زهرا دشت بزرگی

This study aimed to determine the effect of positive training on impulsivity and self-compassion in substance-dependent men. This was a quasi-experimental study with a posttest-follow-up design of a control group. The sample size of 40 subjects was selected by purposeful sampling method from among 123 men addicted to drugs in Islamshahr and were targeted sampling method to two experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. The participants completed the Dickman Impulsivity Scale (2008) and Self Compassion of Raes, Pommier, Neff & Van Gucht (2011) Questionnaire Questionnaire as the posttest, and follow-up. Meanwhile, the subjects in the experimental group received positive training during 14 sessions of 90 minutes. Data analysis was using analysis of covariance. The results showed that positive training effectively improved impulsivity and self-compassion in men's substance dependents, which continued in the follow-up stages (p<0/01). This study showed that positive training could be used as an appropriate method to improve impulsivity andself-compassion in drug-dependent men and thus reduce the harmful effects of addiction.

Maladjusted couples have many marital problems and couple therapy methods can play an effective role in reducing their problems. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of couple therapy based on mindfulness on marital trust and marital life quality in maladjusted couples. The present study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population was maladjusted couples who referred to counseling and psychological services centers and clinics of Ahvaz City in the autumn of 2023 (approximately 250 couples). The sample size for each group was considered 12 couples, and these couples were selected by purposive sampling method. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes under couple therapy based on mindfulness and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were collected using Marital Adjustment, Marital Trust, and Marital Life Quality Scales and analyzed using chi-square test and multivariate analysis of covariance. According to chi-square test results, there wasn’t any significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of education level, age, and marriage duration (p>0.05). Also, according to multivariate analysis of covariance results, couple therapy based on mindfulness led to an increase in marital trust (F=227.22, p<0.001) and marital life quality (F=167.65, p<0.001) in maladjusted couples. Considering the effectiveness of couple therapy based on mindfulness on increasing marital trust and marital life quality in maladjusted couples, it is suggested that counselors and therapists use this method along with other effective methods to improve the psychological characteristics in vulnerable groups.

The significance of self-directed learning has become increasingly prominent within the current educational system in Iran. Various psychological aspects engage students who actively participate in learning through self-directed methods. While the existing literature has focused on self-directed learning, influential variables such as emotional creativity, critical thinking disposition, academic buoyancy, and achievement motivation have been largely overlooked.

The aim of this study is to design and test the causal model of selfdirected learning based on emotional creativity, critical thinking disposition and academic buoyancy with the mediation of Achievement motivation.

In terms of purpose the present study is applied and the descriptive method is correlational. The statistical population includes all the male students of the second secondary school in Izeh city. The sample size in this study is 400 students based on Cochran's formula, who were selected using a proportional multi-stage random sampling method.The data collection tools in this study include Fisher King and Tagos self-administered learning readiness scale questionnaire (2001(Critical Thinking disposition Questionnaire of Ricketts (2003), Martin and marshs Academic buoyancy Questionnaire (2006), Avrils emotional creativity questionnaire (1999) and the Herman’s AchievementMotivation Questionnaire, (1970).

The results indicated a relationship between emotional creativity, self-directed learning and Achievement motivation.there is also relationship between critical thinking with self-directed learning and Achievement motivation. Academic buoyancy, self-directed learning and Achievement motivation.there is a relationship between Achievement motivation and self-directed learning. The results showed that the critical thinking disposition is related to self-directed learning through the Achievement motivation of and academic buoyancy through Achievement motivation to the self-directed learning.

Based on the results of this study, the variables of emotional creativity, critical thinking disposition, academic buoyancy, and achievement motivation have significant direct and indirect effects on self-directed learning. This model demonstrates its potential as a suitable framework for enhancing self-directed learning among students. Further studies with larger sample sizes can provide a more comprehensive perspective on these relationships and contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing self-directed learning.

