Document, 2011, p. 1; Education Reform Document, 2011, p. 1). This approach fosters lifelong learning, collaborative education, and a more inclusive environment. By designing flexible frameworks that transcend traditional boundaries, education can overcome time and place constraints, enabling conscious, voluntary, and engaging lifelong learning. Given the significance of understanding students' needs, this study aims to identify these needs and determine what students should be learning. Specifically, this research will evaluate the needs of junior high school students in Mashhad.

This study employs a survey methodology, utilizing a semi-structured questionnaire to gather data. The statistical population consisted of 79,000 junior high school students in Mashhad. The sample size was calculated using the Cochran formula to be 384 students. To select the sample group, four districts of Mashhad were chosen (east District 5, north District 6, west District 4, and south District 3), and then two boys' schools and two girls' schools were selected from each district. Students were randomly selected from these schools to participate in the sample group. A researcher-made questionnaire was designed to determine the basic needs of the junior high school students. The questionnaire consisted of general, demographic, and main questions based on theoretical foundations and research objectives. To establish the reliability of the instrument, 30 junior high school students were initially selected and asked to respond to the questionnaire twice, with a one-month interval. The reliability was then calculated using the correlation between the questions, which was 0.7, indicating suitable reliability. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, one-sample chi-square test, and Friedman test were employed. 

The research findings identified the top ten needs of junior high school students as follows:Introduction to cinema and music (293 responses) Methods for recognizing and analyzing political and social issues (266) Introduction to academic fields and entrance examinations (242) Introduction to famous stories and novels (234) Curricular and extracurricular materials (216) Teaching strategies for dealing with social issues (207) Teaching the art of storytelling (191) Developing problem-solving skills (188) Introducing methods for happiness and vitality (178) Introducing applied sciences, technical, and professional skills (176) In contrast, the least important needs, as perceived by students, were:Education on citizenship rights and duties (77 responses) Moral education (74) Addressing religious questions and doubts (72) Group education and decision-making (70) When categorized, the average ratings of high school students’ needs showed that Scientific and educational materials ranked highest with an average of 5.03, while political materials ranked ninth with an average of 1.459. The remaining needs, in order of importance, were:Religious and moral content with an average of 4.10 Spiritual and psychological needs with an average of 2.76 Social and cultural needs with an average of 2.35 Economic, job, and professional skills with an average of 1.92 Recreation and entertainment with an average of 1.97 Wellness, health, and safety with an average of 1.90 Artistic and literary materials with an average of 1.18 The results of the Friedman test indicate a chi-square value of 538.247, significant at a level of less than 0.05 (p < 0.05), demonstrating differences in the importance students attribute to various types of needs (0.001 > p, 5 degrees of freedom, 538.247 = chi-square value).

The findings indicate that students prioritize scientific and educational needs, followed closely by religious and moral content. The three categories of spiritual and psychological skills, as well as social, cultural, economic, and professional needs, are also important to students. However, entertainment, literary and artistic, health, safety, and political needs are less of a concern for students. The research findings of this study are in line with the research results of Diba Vajari, Hosseinian, and Qaedi (2011), Hamidi (2005), Akbari and Sharifi (2008), and Salimi (2003). The results can be explained by considering the significant impact of media, cultural-social changes, virtual interactions, and the evolving needs, attitudes, lifestyle, and cultural consumption of students. The fluidity and change that occur every three years in the lives of junior high school students necessitate continuous audience analysis for this age group. To cater to the diverse and varied needs of these students, it is essential to address the increasing trend of social harms that affect them at a younger age and extend into adolescence. The sensitivity and importance of the adolescent period, identity issues, independence-seeking, and conflicting attractions and interests during this period make education on topics related to mental and psychological counseling, strengthening resilience and life skills, marriage, and family formation crucial. Curriculum planners and educational content producers should seriously consider these essential needs. Furthermore, given the highly politicized society and the surge of political news and events, students are naturally drawn to these subjects. Developing a suitable program for political education, scientific understanding of issues, and systematic analysis of political matters is a necessity.

