رضا یعقوبی

travelogues are an important channel for identifying and introducing the relations governing the era that the travelogue narrates. An important part of these relationships are the concepts and institutions that the travel writer has described as a symbol of the apparent difference between the West and the East. Considering the significant cognitive gap between the spatial container of the minds of the authors of these travelogues and the historical space of the subject of the travelogue writers' narrative and considering the newness of the major part of established and conventional legal concepts and institutions in the time and place of the subject of these travelogues, understanding the narrative The travelogues of these concepts and institutions allow us to get acquainted with their historical background. The description of the authors of these travelogues is descriptive and limited to the appearances of institutions and legal concepts, and all the travelogues who are the subject of this research had no knowledge of the theoretical foundations and background of these concepts and institutions, and only Abdul Latif Shoushtari made scattered references to the break between the old and the new in their thoughts. and the theoretical foundations of these concepts and institutions. In general, the predominance of genre and historical narrative and the lack of theoretical and analytical reflection is the common feature of all these travelogues.

The aim of this study is to study the sociological impact of balanced development on social justice among union and non-union workers. Therefore, in this study, balanced development as a vision and a comprehensive approach to development, as a possibility for societies (primarily workers and secondarily society as a whole) in the realization of human values ​​(freedom, equality, democracy and justice). Social) is considered. The type of research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of time, because it is related to a specific time period; It is cross-sectional. In terms of data collection, it is a survey-field survey. The statistical population of the present study includes factory workers and building contractors in Urmia, which have been identified in two groups of union and non-member workers in the unions, which is a total of 80,000 workers. To select the sample size, Cochran's formula with an error coefficient of 5% was used and 380 workers were selected by stratified method according to the volume. Research findings indicate that balanced development has a significant effect on increasing equality, economic justice, cultural justice, legal justice, distributive justice, political participation and social justice. Also, social justice does not differ among workers based on their gender. Social justice does not differ among workers based on their education.

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model for integrating the development of the agendas of the Public Culture Council. Research in terms of applied purpose; In terms of data, it was an exploratory mix and in terms of nature, it was a cross-sectional survey method based on data theory. The statistical population was the qualitative stage of experts in the field of research that was sampled by purposeful method and snowball. The community was a small group of members and staff of the Council of Public Culture and the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution now and in the past, and a number of managers and experts of the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, numbering 340 people. Samples were taken. The data collection tools were qualitative stage, documents and Delphi interview, and in the quantitative part, there was a questionnaire. In order to validate the instrument, face and content validity were used and to determine the reliability of the instrument, Cronbach's alpha was used. The method of qualitative data analysis was open, axial and selective coding and confirmatory factor analysis test was used to analyze quantitative data. The results obtained in the qualitative stage resulted in presenting a model for integrating the agendas of the Public Culture Council with 6 dimensions, 21 components and 135 indicators. In the quantitative part, the performance of the confirmatory factor analysis test confirmed the findings obtained in the qualitative part. Finally, the model is drawn in the form of six elements of underlying factors, causal factors, intervening factors, strategies and consequences.

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the elements that make up the integration pattern of agendum of the Public Culture Council of the country. The research is applied in terms of purpose, qualitative data based on the foundation data method and descriptive in terms of the nature of implementation. The statistical population consisted of experts and key informants in the field of research subject area (Public Culture Council) that based on a conscious approach and a purposeful method and snowballs, 12 people were selected for interview. For data gathering, library method (documentation) and field method (interview and Delphi technique) were used. In order to determine the validity of the findings, interviews with focal individuals and theoretical saturation techniques, special coding procedures and to determine the validity of data collection techniques from multiple sources, analysis of negative cases and flexibility of the method were used. Finally, theoretical coding technique was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the integration pattern of the composition of the Public Culture Council has 6 dimensions, 32 components and 136 indicators. The components of the final paradigm model are: causal conditions (upstream documents, temporal and spatial conditions and conditions, managerial and organizational decisions and behaviors and technological developments); Interventional conditions (political, economic, cultural-social, religious and mental-perceptual factors); The prevailing context (macro-cultural policies, macro-cultural management, mass media and gatherings, cultural centers, elite groups, and past history and events); Central category (composition of the Council of Public Culture); Strategies (macro-cultural planning, interpersonal and inter-institutional interactions, and capacity building and cultural modeling) and Consequences (efficiency and effectiveness of council decisions and improvement of public culture and reduction of social problems).