This study compares emotion-oriented schema therapy and transactional analysis's effectiveness in addressing marital conflict communication beliefs, aiming to improve effectiveness and reduce recovery time.

Methods and Materials: 

The research method is semi-experimental, with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a follow-up stage. The statistical population of this research consisted of all couples who referred to Abadan counseling centers and Abadan judicial service offices in 2022. The statistical sample consisted of 30 couples who were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group based on the criteria for entering the research. The research tool was Eidelson and Epstein (1982) Communication Beliefs Questionnaire. Research protocols included emotional schema therapy written by Leahy, Tirch and Napolitano (2011) and interactional behavior analysis by Eric Byrne (2011). Multivariate covariance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test were performed using SPSS version 26 statistical software at a significance level of 0.05 for data analysis.

The findings show that in the groups of emotion-oriented schema therapy and transactional analysis, there is a significant difference in all variable components of communication beliefs in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up phases (p≤0.05), but There is no significant difference in between the post-test and follow-up (p≥0.05). Also, there is no significant difference between the two experimental groups in the post-tests and follow-up group comparison (p≥0.05); But there is a significant difference between the control group and the two experimental groups (p<0.05).

According to the results of the research, it can be said that both treatments are effective on the variable of communication beliefs and its components in couples with marital conflict.

One of the common problems of intellectual disability children is difficulty in cognitive functions. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of computerized and non-computerized cognitive games on sustained attention and planning in educable intellectual disability children.

This study in terms of purpose and in terms of implementation method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design with a control group. The research population was the educable intellectual disability female students of the first elementary period of Ahvaz city in the academic years of 2022-23. The research sample was calculated for each group of 12 people, which these people were selected by the purposive sampling method and by simple random with lottery replaced in three groups (12 people in each group). The first experimental group was trained 20 sessions of 45-minute cognitive games with Captain's Log computerized software, the second experimental group was trained 20 sessions of 45-minute cognitive games without the software, and the control group remained on the waiting list for training. The research tools included a demographic information form, continuous performance computerized test, and Tower of London computerized test, and data were analyzed by methods of chi-square, analysis of variance with repeated measures, and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-19 software.

The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of age and educational level (P>0.05). Also, both methods of computerized and non-computerized cognitive games in comparison to the control group increased sustained attention and planning in educable intellectual disability children and the results were maintained in the follow-up phase (P<0.001). In addition, the effectiveness of computerized cognitive games in compared to the non-computerized cognitive games was higher in increasing both variables of sustained attention and planning (P<0.001).

The results of the present study indicated the greater effectiveness of computerized cognitive games in compared to non-computerized cognitive games in increasing the cognitive functions of sustained attention and planning. Therefore, specialists, psychologists, and consultants can use the method of computerized cognitive games to improve cognitive functions.

The aim of this study was to review the role of attachment styles on social anxiety. Social anxiety as one of the most common anxiety disorders is associated with impaired social functioning at school, work and private life. In this article, by reviewing the texts by referring to specialized articles to collect information from psychological sources, the relationship androle of safe and insecure attachment styles on social anxiety were described and explained. According to the review of the results, the variable of attachment style can be used in the discussion of prevention of harmful behaviors caused by social anxiety by counselors and psychologists

Intellectual disability children have many problems with cognitive functions, and a comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive games can have useful results. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of computerized and non-computerized cognitive games on problem-solving and cognitive flexibility in intellectually disabled children.

This study in terms of purpose and in terms of implementation method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design with a control group. The research population was the educable intellectual disability female students of the first elementary period of Ahvaz city in the academic years of 2022-23. The research sample was calculated for each group of 12 people, which these people were selected by the purposive sampling method and replaced into three equal groups. The first experimental group was trained in 20 sessions of 45-minute cognitive games with Captain's Log computerized software, the second experimental group was trained in 20 sessions of 45-minute cognitive games without the software, and the control group remained on the waiting list for training. The research tools included a demographic information form, Tower of Hanoi computerized test, and Wisconsin Cards Sorting computerized test, and data were analyzed by methods of chi-square, analysis of variance with repeated measures, and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-19 software.