The aim of this study is to investigate the cultural and educational needs of secondary school students. This study is an applied and exploratory research using a mixed data collection approach, incorporating qualitative (document review) and quantitative (social survey using a semi-structured questionnaire in the virtual space) methods. The qualitative segment involves identifying prescriptive needs through document analysis (Document of Fundamental Education Reform, National Curriculum, and Objectives of Formal and Public Education). Subsequently, based on the findings, a framework of concepts and variables for the needs assessment questionnaire of high school students was developed. The initial questionnaire was validated (with a reliability coefficient of 0.7 for all questions), then administered to a sample of 708 high school students to ascertain their stated needs. A comparison was made between the prescriptive and normative needs derived from documents and interviews. Data analysis involved coding with an inductive method for the qualitative part, while the quantitative approach utilized descriptive statistics, one-sample chi-square test, and the Farid Mann test. The results uncovered a disparity between the needs articulated by high school students and those documented in reviews. The documents prioritize education, socialization, religious and political training of students; however, students themselves emphasized artistic and literary needs, entertainment, and job skills as their primary concerns.

The dynamism of primary schools is fundamental as an essential tool for raising the level of empowerment and educational promotion. Therefore, education should change the existing adaptive role to a reproductive role, provide dynamic conditions for each student, and favorably control the educational environment to quickly access new information, accelerate work, change, and continuous improvement. Furthermore, ultimately meet the new expectations of students. This research has designed a dynamic school model using consecutive exploratory research.The present study is a descriptive survey based on a combined approach of consecutive exploratory types (taxonomic development model or classification) applied purpose and data collection method. In the first stage, a data-based qualitative method (data foundation) and an interview technique were used to construct the model. Sources of data collection in this section included semi-structured interviews with theoretical saturation (with 15 people), which were converted into textual data. Then the text was coded using this data to identify components. The dynamic school was introduced in elementary schools and provided a model. The results of the qualitative section were designed based on the measuring instruments according to the identified components in the form of a 52-item questionnaire, and experts confirmed its face and content validity and finally reached a reliability coefficient of 96%. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the validity of the proposed model. The statistical population in the quantitative part of the professors of educational management of Farhangian University and the principals and teachers active in primary education and primary schools which implemented the dynamic school project in Tehran schools was 600 people who used a stratified random sampling method. Based on Krejcie and Morgan's table, 230 people were determined, and Amos software was used for quantitative data analysis. In the qualitative section, 15 experts and informants in the two areas of school dynamics and primary schools were purposefully selected using the snowball method and Atlas. Ti software was used to analyze the qualitative data.

This research aimed to investigate the degree of adaptation of media formats and artistic aspects of Roshd Nojavan magazine to the media needs and interests of first-year high school students. This study is exploratory research in which a qualitative method (content analysis) and a survey (survey of students) were used. The sample in the qualitative part included nine issues of Roshd Nojavan Magazine published during the three years of 2020, 2021, and 2022, and the quantitative was  708 high school students. The research tools were content Checklist forms and semi-structured questionnaires. The reliability of the checklist forms and the questionnaire were 0.8 and  0.7 respectively. To analyze the data, coding of the texts with an inductive approach was used in the qualitative part, and descriptive statistics,  one-sample chi-square test, and the Farid Mann test were used in the quantitative part. In general, the results show that in terms of media formats, the magazine, in the formats of articles, entertainment, humor, and comic strips and headlines were completely in accord with the needs of students, in the formats of reports and notes, there was relative compliance, but in the format of interviews, the performance of the magazine was weak. And it is far from what students expect. From the artistic and aesthetic aspects of the magazine, the three indicators: letter size, the visualization of the magazine, and the color of the photos, do not fully comply with the needs and interests of the students, and adaptation of the students' need with the size of the photos is average.

