زهرا یوسفی

 The present study aimed to develop a wise parenting training package for adolescents.

Methods and Materials: 

In this qualitative study, the study population consisted of mothers with wise adolescents. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of mothers was determined according to the principle of saturation. Data were collected through interviews with mothers. The data obtained from the literature review were analyzed using the thematic analysis method (2019).

 The results of the thematic analysis indicated the following components: (1) fundamental principles of wise parenting (with organizing codes including perceiving children as a trust and understanding parenting as a divine duty), (2) parenting content (with organizing codes including parenting for difficult situations and parenting for daily life), (3) components of wise parenting (with organizing codes including the meaning of parenting, parenting values, and parenting goals), (4) parenting methods (with organizing codes including behavioral, social, and communicational methods), and (5) characteristics of a wise parent (with organizing codes including intrapersonal and interpersonal characteristics). The training package was developed using the method of Yusefi and Golparvar (2023), with the identified categories incorporated into the training sessions. The package underwent content validation by university faculty members.

 The results indicated that this training package possesses content validity and can be utilized for training wise parenting for adolescent girls.

The present study aimed to predict executive functioning in elementary school girls based on their mothers’ psychological characteristics, including forgiveness, personality traits, and rumination.

The statistical population consisted of all elementary school girls in the city of Falavarjan and their mothers. The sample included 165 randomly selected elementary school girls, and all relevant questionnaires were completed by their mothers. The research instruments included the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF; Gioia, 2000), the Forgiveness Scale (Thompson, 2005), the NEO Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992), and the Rumination Questionnaire (Yousefi, 2007).

The data were analyzed at both the descriptive level (mean and standard deviation) and inferential level (Pearson correlation and multiple regression using stepwise and enter methods). All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. The findings indicated that, among the predictor variables, all except maternal extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness had significant relationships with executive functioning. Additionally, maternal rumination significantly predicted the executive functioning of elementary school girls.

Based on the results, it can be concluded that changes in maternal forgiveness, neuroticism, and rumination are associated with changes in the executive functioning of elementary school girls.

The chapter of food and drink is one of the important and widely discussed jurisprudential topics, which has consistently drawn attention over time. Meanwhile, the issue of animal slaughter stands out as a significant aspect with specific conditions and regulations. Among the various facets of this issue, which is conducted by this research, is the religious ruling concerning the slaughter of animals by followers of divine religions. This discussion has been a subject of interest, examination, and scrutiny within the perspectives of Sunni and Shiite scholars. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the ruling on the slaughter of followers of divine religions from the viewpoints of both Shiite and Sunni traditions and analyze the arguments presented by each group. Using a descriptive-analytical method and library research, findings indicate that there are two differing views among jurists in this area: prohibition and permissibility. Such an opinion is not found among Sunni scholars regarding the prohibition of the slaughter by followers of divine religions; however, some Shiite scholars bring evidence including Qur'anic verses, narrations, and the fatwas of jurists to support their position on its prohibition. These arguments are subject to critique and reflection. On the other, concerning the permissibility of the slaughter by followers of divine religions, some others among Shiite scholars, while maintaining certain conditions, accept its permissibility based on the Qur'an, narrations, and fatwas. Similarly, some Sunni jurists also declare it permissible based on specific verses.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the components of a psychological flourishing educational package for caregivers of patients with multiple sclerosis.

Methods and Materials: 

The research context consisted of all available literature on psychological flourishing. Text selection was conducted purposefully from among literature related to psychological flourishing and its relevant constructs, within the time frame of 2010 to 2025, based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of texts was determined based on the principle of data saturation. The data collection method involved line-by-line examination of texts, guided by questions related to psychological flourishing. Data extracted from the literature were analyzed using the conventional content analysis method proposed by Hsieh and Shannon (2005).

Content analysis revealed that psychological flourishing includes four main concepts: (1) the nature of psychological flourishing, with sub-concepts such as having a self-enhancing perspective, moving from within to outward, and creating a better life for oneself and others; (2) the necessity of psychological flourishing, with sub-concepts including escaping uncertainty, achieving acceptance, and maintaining resilience; (3) the distinction between ordinary and flourishing life, with sub-concepts related to cognitive differences, emotional differences, behavioral differences, and differences in coping mechanisms; and (4) strategies for achieving psychological flourishing, including positive choices, adopting a learning-oriented rather than judgmental attitude, and engaging in positive agency.