The results showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of age and educational level (P>0.05). Also, computerized and non-computerized cognitive games compared to the control group led to improved problem-solving and cognitive flexibility in educable intellectual disability children, and the results were maintained in the follow-up stage (P<0.001). In addition, the effectiveness of computerized cognitive games in compared to non-computerized cognitive games was higher in improving the problem-solving and cognitive flexibility (P<0.001).

According to the results of this study, health professionals and therapists can use computerized cognitive games along with other effective methods to improve cognitive functions.

The autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder, which causes and increases psychological problems. Therefore, the aim of this study was determining the effectiveness of music therapy on self-harm behaviors and executive functions in children with autism disorder.

The present research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population was male with autistic disorder that referred to counseling and occupational therapy centers of Ahvaz city in the second half of 2021 year, which from them number of 24 people after reviewing the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method and by simple randomly with lottery assigned into two equal groups. The experimental group trained 10 sessions of 45 minutes by music therapy method and the control group remained on the waiting list for training. Data were collected with demographic information form, self-harm inventory and executive function scale and were analyzed by chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance tests in SPSS version 23 software.

The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of age, educational grad and past time of autism disorder (P>0.05). Also, music therapy significantly reduced self-harm behaviors and significantly improved executive functions including self-management to time, self-organization/problem solving, self-restraint/inhibition, self-motivation and self-regulation of emotion in children with autism disorder (P<0.001).

The results of this research showed the effective role of music therapy in reducing self-harm behaviors and improving executive functions of children with autism disorder. Therefore, the use of music therapy along with other treatment methods can be effective to improve the psychological characteristics of children with autism disorder.

One of the factors that is considered in marriage and family counseling and plays an important role in the divorce of couples is perspective-taking. The perspective-taking is an active cognitive process in which people must overcome their self-centered perspective and imagine the world as it appears to others. The role of imago therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment has been confirmed in the dyadic perspective-taking of couples, but there is a gap in research regarding the comparison of the effectiveness of these two treatment methods on the dyadic perspective-taking of couples applying for divorce.

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of psychological education of imago therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment on dyadic perspective-taking of couples applying for divorce.

The present research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population of the research included all the couples applying for divorce who referred to the family counseling centers of Babol city in 2022, and among these couples, 48 people (24 couples) were selected using available sampling method, and they were assigned to two experimental groups and one control group and completed the couple's perception questionnaire (Long, 1990) in three phases: pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up. Protocols of imago therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy were implemented for the experimental groups, but the members of the control group did not receive any intervention. Analysis of variance with repeated measurements and SPSS-22 software were used for data analysis.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the understanding view of couples (F= 3.770 and P= 0.001). In other words, both imago therapy interventions and treatment based on acceptance and commitment were effective in the understanding view of couples, but no significant difference was observed between the two interventions (P<0.05).

Based on the results of this research, it can be said that both imagotherapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment are effective in dyadic perspective-taking, and therefore, the use of these treatment methods by couple therapists can help improve the level of dyadic perspective-taking and stability of couples' relationships.

Learning disabilities are problems that negatively affect an individual's education and education-related skills such as reading, writing, arithmetic, and others because of having different perceptions of what they see. Parents may wonder what his future will be like despite this problem. Various factors affect the family function of parents with learning disabilities; one of the factors is controlling negative thinking. This study aimed to predict family functioning based on the control of negative thinking and parental stress with the mediating role of sexual satisfaction.

