رقیه بهشتی راد

The era of globalization and log in to knowledge-based economy along with the increasing rate of change, actors’ sensitivity to quality issues in order to harmonize with the demands of stakeholders by the system of higher education has become more prominent. This study with review of main trends of higher education developments and major drivers affects the quality assurance of higher education by the point of views, outlooks, and ideas of experts, the typology of forces, shaping quality assurance of higher education. This study was conducted by qualitative method of phenomenological approach with purposive sampling and semi-structured in-depth interviews with 17 faculty members, and was analyzed by Streubert and Carpenter (2003). The results of the shaping quality assurance in 7 main themes including endogenous factors, environmental political, economic, social, international, infrastructure and environmental factors and 17 sub-thematic were summarized. The results of this study can open new horizons of thoughts in relation with creating a desirable future and normative for correct of policies and long-term plans in domain of issues related with higher education quality.

Human capital as the main factor of organizational growth can effectively be developed in light of the characteristics of good managers, with understanding this important the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between ethical characters of managers and the development of human capital.
This study is a descriptive-correlation research. Statistical population includes all staff of Bu Ali Sina University of Hamadan, 172 staff by using stratified random sampling method fits with classified were selected as sample. For collect the research data, two standard questionnaires were used: Ethical character of managers and human capital. Data were analyzed by using LISREL and SPSS statistical software.
The results showed that the relationship of adherence to the covenant, implementation of justice and truth, broadmindedness and good mood on the development of human capital, is positive and significant; but the relationship between compassion and availability on human capital development was not significant.
Findings show that for developing human capital in universities, managers should attention to ethical character of managers.

The purpose ofthis studywas toinvestigate thesecure-based leadership in reducing retaliatory behaviors with mediatorrole ofworking conscience. The current research method is descriptive and the research project used was based on structural equations model. The statistical populationis229 employees ofRazi University which they were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered through three questionnaires,the safety leader, working conscience and retaliatory behaviors. The dataafter collecting were analyzed by SPSSand LISREL.Results ofstructural equation modeling showed that: Direct effectthe secure based leadership in reducing retaliatory behaviors (0/63) is positive and significant. Direct effectthe secure-base leadership on working conscience 0/74) is positive and significant. Also, direct effectthe working conscience in reducing retaliatory behaviors (0/16) is positive and significant. But indirect effect theSecure-Base leadershipin reducing retaliatory behaviors with mediatorrole ofworking conscience (0/10) isnot positive and significant.

Effective effort in order to reduce organizational conflict and increase mental health of staff could mean a focus on success in the performance of the organization. Considering the fast changing conditions of hospitals and the necessity of effectiveness, employees are required who have proper functioning for organizations.
Aim: This study mainly aims to mediating role of mental health in the relationship between organizational conflict and organizational performance among Private hospitals personnel in Hamedan city. This study was descriptive - correlation by using of path analysis. Research population were of all Personnel of private hospitals of Hamadan city that selected by stratified random sampling method (142). For data gathering three questionnaires mental health, organizational conflict and organizational performance were used. Their reliabilities for analysis of data SPSS16 and Lisrel 8/8 software was used. Analysis by Alpha - chronbach were (0.85, 0.91, 0.92) resfectively. showed that the direct effect organizational conflict on organizational performance is negative and significant(-.48), but direct effect mental health on organizational performance is positive and significant (0.55). Indirect effect organizational Conflict on organizational performance with mediating role of mental health is negative and significant (-0.18). Clearly, it is recommanded to healh care managers menage organizational conflict effectively. th would be prompte personelsʼmental health and organiztional performance respectively.

Ethical climate is the important part of space or organizational culture which affect on staff and also on the efficiency of their work. The present study has been done with aimed to investigate the relationship between ethical climates of organization with teaching ethic; the role of mediator of professional development.
The current research method is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population includes all employees of Razi University. Among all, 245 employees were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered through three questionnaires; the ethical climate, ethic of teaching and professional development. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation and to measure the strength and power the impact ethical climate and professional development on teaching ethics, the structural equation modeling based on statistical software LISREL was used.
Results of structural equation modeling showed that; there is significant positive relation between ethical climates and teaching ethics (0/63). The relationship between these variables and professional development (0/82) is positive and significant. The relationship between professional development with teaching ethics (-0/08) is not positive and significant. Also, the relationship between ethical climate with teaching ethics with role of mediator of professional development (-0/06) is not positive and significant.
Considering the ethical climate can be the important strategy to development of teaching ethics to faculty members in University.