Based on these findings, it can be concluded that a psychological flourishing educational package should include four key steps: understanding its nature, recognizing its necessity, differentiating it from ordinary life, and ultimately identifying strategies for achieving psychological flourishing.

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of style deactivation training on competition anxiety and peer harassment in adolescent girls with anxiety symptoms. The research method was a semi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the research was adolescent girls of the first secondary level with anxiety symptoms in Isfahan province in the academic year of 2011-2022. Based on the mentioned statistical population, 40 people were voluntarily selected based on the entry criteria and then randomly assigned to 2 experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). The research tools included Competition Anxiety Questionnaire (Zaghian et al., 2023) and Parada Peer Relationship Assessment Questionnaire (Parada, 2006).While the control group was in  waiting list   the experimental group received light inactivation training (Absheh, 2007) during 8 sessions of 90 minutes. The collected data of the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate covariance analysis). Calculations were done with SPSS version 26 software. The results showed that style deactivation training is effective in reducing competition anxiety and peer harassment in teenage girls with anxiety symptoms (p

The aim of the present study was to discover the components of irreligiousness among boy adolescents. This qualitative research was based on the social constructionist theory of Charmaz (2005). For sampling, a targeted method of homogeneous type was used. The criterion of the number of participants was based on theoretical saturation. For this purpose, after visiting seven religious boys' schools in Isfahan, the number of 10 students according to the entry criteria of interest in cooperation, permission to record and implement interviews and the age range of 15 to 18 years and the exit criteria of not having physical and psychological problems acute and not having religious aversion tendencies, was chosen. In order to collect data, a semi-structured focal type interview was used. The analysis of the contextual theory by the method of Charmaz (2014) revealed three components: a) The nature of atheism contained three core codes, which were: 1) the desire to make decisions based on individual diagnosis, 2) choosing religion as one from the types of life values, 3) acting based on individual diagnoses; b) the class of reasons for atheism with axial codes; 1) individual-oriented causes (with open codes of awakening instincts, curiosity and avoiding advice, inability to manage instincts) and 2) other-oriented causes (with open codes of friends and family, the role of society and the media, and social interactions) and c) the category of how to avoid religion With the main codes: 1) matching with the congregation (with open codes of matching with friend and matching with family), 2) finding contrary evidence for religiosity (inference in favor of atheism from social events, overgeneralization in favor of atheism) and 3) Finding supporting evidence for atheism (finding fault with religious people and positive perceptions of religion). According to the results, it can be said that to correct irreligiousness, strategies must be designed to cover all four dimensions of irreligiousness, otherwise, the correction strategies may not have the necessary results.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurological disease with physical and psychological effects on the life of affected individuals and their families. PD is becoming a growing health challenge that requires preventive efforts and serious actions.This chronic disease requires continuous care and support by a multidisciplinary team to benefit from several types of expertise to fill the care gap and even cure. Parkinson's disease nurse specialist in Iran can be an important and effective step towards improving the quality of care and treatment for these patients.

The sexual abuse of children and adolescents is a significant public health issue that leads to a variety of detrimental social, cultural, and familial consequences. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of self-determination skills training and agoraphobia treatment on emotional regulation and psychological resilience in adolescent girls who have experienced sexual abuse.

This study employed a quasi-experimental design featuring a pretest-posttest approach, including a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population comprised all adolescent girls who experienced sexual abuse in Isfahan in 2023. 45 participants were selected using convenience sampling and subsequently randomly assigned to three groups. The data collection tools used in this study were the Mittmannsgruber Hyperemotion Questionnaire (2009) and the Kloof et al. Psychological Resilience Questionnaire (2002). The first experimental group underwent ten sessions of self-determination skills training based on the Field and Hoffman protocol (1994), while the second experimental group participated in eight sessions of agoraphobia treatment following the McCullough protocol (2003). The control group was also placed on a waiting list. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23, employing a mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures statistical method.