This study investigated the effect of play based on constructivism learning environment on collaborative learning and social development of elementary students. The research method was quasi-experimental design. Students were purposefully selected and randomly divided in the two groups of 15 experimental and 15 control. The reason for selecting this number of students was the problem of the researcher in accessing the students for educational intervention in the Pandemic of Coronavirus. To collect data, Johnson`s collaborative learning questionnaire (1999), Elliott`s Social development questionnaire (1990) and the Training package of "game based on constructivism learning environment" was used. In the pre-test stage, "Collaborative learning" and "social development" questionnaires were administered to both groups. Then the experimental group was trained using games based on the constructivism learning environment and the control group were taught in traditional way. In the post-test stage, the same questionnaires were administered again to both groups. After collecting data, the analysis was performed in descriptive and inferential sections, while confirming the research hypotheses, the results showed that using play based on constructivism learning environment, has significantly increased significantly Collaborative learning and social development of students of experimental group

The purpose of this study is to provide a model for using cloud computing tools with a collaborative learning approach and its validation. The method of present study is a mixture of exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) type. The research method in the qualitative stage is content analysis. The participants in the qualitative section were selected using purposive sampling (snowball) of 20 computer engineering and curriculum planning experts familiar with educational technology and the population in the quantitative section of all faculty members of computer engineering and curriculum planning familiar with the educational technology, and data collection was continued until theoretical saturation. The statistical population in the quantitative part of all faculty members of computer engineering and curriculum planning was aware of the educational technology of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran in 1998. And quantitative sampling method was performed according Morgan table using simple random sampling method. In order to analyze the data from descriptive statistics, the content of the interviews was analyzed using coding method (open source, pivotal and selective) and exploratory-confirmatory analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the correlations between the data are suitable for factor analysis and have the necessary and sufficient coherence to explain the factors and components of using cloud computing tools with a collaborative learning approach in higher education and its subscales.

Considering the importance of two variables, self-directed learning and academic achievement in the education system, it is necessary to use teaching-learning methods to achieve these two important goals. Flipped learning is one of the new educational methods that can facilitate learning and improve academic achievement of students especially in science class. Therefore, the present study attempts to investigate the effectiveness of flipped learning method on increasing the self-directed learning and academic achievement of sixth grade elementary students in the science course. The methodology was the quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design and control group. The statistical population consisted of 1327 students of six-grade elementary male students who had been studying in schools of district 14, Tehran, Iran, in the academic years of 2018-2019. The research sample is composed of six grade elementary male students who were selected by available sampling method. Subjects were randomly assigned into two experimental group and control group (each group had 15 subjects). The experimental group was taught by flipped learning for eight weeks while the control group was taught by traditional method. Self-directed learning questionnaire of Fischer et al (2001), (whose reliability was 85/0) and one academic achievement test (with difficulty level above 0/65 and discriminant index above 0/6 and reliability 0/793), were used to collect data. Furthermore, to analyze the data, analysis of covariance test was employed. The results showed that flipped learning method would increase self-directed learning and its components such as self-management, self-regulation, and self- motivations in the students. What is more, flipped learning would improve sixth grade elementary student academic achievement in the science course.

Cloud computing-based collaborative learning is the development of computer-supported collaborative learning. It is a basic technique that can create a cloud environment for collaborative learning and support training through cloud computing. The aim of this study was to design a model for applying collaborative learning based on cloud computing in higher education. The research method was conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach and using grounded theory approach. The participants of the study were faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran Province in 2019-2020 year, which using the purposeful sampling approach and interviewing 18 people. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed based on the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin Foundation data theory in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. The results showed that 310 basic conceptual propositions with 9 main categories and 21 sub-categories in the form of six dimensions of the paradigm model include: causal causes (2 categories); The main phenomenon (participatory learning based on cloud computing); Strategy (2 categories); Background conditions (2 categories); Environmental conditions (1 category) and outcome (2 categories) were identified In the form of a paradigm model including participatory learning based on cloud computing as a central phenomenon and causal conditions (interactive factors and human factors), Underlying conditions (internal conditions and external conditions), Interventional factors (challenges of participatory learning in the cloud environment), Strategies (training strategies and support strategies) And consequences (educational consequences and emotional consequences) were organized.