Method:

In this correlational study, 212 Parents of children with learning disorders in Tehran were selected through the purposive sampling method. For each parameter calculated, at least 10 participants are required to test the model. In this study, the Family functioning of McMaster (1983), and the Control of negative thinking of Wales & Davis (1994) include subscales that measure individual differences in controlling annoying thoughts. Strategies for controlling thinking are distraction, worry, social strategies, self-discipline, and re-evaluating thinking are used, Also Parenting Stress Questionnaire of Abidin (1992), which includes items covering adaptability, child domain, mood, attachment, acceptance, extravagance, reinforcement, inattention / over-action, relationship with spouse, parent domain, depression, sense of competence, role constraints, parental health, isolation It is life… and finally Sexual satisfaction of Hadson, et al. (1981) was used for data collection in this study which assesses couples' satisfaction levels. The proposed model was evaluated using a structural equation method. 

Results:

There is a significant relationship between control of negative thinking with family functioning (p<0.01), sexual satisfaction with family functioning (p<0.01), control of negative thinking with sexual satisfaction (p<0.01), spiritual well-being with sexual satisfaction (p<0.01), but there was a significant relationship between parental stress with family functioning (p>0.05). Also, indirect pathways were significant control of negative thinking with family functioning with mediating role of sexual satisfaction (p<0.01), parental stress with family functioning with mediating role of sexual satisfaction (p<0.01).

Discussion:

The results indicate that there are high levels of conflict and low levels of cohesion in families with children with learning disabilities. It is natural to expect these families to be affected by the symptoms of the child disorder and for parental problems to increase in these families. When parents can acquire these skills, they can be aware of problems and stresses and find appropriate solutions, thus reducing stress in their relationship with the child as well as marital relationships, and improving sexual satisfaction as well as family functioning. Find. Thus, it can be said that sexual satisfaction plays a mediating role in the relationship between controlling negative thinking and parenting stress with family functioning. The statistical population of this study was limited & through questionnaires, which makes the generalization of the results and bias issue with caution. Therefore, it is suggested that more research be done on other samples to generalize the results. And also holding workshops, to strengthen the control of negative thinking and reduce parental stress, it is possible to increase sexual satisfaction in them and increase family functioning.

Considering the high statistics of children with autism disorder and the many psychological problems of this group, intervention is necessary to reduce their psychological problems. As a result, the current research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of play therapy based on cognitive behavioral approach on social anxiety and self-harm behaviors in children with autism disorder.

The present research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population was boys with autistic disorder who referred to counseling and occupational therapy centers of Ahvaz city in the second half of 2021 year, which from them number of 24 people after reviewing the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two equal groups (each group 12 people). The experimental group trained 10 sessions of 45 minutes by play therapy based on cognitive behavioral approach method and the control group remained on the waiting list for training. Data were collected with demographic information form, Connor et al.'s social anxiety inventory (2000) and Sansone et al.'s self-harm inventory (1998) and analyzed with chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance tests in SPSS-23 software.

The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of age, educational grad and past time of autism disorder (P>0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of social anxiety and self-harm behaviors. In the other words, play therapy based on cognitive behavioral approach significantly reduced social anxiety and self-harm behaviors in children with autism disorder (P<0.001).

According to the results of this research, psychologists and therapists can use play therapy based on cognitive behavioral approach method along with other treatment methods to improve psychological characteristics, especially reducing social anxiety and self-harm behaviors.

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of emotion-focused couple therapy on marital life quality, covert relational aggression and psychological health of couples with cardiovascular disease.

Patients with cardiovascular disease face many problems in their marital life and psychological health, and the use of couple therapy methods is necessary to improve them.

This study was a semi-experimental pretest-posttest design with control group. The study population was patients with cardiovascular disease (including hypertension, acute coronary syndrome, infarction, angina pectoris and constrictive pericarditis) referred to Razi Hospital in Ahvaz city, Iran in 2023. The sample size for each group was considered to be 13 couples, and these couples were selected by purposive sampling method based on inclusion criteria. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes duration (two sessions per week) in the form of emotion-focused couple therapy and during this time, the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were collected with the scales marital life quality (Zhang et al., 2013), covert relational aggression (Nelsno & Carroll, 2006) and psychological health (Najarian & Davoodi, 2001) and were analyzed with Chi-square test, independent t-test and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-26 software.