In the present age because of intensive competition, rising customer expectations, focusing on quality, organizations are demanding more and more creativity, innovation, acceptance of responsibility, providing constructive ideas and ways to improve the work and the organization of their staff have. Undoubtedly, empowerment and survival of the organization to a large extent depends on the knowledge that is born of the idea of human resources. Organizations to survive and stay in the competition in need of individuals, who responded to the challenges of their environment and the decisions and ideas about organizational problems and challenges and sharing of information and knowledge, not fear. University Center of most excellent scientific progress in all fields that enhance science and knowledge in society. Undoubtedly, the knowledge capital for any organization is key to the survival in a competitive world. The origin of production of knowledge in university is halls of discourse that includes several discourse of the ethical discourse. On the other hand Today regarding intense competition and the speed of information and the challenges facing organizations modern, performance evaluation model for determining success of the organization and develop a strategic plan based on the organization's strengths and weaknesses of, it seems necessary. Such needs and inefficiency and weaknesses of measurement systems with traditional performance has been makes creation of new models to evaluate the performance of level of organization. Since few studies have been done on the phenomenon of organizational silence and so far, a study Is not paid to the investigate impact of the silence on reduced of teamwork and organizational performance the purpose of this study is investigate the impact organizational Silence on reduction teamwork and organizational performance.
Material & The current research method is descriptive and the research project used, was based on Structural equations model. The statistical population is all employees Razi University of Kermanshah 203 which they were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered through three questionnaires, The organizational silence, team work and organizational performance. The data after collecting were analyzed by SPSS and LISREL.
Discussion of Results & Results of structural equation modeling showed that: Direct effect of organizational silence on Reduction of teamwork (0/47) is positive and significant. Also direct effect this variable on Reduction of organizational performance (0/52) is positive and significant. The researchers hope to identify the characteristics of organizational silence and testing relationships this variable with teamwork and organizational performance in general could lead organizations to the cultures that encourage and acceptance of ideas, comments, and concerns of staff and the acceptance of a culture of teamwork. One of the ways in which you can make such a change in within the organization the senior management believes the climate of open communication and is support of such a climate. Also, taking measures managers think that if they choose solution to conflicts accepted by majority of the employees. In this way, managers are enjoying more from the minds of their organizations can outpace your competitors. Also, managers can help by changing the organizational culture In order to the Learning organizations and development of regulations to support the views of staff and encourage them to present views of in the framework of the establishment of an appropriate reward system for Creative suggestions and using them for administration and the decision making to send the fading phenomenon of silence in their organization. In order to effect organizational silence on teamwork to can were acceptance of behavior responsibility or performance, commitment, and adherence to the decisions and plans and trust among staff is reduced. Also can to be effective in order to would rather individual need than team needs. In order to organizational performance should be noted that performance measurement is an important strategic processes while improving response the achieving the goals and programs of each organization determines.

The research was examined the effect of moral intelligence and mental health on happiness of students using descriptive and correlational method. Two hundred and twenty-six students were selected through stratified random sampling method from postgraduate students at Bu Ali Sina University. Lennick and Kiel’s Ethical characteristics questionnaire, Goldberg’s Mental Health Inventory and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire were used to gather the data. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient test and path analysis through. The findings showed that the direct effect of both moral intelligence and mental health on happiness were positive and statistically significant. Also, direct effect Moral intelligence on mental health was positive and significant. Furthermore, the indirect effect of moral intelligence on happiness through mediating role of mental health was significant. According to the results, it can be suggested that happiness in university students can be enhanced by planning on moral intelligence

The purpose of this study is to seek Effectiveness for psychological needs of workplace through In-service training, test for role of mediator in employees’ socialization. The current research method is descriptive and the research project used was based on Structural equations model. The statistical population is all employees of Urmia University in which 260 were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered through three questionnaires, In-service training, organizational socialization and needs of workplace. Results of structural equation modeling showed that: The relationship between in-service training with psychological needs of workplace and organizational socialization is positive and significant. Relationships between organizational socialization and psychological needs of workplace are positive and significant. Also the relationship between inservice training and psychological needs of workplace with role of mediator in organizational socialization is positive and significant.