AbstractCivil code is the central pin of legal systems in every country. The more the terms of the code are based on popular, present national and historical traditions of the country and, as Seqat-ol-Eslam Tabrizi calls, are congruent with “the taste of the Country,” the more its consistency, durability, and efficiency will be. Iranian Civil Code was likewise compiled by Civil Code Compilers Assembly based on Shia jurisprudence and was legislated by the Legislative Assembly of Iran. With respect to the fact that the code was legislated at the ministerial period of Ali Akbar Davar as the Minister of Justice, some have asserted that he was to compile civil code based on Western communities laws and by utilizing foreigner consultants, an idea which was confronted by Mohammad Mosaddegh; and backtracking from his former idea as a result of Mosaddegh’s speeches in Sixth Constitutional Parliament, Davar decided to compile civil code based on Shia jurisprudence by aid of an Iranian assembly. Investigating and comparing related historical documents, the present study aims to investigate such a hypothesis, and the results indicate that neither Davar was to compile the Civil Code based on Western laws nor Mosaddegh claimed the same posit.

Abstract The concept of law is one of the most fundamental concepts and theoretical foundations of the rule of law, which has played an important role in the formation of the theory of constitutional government. Given the fact that no society was at any time without law and with the presupposition that the concept of law has a developmental syrup and two forms of "new" and "old", and that the new concept of law is in "breakdown" "Or the" continuity "of the old concept has evolved. This article shows that the new concept of law has evolved in the continuity of the old concept but with a different conception of the old sense. Mashtar al-Dawla is the first thinker who, by understanding the different legal basis in both the "old" and "new" forms of the law, comprehended the necessity of establishing a new concept of law and some preliminaries to accomplish this.

Subcutaneous granuloma annulare is a rare subtype of granuloma annulare that take place almost completely in children. The etiology and pathogenesis of subcutaneous granuloma annulare are not completely understood. Precipitating factors such as physical trauma , insect bites, bacterial and viral infections and diabetes have been considered. Case Report: A 3-year-old boy with right thumb lesion from three months ago as well as right forearm lesion refered to us. Cutaneous biopsy from right thumb lesion revealed degenerative collagen fiber (necrobiosis) with palisading histiocytes and lymphocytes with focal mucin deposition. These findings were compatible with subcutaneous granuloma annulare. Subcutaneous granuloma annulare should be included in the differential diagnosis in a child with finger swelling and subcutaneous nodules.

Background and Objectives Platelet concentrates are the most vulnerable blood products with the shortest shelf life. The aim was to assess the quality of produced platelet concentrates in the East Azerbaijan. In addition, the quality of products stored in the blood center was compared by products stored in one hospital during the period of five days.
Materials and Methods In this descriptive study, thirty random donor platelet concentrates during 3 months from April to August 2015 were enrolled in the study. They were randomly classified into two groups, half were sent to the hospital and half remained in the blood center. The changes of their quality (platelet count, WBC count, MPV, pH, bacterial contamination, and CD62P and CD63 expression levels) were examined in the first, third and fifth days of storage in each group and comparison was made by accomplishing the paired sample t-test and t-test as deemed appropriate.
Results All PCs on the first day met the national standard criteria; however, the quality parameters decreased significantly during storage. In addition there were no significant differences in the storage related changes in the quality between the blood center and hospital.
Conclusions The quality of PCs produced in the blood center decreased during the storage time. By improving the storage conditions in the blood centers, it might be possible to extend the storage time of PCs by an acceptable quality. The significant difference was not observed between the platelets stored in the blood center compared to that stored in the hospital.

Nowadays، spirituality is a new fundamental in organization which has a powerful and deep effect on staff''s lives. This powerful force will be achieved when employees’ work and spiritual life are linked. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and dimensions of burnout and demographic variables. This descriptive study – correlation has been done on the 350 personnel of police staff in Sistan-o-Baluchestan. They were selected by convenience sampling method. For gathering information، Spiritual Intelligence questionnaire and Mazlash job Burnout questionnaire with three main areas (emotional exhaustion، depersonalization، a feeling of personal accomplishment) were used. The Data were analyzed with SPSS17 software، descriptive and inferential statistics were also analyzed. The mean and standard deviation of spiritual intelligence was 42. 14 ± 30. 129. Spiritual intelligence only had significant correlation with two emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions (P = 0. 022). Among the demographic characteristics only marital status، age، and job satisfaction had significant relationships with spiritual intelligence (P < 0. 05); but between work experience، education، income satisfaction and spiritual intelligence there was no significant relation (p > 0. 05). Having high level of spiritual intelligence could improve job burnout so this fact suggests to managers to have an eye concern about education and improving spiritual intelligence in staff.

Morphea of the breast is an uncommon clinical disease and may have profound effects on the quality life of the patients. The disease can also mimic inflammatory benign and malignant diseases of the breast and differentiation between them is sometimes very difficult. Herein, we report a case of morphea of the breast in a 28-year- old female with a history of skin changes of the right breast who referred to a general surgeon for possible diagnosis and treatment of the breast cancer. Diagnosis of the breast morphea with skin biopsy was proven after one year. We describe morphea of the breast and discuss our experience on the differentiation of the morphea of the breast with inflammatory breast cancer.