There was no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of age, education, illness duration and type of couple illness. In the pre-test stage, the groups did not differ significantly in terms of the mean score of marital life quality, covert relational aggression and psychological health, but in the post-test stage, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of all three variables (P≤0.0001). In this way, the emotion-focused couple therapy improved married life quality (F=125.366, P≤0.0001), reduced covert relational aggression (F=206.601, P≤0.0001) and improved psychological health (F=175.052, P≤0.0001) in couples with cardiovascular disease.

The results of this study showed the effect of emotion-focused couple therapy on improving the marital life quality, reducing the covert relational aggression, and improving the psychological health of couples with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, counselors and therapists can use emotion-focused couple therapy along with other effective treatment methods to improve variables related to marital life and psychological health.

Patients with diabetes face many problems, especially in the field of health hardiness, self-compassion, and behavioral emotion regulation. As a result, the present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of health-promoting lifestyle training in health hardiness, self-compassion, and behavioral emotion regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This study was conducted based on a semi-experimental pretest and posttest design with a control group. The statistical research population was patients with type 2 diabetes who were members of Ahvaz Diabetes Association in the winter of 2021. After reviewing the inclusion criteria, 50 people were selected as a sample with the available sampling method and randomly assigned to two equal groups (n=25 in each group). The experimental group underwent eight 90 minutes sessions of  Alijani et al. health-promoting lifestyle training (2015), and the control group remained on the waiting list for training. Data were collected with the demographic information form, revised health hardiness inventory (Gebhardt et al., 2001), self-compassion scale (Neff, 2016), and behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire (Kraaij and Garnefski, 2019) and analyzed in SPSS software (version 19) using chi-square, independent t-test, and multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results demonstrated that the experimental and control groups did not significantly differ in terms of gender, education level, and age (P>0.05). The other findings pointed out that health-promoting lifestyle training led to increased health hardiness (F=575.597, P<0.001), self-compassion (F=283.882, P<0.001) and behavioral emotion regulation (F=633.967, P<0.001) in patients with type 2 diabetes (P<0.001).

As evidenced by the results of the present study, health professionals and therapists can use the health-promoting lifestyle training method along with other training methods to improve the psychological characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes, especially increasing health hardiness, self-compassion, and behavioral emotion regulation.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of psychological imago therapy training and acceptance and commitment therapy on improving the communication patterns of couples seeking a divorce. The statistical population comprised all couples who were referred to family counseling centers in Babol in 2021. 45 couples were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups imago therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and control. The Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ) (Christensen and Salawii, 1984) was used to collect data. Imago therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy protocols were performed for the experimental groups. Data were then analyzed using repeated measures and multivariate analysis of variance using SPSSV22 software. The results of repeated measurement variance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the groups in the post-test and follow-up communication patterns (P<0.01). Both interventions had an effect on communication patterns, but no significant difference was observed between the two interventions in any of the communication patterns (P>0.05). Moreover, these results continued until the follow-up stage. In accordance with the result, it can be mentioned that both imago therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy are effective in couples' communication patterns.

Patients with diabetes face many problems, especially in the field of health. Therefore, the aim of this study was determine the effectiveness of compassion training on health hardiness, compassion and behavioral emotion regulation.

This study was semi-experimental , havinga pretest-posttest design with a control group. The research population was patients with Type 2 Diabetes, who were members of Ahwaz Diabetes Association in the winter season of 2021 year. Fifty participants were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced into two equal groups. The experimental group underwent eight 90-minutesessions of compassion training and the control group remained on the waiting list for training. Data were collected with the revised health hardiness inventory, compassion scale and behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire and analyzed with tests of chi-square, independent-t and multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of all three variables of health hardiness, compassion and behavioral emotion regulation. In other words, compassion training increased health hardiness, compassion and behavioral emotion regulation in patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Regarded to the findings of this study, professionals and therapists can use the compassion training method along with other effective training methods to improve psychological characteristics.