The purpose of this study is Impact of Work Engagement's of glass cliff phenomenon; test the mediating role of organizational silence. The statistical population is all Formal staff of women Bu-Ali University of hamedan to the number is 88 which 52 they were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data were gathered through three questionnaires, the glass cliff, organizational silence and work Engagements. The validity of the questionnaires was determined based on viewpoints of experts in management and educational sciences. The combined reliability of questionnaires was measured by Dillon-Goldstein coefficient and Average Variance Extracted. The combined reliability of both of the questionnaires was more than 0.7 and Average Variance Extracted was more than 0.5. The data after collecting were analyzed by, Excel, VisualPLS and SmartPLS, Pearson test and with Self-test system, Q2 Stone- Geisser index and Goodness Of fit index. The results indicate that the direct effect of the glass cliff on job engagement is negative and significant, but the direct effect of these variables on organizational silence is significant and positive. Also, an effect of organizational silence on Work Engagement's is negative and significant. Indirect effect glass cliff on work Engagement's with mediating role of organizational silence is negative and significant.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of social capital and social responsibility on organizational commitment. The type of study was descriptive and the method was Survey. Data collection was by questionnaire which stratified random sampling was 203 of employees in Razi University in Kermanshah. SPSS- LISREL software was used for data analysis. The structural equation modeling analysis supported model fitting to the data. Results of structural equation modeling showed that: The direct effect of social responsibility on organizational commitment (0/21) is positive and significant. Also, direct effect of social capital on Organizational commitment (0/59) is positive and significant. As a result the factors that each organization should consider in order to organization's commitment is social responsibility and social capital. In the meantime establishing networks and communications in that field lead to the increased responsibility of staff that can be effective in increasing organizational commitment.

The observance of professional standards and ethics by the university staff members affects the process and products of higher education. Hence, the present study aims to analysis of the student’s perspectives about the professor's professional ethics and standards and its relation with the higher education quality assurance. The research method was descriptive-correlation. 252 students were chosen through stratified random selection procedure out of the whole population of higher education students of Bu-Ali Sina University. Two questionnaires of professional ethics and quality assurance were applied in this study, and the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software. The analyses show that students approved the professor's professional ethics as "Relatively desirable". However, a significant gap was found between the optimum level and the current existing level of the professor's professional ethics. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that the direct effect of professional ethics on quality assurance is positive and significant. Attention to staff member's professional ethics can be one of the basic strategies for quality assurance in higher education system.

Continuous promotion of education quality necessitates assessment that can be performed based on each of the elements forming the educational system (input, process, product, output, and result). This assessment results in the improvement of educational system quality. Therefore, the present study has been conducted with the purpose of evaluating the causal model of the relationship between presented services quality and assessment of professors. The present research was a descriptive analytical study. The statistical population consisted of all nursing students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran, among which 73 individuals were selected through systematic random sampling. Data were gathered using the two questionnaires of educational services quality and faculty members assessment. The Educational Service Quality Questionnaire is based on the SERVQUAL model and consists of the elements of tangible factors, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The Faculty Members Assessment Questionnaire consists of the elements of teaching methods, dominance and academic ability, education discipline, and personal and social characteristics of the faculty members. The validity of the questionnaires was determined based on the viewpoints of experts in management and educational sciences. The combined reliability of the questionnaires was measured using the Dillon-Goldstein coefficient and Average Variance Extracted. The combined reliability of both questionnaires was higher than 0.7 and Average Variance Extracted was higher than 0.5. Data were analyzed using one way t-test, structural equation modeling method using partial least square (PLS), self-test system, Q2 Stone-Geisser index, and goodness of fit index through SPSS, Microsoft Excel, VisualPLS, and SmartPLS. The relationship of educational services quality with faculty members’ assessment factors (teaching method, educational discipline and faculty members’ personal and social characteristic) was significant. The service quality variant has the greatest effect on personal and social characteristics of faculty members (0.27). The absolute (0.41) and relative (0.91) goodness of fit index shows that the tested model has a good level of fit. Paying attention to service quality factors could have a positive role in effective evaluation of faculty members by students. As a result of the assessment of faculty members by student, the performance and activities of faculty members can be improved.

Human resources could be considered as one of the main investment organizations. The effectiveness of this capital is based on providing an appropriate working environment and communication and cooperation with other members of the organization and participation in the affairs of the organization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of social capital in anticipation Extra-Role behavior and organizational commitment considering mediating role of social responsibility. The current research method is descriptive and uses survey based on structural equations model. The statistical population includes the employees of Urmia University. 275 cases are selected by Multi-stage cluster for study. Data were gathered through four standard questionnaires: social capital, social responsibility, Extra-Role Behavior and organizational commitment. The data after collecting was analyzed using the SPSS and Amos. Results of structural equation modeling showed that: Direct effect of the social capital on the social responsibility (0/26) is positive and significant. Direct effect of the social responsibility on the Extra-Role behaviors (0/24) and organizational commitment (0/62) is positive and significant. But direct effect of social capital on Extra-Role behavior and organizational commitment is not significant. Indirect effect of the social capitl on Extra-Role behavior (0/06) and organizational commitment (0/16) with intermediary of social responsibility is positive and significant. Regarding to these results 0/06 percent of the variance in extra-role behaviors, 0/07 percent of the variance of social responsibility and 0/39 percent of the variance in organizational commitment can be explained. So the factors should be considered in any organization in terms of organizational commitment and extra-role behaviors of staff are social responsibility and social capital.