The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a strategic training model and explaining its role in human resource development. This research is an applied research that has used the mixed exploratory method as the research method. The statistical population in the qualitative section is 27 people and a small number of 400 experts in the field of training and development of human resources and strategy of Saipa Automotive Group have been used as participants. Purposeful sampling method was used in the qualitative and stratified random sections in the quantitative section. Data collection tools in the qualitative part included semi-structured interviews and in the quantitative part included a researcher-made questionnaire. For data analysis in the qualitative part, excel software and quantitative AMOS and SPSS software, version 19 were used. Data analysis method In the qualitative part, including the basic data method (open, axial and selective coding) in the quantitative part, the method of path analysis, Pearson correlation and factor analysis have been used. The results of this research in the qualitative part led to the formation of a strategic training model with the aim of developing human resources in Saipa Automotive Group. It was a strategy for human resource development. The findings of this study can provide practical and operational tools for the development of human resources in Saipa Automotive Group.

 The present study aims to investigate the obstacles to the development of religious thought in students from Islamic Azad University faculty members’ point of view.

The study is a survey method. The statistical population comprised all 189 faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of South Tehran Branch and all included in the sample. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, comprised 48 questions in five dimensions (Individual, Family, Sociocultural, Economical, Attitudes and motivations) with a reliability of 0.82. One-sample and independent groups T-test, and one-way Anova used for data analysis.

The faculty members considered individual (mean 4.22), family (3.13 average), sociocultural (mean 3.30) and attitude and motivational (4.12 average) barriers as the important barriers to the formation of religious thought in the students.

To promote religious thought, it is needed to pay special attention to the engineering of students’ thinking development plans, to revise the cultural planning of the universities.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of student growth journals on the development of planning skills and study among students.

This study was a post-event study. The statistical population of the second year elementary and first and second year high school students in Tehran and Alborz provinces in the 2017-18 academic year was 683989. Using Cochranchr('39')s formula of 1890 people, the sample size was determined and selected by multi-stage random sampling method. A combined questionnaire consisting of two questionnaires of Dr. Seifchr('39')s planning and study skills and question growth journals was used. The face validity of the questionnaire was assessed and determined by 10 experts. The reliability of the questionnaire with Cronbachchr('39')s alpha was 0.7. Data were analyzed using frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation, univariate t-test, chi-square and analysis of variance using SPSS software.

The results of two-way analysis of variance test (gender interaction and course) showed that there was a significant difference between the effect of reading growth journals on general study skills, between male and female students and in study courses. In other words. The effect of these journals on general reading skills in girls is more than boys (f = 3.907, P <0.048, θ = 0.02).

The results showed that the study of journals has improved the development of planning skills and course study, including: planning and scheduling of course study and preparation for exams in students. The extent of this effect was higher among female students than male students.

This study aimed to examine the impact of philosophy education on critical thinking of primary girl school students in Rey. The research method was applied and quasi-experimental using pre-test-post test design with a control group. From the statistical population of six-grade girl students of Shahre-Rei, 60 people were selected as a sample. Thirty students were assigned randomly into experimental and control groups. The Training for the experimental group was done during 10 sessions, one hour each session, but the control group continued its activities without training. The training was conducted using Lippmann's Philosophy Education Program for children. The research instrument was the Ritex Critical Thinking Questionnaire, the reliability of which was obtained after being administered to 30 students using Cronbach's alpha (0.82). The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results of data analysis showed that the impact of teaching philosophy to children on critical thinking and its components (creativity, commitment, maturity) is significant and the Critical thinking level of six grade students increased.