Mastectomized women have problems in the field of sexual satisfaction, married life quality, and life expectancy. Cognitive rehabilitation education can play an effective role in improving psychological characteristics related to health. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of cognitive rehabilitation education on sexual satisfaction, marital life quality and life expectancy in the mastectomized women.

This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population was the married mastectomized women in Shafa Hospital of Ahvaz city in 2021, out of which 30 people were selected according to the inclusion criteria and by purposive sampling method and randomly placed into two equal groups. The experimental group was trained 10 sessions of 60 minutes (two sessions per week) with cognitive rehabilitation method, and the control group was placed on the waiting list for training. Data were collected by Meston and Trapnell’s Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women, Zhang and et al.’s Marital Life Quality Scale, and Snyder and et al.’s Life Expectancy Questionnaire, and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

The findings showed that the cognitive rehabilitation education method in comparison with the control group led to a significant increase in the sexual satisfaction, marital life qualityand life expectancy in the mastectomized women (p<0.001).

The results indicated the effect of cognitive rehabilitation on increasing sexual satisfaction, marital life quality, and life expectancy. Therefore, health professionals and therapists can use the mentioned method along with other effective educating methods to improve health-related characteristics.

The Covid-19 pandemic had a profound effect on nurses' health as a key member of care and treatment teams. The aim of this study was determine the effect of positivist mindfulness education on health anxiety, feeling of happiness and health adjustment of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The present study in terms of purpose was applied and In terms of implementation method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population was nurses of Shafa hospital of Ahvaz city during the Covid-19 pandemic in the 2021 year, which numbers of 40 nurses according to the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly by lottery replaced into two equal groups. The experimental group was educated 8 sessions of 90 minutes (two sessions per week) with positivist mindfulness education method and the control group was placed on the waiting list for educating. Data were collected by short form of health anxiety inventory (Salkovskis & et al, 2002), feeling of happiness inventory (Lentz, 2010) and health adjustment subscale (Bell, 1961) and analyzed by chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance tests in SPSS-19 software.

The findings showed that the experimental and control groups did not significant difference in terms of gender, marriage and education (P>0.05). Other findings showed that the positive mindfulness education led to decrease health anxiety, increase feelings of happiness and improve health adjustment of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic (P<0.001).

The results indicated the effect of positive mindfulness education method on improving the psychological characteristics of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, health professionals and therapists can be used for improve the psychological characteristics, especially health anxiety, feeling of happiness and health adjustment from the positive mindfulness education method along with other effective educational methods.

The academic performance of students is the result of several factors that can affect their academic progress. One of the important issues related to the academic performance of students is academic enthusiasm. In fact, academic enthusiasm provides a basis for the student to enjoy education more and to increase his desire to go to school. Academic enthusiasm is usually used as a motivational structure that reflects the learner's commitment to education. Enthusiasm is an immediate state that includes emotional-motivational aspects and is focused on a specific subject or object or a specific person or behavior. Also, academic enthusiasm is a multidimensional construct. Its cognitive dimension implies the amount of student investment in learning activities such as self-direction and the desire to apply effort in academic affairs and use learning strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of flipped classroom method on information literacy and academic motivation of female high school students.

The present study was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test group and one-month follow-up with control group. The statistical population included all female high school students in Ahvaz in the academic year 2019-2020. A sample of 50 people was purposefully selected and then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (25 people in each group). The research instruments were the Trails Information Literacy Questionnaire (2007) and the Academic Achievement Scale of Fredericks et al. (2004). The experimental group was provided with 8 sessions of 70-minute training of Bergman and flipped classroom method (2014) and the control group did not receive any intervention to analyze the data using inferential statistical methods (Repeated measures analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test) with Spss24 software used.