Abstract: This study aimed to Evaluate the role of organizational culture on entrepreneurship among Faculty Members of the Urmia University. This is a descriptive correlation study. A stratified sample of 91 faculty members of the university was selected according to the faculty where they were working in proportion to the size of each faculty. Two questionnaires were used for data collection. The first one is questionnaire of organizational culture based on Denison & Spreitzer model. The results showed that: 1- There is a positive and significant relationship between organizational cultures with organizational entrepreneurship.2- development culture is significant predictors organizational entrepreneurship.3- There is not positive and significant relationship between Hierarchical culture and organizational entrepreneurship. So it can represent that, there is requirement development culture, group culture, rational culture and rating for development of organizational entrepreneurship in high education, and in this position of Hierarchical and instruction cultural of development entrepreneurship, there are interferes for develop.

This study investigated the role of of Intelectual capital on labor productivity among the staff the University of Urmia. Statistical population of the study included of all staff using a sample - stratified random sampling - relative - 214 based on the Cochran formula was selected as the sample. Data were gathered through two standard questionnaires, capital and labor productivity. Data collection, the data analyzed based on research hypothesis with using of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as mean, standard deviation, t test, Pearson's correlation and step by step regression analysis. Results showed between Intelectual capital and its elements with labor productivity are positive and significant correlation. Structural capital, relational capital and cognitive capital have Predictive power of labor productivity positive and significant. In conclusion it can be stated that social capital is effective on labor productivity.

The present study aimed to the clarification of the role of spirituality in academic context for the Urmia university staff member's social capital enhancement. In a correlational descriptive study, 142 staff members were chosen through stratified random selection procedure. The study data were collected using two spirituality in workplace questionnaire's of Milliman, et, al. and social capital questionnaire of Ghoshal & Nhabiet. The data was analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple Regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive significant correlation between workplace spirituality and the social capital elements. Furthermore, the elements of meaningful work, sense of community, and the alignment with the organization values could strongly predict the structural cognitive and relational components. In addition, the obtained results revealed that the maximum variance loaded by the spirituality in workplace dimensions belonged to the cognitive element. It can be concluded that spirituality in workplace enhances the social capital of the human resources.

The purpose of this study is investigate the effect of knowledge management processes and infrastructure on organizational agility. The current research method regarding to the intrinsic، is descriptive and survey and Research projects used، was based on Structural equations model. The sample was 204 All faculty members which they selected by randomly according to faculty. Data were gathered through questionnaires، After gathering the research data، data were analyzed by SPSS and LISREL Soft wars. The attained results revealed that: The direct effect of processes knowledge management on organizational agility (0. 35) Level 0. 01 positive and significant. The direct effect of infrastructure knowledge management on organizational agility (0. 29) Level 0. 05 is positive and significant. Also، the results showed that the greatest influence Agility elements of knowledge management infrastructure elements (merit، organizational culture، Classification tasks) and of knowledge management processes elements the transfer and application of knowledge.

This study aimed at investigating university students'' perceptions and expectations of educational service quality and its relationship with the evaluation of faculty members'' performance. The study was a descriptive survey and the data analysis was conducted based on structural equation modeling. The sample included 273 M. A students studying in Urmiauniversity who were selected through cluster random sampling. The data wascollected using two questionnaires: service quality questionnaire and evaluation of faculty members questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and paired sample T- test were conductedusing SPSSand LISREL software. The results revealed that: 1) the present condition of educational service quality components including tangibles، reliability، assurance، responsiveness and empathy are far from expected، 2) there was a positive significant relationship between educational service quality components and factors of faculty members evaluation (i. e. teaching method،educational discipline and faculty members personal and social characteristic)، 3)goodness of fit index showed that the tested model has a good level of fit index. Therefore، taking into consideration the service quality components could have an influencing role on the effective evaluation of faculty members by students. Thus، we can suggest that the students'' feedback of the result of faculty members'' evaluationcan improve their teaching performance.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of servant leadership in enhancing organizational trust with mediator role of empowerment. The current research method is descriptive and the research project used was based on Structural equations model. The statistical population is all employees of Urmia University with 234 individuals in each stratum selected by stratified random sampling method. Data was gathered through three questionnaires, the servant leader, Organizational trust and Empowerment. After collecting the data it was analyzed by SPSS and LISREL. Results of structural equation modeling showed that the direct effect of the servant leader on empowerment (0/84) is positive and significant. Direct effects of this variable on organizational trust (0/39) is also positive and significant. However, the empowerment effect on organizational trust (0/28) is not significant. Indirect effect of servant leader on organizational trust with intermediary of empowerment (0/24) is not positive and significant.