Central area of cities undertakes significant roles to provide urban public life. In this area commercial and noncommercial activities through a network of transportation are connected to all parts of the city. Diversity of usage and functions in this part of urban areas brings many people from all walks of life. This is the reason central urban areas encompass potency of conversion to very attractive space or vice versa to a critical space. The life of Central areas which are downtrodden and difference of habitants in poverty stricken urban downfall with adjacent urban areas create social problems in the twentieth century in the world. This subject calls for inevitable programmable encounter with area poverty stricken urban areas. In dealing with this issue most developed and underdeveloped countries alike have a view of practicable approaches into encounter with category of urban downfall and try with assumption of methods to transform the central areas to desirable and attractive places in the structure of the city. With such methods and considered mechanisms in this context decrease urban downfall with consider difference of habitability qualification occupies people in down stricken urban downfall quarters. The approach of renewal in urban existence in the end two last decades of twentieth century is one of the approaches that regarded of determinant and urban planners, among the alternatives for urban downfall in region of old textures. Sequel of tense problems in the region of old textures, particularly in the central areas of cities that has impacted various dimensions of urban life, governments attend to region of old textures. This approach of renewal in urban life reflects dynamic and Long-Term view of nature. Renewal in urban existence athwart activities of urban development or create of new towns, is the process that should contain one gradual progress. This paper will try with study main pillar and dimensions of approach of renewal in urban life, evaluate the assessment of this problem, to submit minimum profitable solution for improvement of urban old textures

Psoriasis is a common skin disease in which occurrence rates of clinical features of nail psoriasis vary considerably in the literature. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of nail involvement in psoriatic patients, to assess the types of nail changes in psoriasis, furthermore to find eventual relationships between nail involvement and some clinical parameters, and finally compare our clinical findings with the few reports available in the literature. From January 2003 to October 2005, patients suffering from psoriasis with nail involvement, attending at a private dermatology clinic, and at the outpatient Clinic of Dermatology in Imam Khoumeini Hospital, Ahwaz, southwest of Iran, were included in the study. The diagnosis was made clinically and in some cases based on histopathological studies.In our study, 500 patients were studied and 296 (59.2%) patients, 177 males (59.8%) and 119 women (40.2%), had nail changes. The mean age of patients was 35±16.95 years and the mean duration of the nail involvement was 6.9±6.88 years. Men involvement percent was a little more than women (59.8% vs 40.2%). The most common clinical type of psoriasis was plaque type psoriasis (67.2%). The most common nail abnormality observed on both finger nails and toe nails was onycholysis (82.8%), followed by pitting (72.6%), subungual hyperkeratosis (72%), nail thickening (37.5%), discoloration of the nail (36.5%), onychodystrophy (12.8%), oil spot (3.7%), Beau’s line (7.8%), nail loss (1%), and splinter hemorrhage (0.7%). Of the 296 patients, 227 patients (76.7%) had not involvement of the proximal and lateral nail folds, and 69 (23.7%) had involvement of the proximal and lateral nail folds. The frequency of nail involvement and nail changes in our patients is nearly similar to those in textbooks of dermatology and literatures. About, a third our patients with nail changes, had nail fold involvement, resulting in increased severity of nail changes in these patients.

Pretibial epidermolysis bullosa is a rare variant of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa characterized by the delayed onset of lesions and their localization. We present two cases, a 35-year-old woman and a 21-year-old man. They clinically had pruritus, nodular prurigo-like or lichenified lesions, violaceous scarring, milia, nail dystrophy and in one case albopapuloid lesions on the trunk. Physical signs of disease were first noticed between 3 and 9 years of age. Histologic examination showed a subepidermal blister with milia formation, and a mild mixed inflammatory infiltrate. These patients represent an nusual, poorly recognized form of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa with features that resemble a variety of acquired dermatoses.

The incidence of oral cancers is different worldwide.

To evaluate the rate of oral cancers in Khouzestan Province.

The data were collected from the pathologic reports of pathology laboratories all around the province, during the time period of 1992-2002.

Among the total received specimens, 305 cases of oral cancers were detected. One hundred ninety-three cases (63.2%) were male and 112 cases (36.8%) were female. Male to female ratio was 1.7 and mean age was 55.04±16.60 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignancy (75% of total), and then standed the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (10.8%) and lymphoma (7.5%). The most common sites were lower lip (29.2%), tongue (19%) and nasopharynx (15.7%).

Regardless of some minor differences, most of our findings were similar to other previous studies.