The results showed that the flipped classroom method on information literacy and academic motivation of students in the experimental group compared to the control group significantly increased their scores and this effect continued until the one-month follow-up period (P <0.05).

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the flipped classroom teaching method increases academic enthusiasm and information literacy in secondary (second) students, and therefore, the planners of the educational system should introduce and explain more about this method to make it more useful for teachers in the teaching-learning process provide.

Diabetic elderly have many problems in the field of health and well-being and it seems that mindfulness based on acceptance and commitment and health promoting lifestyle methods have an effective role in improving them and comparing them can help to identify a more effective method. Therefore, the aim of this study was comparison the effectiveness of mindfulness based on acceptance and commitment and health promoting lifestyle on mental well-being and health hardiness in diabetic elderly.

Present research was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population was diabetic elderly member of the Ahwaz Diabetes Association in 2021 year. The research sample was estimated to be 60 people who according to the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental groups and one control group (20 people in each group). The first experimental group underwent 8 90-minute sessions of mindfulness based on acceptance and commitment education and the second experimental group underwent 8 90-minute sessions of health promoting lifestyle education and during this period the control group did not receive any education. Data were collected by the demographic information form, mental well-being scale and health hardiness inventory and were analyzed by methods of chi-square, multivariate analysis of covariance and bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-17 software.

The results showed that the experimental and control groups did not significant difference in terms of education, age and duration of mastectomy (P>0.05). Also, both intervention methods, namely mindfulness based on acceptance and commitment and health promoting lifestyle in compared to the control group significantly increased mental well-being and health hardiness in diabetic elderly (P˂0.001), but between the two intervention methods there was no significant difference in any of the mentioned variables (P>0.05).

The results indicated the effectiveness of both intervention methods and the lack of significant differences between them in mental well-being and health hardiness in diabetic elderly. Therefore, health professionals and therapists can use both methods to improve health-related features, especially increased mental well-being and health hardiness in the diabetic elderly.

Mastectomy plays an important role in reducing mental health, and mastectomized patients with depression commonly have low hopes and high psychological distress. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation training and positive mindset training on hope and psychological distress of mastectomized patients with depression.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The study population was mastectomized patients with depression who were referred to counseling centers and clinics and psychological services in Ahvaz city (Iran) between March-September of 2021. A total of 45 patients were selected by purposive sampling method according to the inclusion criteria and then randomly assigned to three equal groups. Each experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minutes (two sessions per week) of cognitive rehabilitation and positive mindfulness trainings. But the control group was placed on a waiting list for training. Data were collected using Beck et al. Depression Inventory, Snyder et al.'s Questionnaire and Kessler et al.'s Psychological Distress Questionnaire and analyzed by Chi-square, multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-19 software.

The results showed that the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly in terms of education, age and last time after mastectomy (P> 0.05). Also, both intervention methods increased hope and decreased psychological distress in mastectomized patients with depression compared to the control group (P <0.001), but there was no significant difference between intervention methods in increasing hope and reducing psychological distress.

The results were indicated on the effectiveness of both intervention methods and the lack of significant differences between them in increasing hope and reducing psychological distress. Therefore, therapists and health and rehabilitation specialists can use both these methods to improve health-related features, especially hope and psychological distresses.

The elderly, like all periods of life, is an important stage of life, such as childhood, and because this period is the last period of identification, it is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of quality of life(QOL) in the relationship between the meaning of life and a sense of cohesion with death anxiety in the elderly in Ahvaz. The correlation research design was structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all the elderly in Ahvaz. For this purpose, 108 elderly people were selected by the available sampling method. To collect the data, questionnaires such as Death anxiety of Templer (1970), Meaning of life of Stjeger & Oshi (2004), Sense of coherence of Flensborg-medsen, Ventegodt & Merrick (2006) & World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire- Short Form (1966) were used. For data analysis, the Pearson correlation coefficient & structural equation method were used (p<0.05). The results showed that all was a direct path was significant except for the relationship between a sense of coherence and death anxiety (p>0.05). Also, there was an indirect & significant relationship between the meaning of life with death anxiety with the role of mediator (QOL) & between sense of coherence with death anxiety with the role of mediator (QOL). Thus, informing and applying measures to empower the elderly in the field of (QOL) in the relationship between meaning in life and a sense of cohesion played a significant role in reducing death anxiety in the elderly.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on addiction readiness and sensation seeking in adolescents with substance-dependent parent in Ahvaz. 