Measuring the effectiveness of teaching and improving the quality of education are the aims of teachers’ evaluation by the students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the teachers’ activity of Urmia University of Medical Sciences by nursing students. This descriptive survey performed during 2012-2013 among all the 382 undergraduate nursing students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences and 73 students were selected by simple random sampling. For data collecting، the researcher-made questionnaire of teachers’ educational performance evaluation which contained 30 items at 4 components of teaching method، academic ability، educational discipline and personal and social characteristics of teacher was used. The SPSS 16 statistical software was used to analyze the data using univariate T test. The mean score of teaching method component was evaluated as 3. 32±1. 07 (t=2. 60، p=. 01)، academic ability as 3. 32±1. 15 (t=2. 39، p=. 01)، educational discipline as 3. 34±1. 19 (t=2. 44، p=. 01) and personal and social characteristics of teacher as 3. 34 ± 1. 08 (t=2. 71، p=. 008) all of which had a significant difference with the deemed limit 3 and were in relatively desirable condition. From the point of view of nursing students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences، four component s containing personal and social characteristics، teaching method، educational discipline and academic ability are important in teachers’ evaluation.

This article has tried to study the quality of educational services in the University of Urmia on the basis of SERVQUAL model from the perspectives of postgraduate students. This study uses descriptive research method (correlation type). A number of 200 students are selected through stratified random method, proportionate to the volumes of the faculties concerned. The standard SERVQUAL questionnaire containing five-scale service quality dimensions was used for data collection. Later, the data were analyzed based on research hypotheses, using independent T-test and one-way variance analysis. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between, the perceived factors of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy and the ones expected by the students. Expectations of students are beyond their perception from status quo and their expectations are not met as far as any service elements were concerned. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed among demographic variables, except for academic level in gender, academic department and local faculty of students.

This present research has been done to analyze the causal model of the relationship between servant leadership, spirituality in the workplace and social capital. The method of the research is descriptive corelational. The population includes the whole national oil products distribution company in Iran, Urmia, district staff, a sample of 153 staff was chosen randomly. The data has been collected using three standard questionnaires i.e. the servant leadership according to Organ models, the spirituality in the workplace questionnaire according to Milliman et al. model and the social capital dimensions questionnaire according to Ghoshal & Nhabiet models. The research data have been analyzed by LISREL and SPSS softwares. The result of structural equations showed that the direct effect of servant leadership on social capital (0/39) is positive and significant, the direct effect of spirituality in the workplace on social capital (0/58) is positive and significant, the indirect effect of servant leadership on social capital mediated by spirituality in the workplace (0/27) is positive and significant and the total effect of servant leadership on social capital (0/76) is positive and significant.

One of the main challenges which should be attended by Medical Universities is establishing a coherent system in order to give desirable services and using strategic methods to enhance service quality. The present study was conducted aiming at evaluating and determining the gap of the quality of educational service provided for nursing students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences using SERVQUAL scale. This descriptive and survey was undertaken on 328 nursing students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences and 73 students were selected using simple random sampling. Data was collected through standard SERVQUAL questionnaire including five dimensions of physical, guarantee, responsibility, reliability and empathy. Data analysis was done by SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics, single-variable T Test and correlated Paired two-sample T-test. In students’ viewpoint, the mean of the general educational services quality was 2.68 ± 0.75 and the scores of each of five dimensions including physical, reliability, responsibility, guarantee, and empathy were 2.79 ±0.83, 2.75±0.85, 2.52±0.89, 2.75±0.90 and 2.59±0.97, respectively and each was significant in terms of within-group factor. Considering the available and desirable scores of each dimension, the general educational services quality and five dimensions were far from the favorable condition (p=0.001). Students are not satisfied with the quality of the educational services provided by Urmia University of Medical Sciences and the gap between the existing situation and desirable one are deep in all five dimensions.