This research was content analysis of the 10 grade media literacy and thought textbook from the perspective of six major problem solving information literacy skills .In this research content analysis and survey methods were used . The statistical population consisted of the content of the 10th grade thought and media literacy textbook in 2018 and 332 teachers of media literacy. The sample were thought text book and 180teachers whom were selected using Cochran formula and cluster sampling method. Data collection tools were two researcher made tools : a checklist and a questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by ten subject specialists and their reliability were estimated by William Scott's formula (96.66) and Cronbach's alpha (0.78). For data analysis, frequency percentage, mean, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and one-sample t-test were used. The findings showed: The use of information had the lowest score and the evaluation skills had the highest score . In the text book , to the ability to describe the task and task definitions; information search strategies; locating and accessing information was not paid attention at all. From the teachers' point of view, the task of describing the problem and defining the task has been given the least attention, and the skill of evaluation has given the most attention.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self-awareness skills training on self-regulation and responsibility of nursing students. The research was conducted in a quasi-experimental manner with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all first year nursing students from among whom 30 people were selected using simple random sampling method and in the experimental and control groups, 15 people were replaced in each group. The instruments used in this study were the Kordloo Responsibility Questionnaire (2010) and the Pintrich and Diegruth (1990) Self-Regulatory Strategies Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS software. The results showed that self-awareness skills training has a positive effect on students' self-regulation and responsibility. Therefore, it is concluded that self-awareness skills can be used to promote self-regulation and responsibility of these students and they can be used as practical, affordable and low-cost methods to increase self-regulation and responsibility. ‌Ability to be used to educate nursing students.

Roshd magazines are published as part of the curriculum and educational package, with the aim of promoting reading and expanding the development of educational concepts and improving the quality of education for all age groups. The method of this qualitative research and its statistical population consisted of all documents and researches related to media and Roshd magazines, media specialists, authors of children's books, educational experts, teachers and students of the whole country. From this population, 50 researches, 20 children's book authors, 80 media specialists, 80 teachers and 96 students were selected by purposive sampling method and interviewed with semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using Charmaz (2004) model. The research findings showed that the most important factors influencing the increase in demand and consumption of Roshd magazines are: attention to the comprehensive needs of the audience, the use of various incentive methods to attract audiences, audience participation in producing journal content, motivation and interest in reading Magazine in the audience, holding competitions and awarding prizes from the content of magazines, allocating hours in the weekly school program to study the magazine, using the content in the teaching-learning process The results showed that the most important factors affecting the development of Roshd magazines in the dimensions of demand and consumption development of magazines, distribution system, content and physical structure were identified that the planners of these magazines should consider.

The present study investigates the factors affecting the adoption of cloud computing in higher education in order to provide a suitable model. The method of this research is qualitative and synthesized research which is done by using content analysis method with meta-synthesis. The statistical population of the study consisted of all studies from 2008 to 2018 in the field of cloud computing in higher education inside and outside Iran. From a total of 5 volumes of books and 75 articles reviewed from reputable internal and external databases, 38 studies were purposely selected based on the thematic relevance of the data. The data was collected through a study jack. In order to analyze the data, coding method was used for qualitative studies. For this purpose, 15 replicate components were identified and finally 74 concepts were extracted as main components. Next, the coding and categorization of the information obtained from the research, the theoretical foundations of the cloud computing domain, the main categories and themes were extracted. The results of the inductive and hybrid content analysis of the categories lead to the emergence of a conceptual framework in the area of ​​cloud computing acceptance in higher education around 4 dimensions: technology, environment, individual and organizational

The objective behind this study has been evaluation of school students’ Progress Magazine (Roshd) from perspectives of experts, teachers and students. This research work is based on descriptive survey and its statistical population includes three groups of education and Progress Magazines experts, teachers and students of grade 6 of elementary school. The statistic population consists of 25 experts, 38 teachers and 880 students of grade 6. The study is carried out by using Cochran Formula and multi-stage random sampling from 6 provinces of Isfahan, East Azerbaijan, Khorasan Razavi, Khozestan, Mazandaran and Tehran. For data gathering 3 different semi structural interview forms for students, teachers and experts have been designed. The validity of the evaluation tool has been carried out by pretest and calculation of Cohen’s kappa coefficient and the obtained figure was 0.7. For analysis of the collected data the T test of single variable and z test have been used. The results showed that 70 percent of students who took part in the survey believed that topics discussed at the Progress Magazine have contributed to their knowledge and learning capability. Among the educational experts 84.21 percent have said that the said magazine have somehow influenced the learning motivation and studying of students. Two third of the experts believed the magazine is in line with the needs of the students of grade 6 and meets their scientific, life skills needs and encourage their learning motivation.
Teachers, experts and students say that the magazine meets the needs of students and is in line with their education requirements.