This study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all adolescent students studying in 2019-2020 who had substance-dependent parent in Ahvaz. Among them, 10 boys' schools were randomly selected and the students of these schools were screened by the addiction readiness and sensation seeking questionnaires. Of them, 30 students who scored higher than average on the addiction readiness and sensation seeking questionnaires were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. 

 The results showed that emotion regulation training was significantly effective in reducing the readiness for addiction and also sensation seeking in adolescents with substance-dependent parent in Ahvaz in the posttest and follow-up stages.

According to the obtained results, this treatment can be used to reduce addiction readiness and sensation seeking in adolescents with substance-dependent parent and thus help reduce stress in them.

Nursing is known as a profession with high job stress that has detrimental effects on health and the incidence of nurseschr('39') abilities in the workplace and reduce their quality of working life. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a causal model of quality of work life based on job stress and emotional intelligence mediated by fatigue in single nurses.

The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all single nurses in Ahvaz hospitals in 1399 that 203 people were selected as the sample by available sampling method. The research tools were; demographic questionnaire "Quality of Work-Life Questionnaire", "Nursing Job Stress Scale", "Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire" and the Fatigue Scales. The evaluation of the proposed model was performed using the path analysis method.

The results showed that all direct routes to the Island of Emotional Intelligence (β = 0.039 and p = 0.05) were significant for quality of work life. Direct paths of job stress (β = -0.225 and P <0.01) and characteristics (β = -0.270 and P <0.01) to quality of work life, as well as direct paths of job stress (β = 0.413 and P <0.01) and emotional intelligence (β = -0.164 and p = 0.05) were statistically significant.Indirect paths of job stress (β = -0.119 and P <0.01) and emotional intelligence (β = 0.034 and p = 0.05) are also significant through quality of life. Content validity and reliability ratios were calculated by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient. SPSS and AMOS version 24 software were used for data analysis

Based on the results of this study, the proposed model has a good fit and is an important step in recognizing the factors affecting the quality of the work-life of nurses. It is suggested that by planning and implementing educational interventions in the field of job stress, emotional intelligence, and fatigue, a positive step be taken to increase the quality of  the work-life of nurses.

Coronavirus symptoms have more severe physical and psychological clinical manifestations in the elderly. Accordingly, the elderly seem to be one of the main groups at risk for Coronavirus disease. The aim of this study was to predict Coronavirus anxiety based on coping styles with stress and meta-worry. The research design was correlational. The statistical population included all the elderly living in Ahvaz, among whom 300 were selected as the study sample using online convenience sampling method. The research instruments included Alizadeh et al.'s Corona Anxiety, Lazarus and Falkman's Coping Styles, and Wells's meta-worry Inventory. Used to analyze the data was a multiple regression method. The results indicated that problem-oriented coping style (r-=0.401) had a negative and significant relationship with corona anxiety in the elderly and emotion-centered coping style (r=0.281) and meta-worry (r=0.429) have a positive and significant relationship with corona anxiety (p < 0.01). Besides, the variables of problem-oriented coping style, emotion-centered coping style and meta-worry were able to predict 31.5% of the changes in corona anxiety in the elderly, which the share of meta-worry was more than other variables (p < 0.01). Considering the capability of coping style and meta-worry in predicting Coronavirus anxiety in the elderly, training programs can be designed and represented through virtual workshops to increase problem-oriented coping style and to decrease emotion-centered coping style and meta-worry, in order to reduce Coronavirus anxiety.