The results indicated that the mean ages of the participants in the self-determination skills training group, the agoraphobia group, and the control group were 15.2, 16.5, and 15.7 years, respectively. Furthermore, the members of all three groups were comparable and homogeneous. The findings indicated that both self-determination skills training and agoraphobia treatment interventions were effective in enhancing positive meta-emotion and psychological resilience among adolescent girls with a history of sexual abuse during the post-test and follow-up stages (p < 0.05). However, only the agoraphobia treatment was effective in improving negative meta-emotion. There was a significant difference between the two experimental groups regarding the effectiveness of treatment on hyperemotion and psychological resilience. The treatment for agoraphobia proved to be more effective than the training in self-determination skills.

The findings indicate that both treatment methods—agoraphobia therapy and self-determination skills training—are effective in enhancing the psychological well-being of adolescent girls who have experienced sexual abuse. Notably, agoraphobia therapy demonstrates a greater effectiveness in improving hyper-emotionality and psychological resilience among these individuals. Consequently, these treatments can serve as complementary approaches to alleviate the psychological challenges faced by girls who have undergone sexual abuse.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Patients with RA experience a lower quality of life due to joint damage and associated limitations in social activities and physical functions. These patients often have poor sleep quality, which may affect other aspects, including pain perception. This study aims to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and pain perception in these patients.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on RA patients attending Imam Hussain Hospital, Shahroud, Iran. 137 RA patients were selected and asked to respond to relevant questions (Petersburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire, reliability 0.83, and McGill Pain Questionnaire, reliability 0.83 to 0.87). Descriptive and inferential statistics employed for data analysis. The normality of the data was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.

The data indicated a statistically significant relationship between sleep quality and disease duration (P < 0.001), as well as between pain perception and disease duration (P > 0.02). However, no significant correlation was observed between pain perception and age or gender or between sleep quality and gender or age. The results of the Chi-square Test revealed a statistically significant correlation between sleep quality and pain perception in RA patients (P< 0.001).

The results of the present study indicated a significant relationship between sleep quality and pain perception in patients with RA. These patients experience poorer sleep quality and greater pain perception with an increase in the duration of their disease.

 It seems that the symptoms of scary dreams followed by rumination are experienced more among female heads of households than other women due to high psychological pressure. Based on this, the research was carried out with the aim of determining the effectiveness of light inactivation therapy on reflective performance and mindfulness of female heads of households.

 The research method was a two-group semi-experimental design with a pre-test and a post-test with a control group. The statistical population of female heads of the household was a member of the welfare department of Isfahan province in the spring and summer of 1402. From the aforementioned statistical population, 40 people were selected voluntarily through the available method and then randomly assigned to 2 experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). The tools of this research included Yousefi's Scary Dreams Questionnaire (1394) and Yousefi's Rumination Questionnaire (1387). Light inactivation training was carried out in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. The collected data were analyzed at two levels, descriptive and inferential, with social science statistical software version 26.

 The mean and deviation of the symptoms of fearful dreams and rumination in the experimental group separately in the pre-test equal to (46.95 ± 11.27), (53.90 ± 25.56) and in the post-test equal to (31.65 ± 9.36), was (23.80 ± 18.11). Also, in the control group, in the pre-test it was equal to (44.15 ± 13.41), (54.30 ± 20.93) and in the post-test, it was equal to (44.85 ± 12.93), (56.45 ± 20.87) ) was The results indicate that the light inactivation training on the symptoms of fearful dreams and rumination of female heads of the household in the post-test phase (p<0.05) and the effects of the training in the follow-up phase (p<0.05) also remained.

 Based on the findings obtained from the present study, it can be concluded that the training of light deactivation therapy as a psychological intervention can be used to reduce the symptoms of fearful dreams and rumination among female heads of the household.

The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of mode inactivation therapy on marital burnout and divorce intention in wives of men who have recovered from addiction.

This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design, including a control group. The study population consisted of all wives of men who had recovered from addiction in Isfahan, Iran, in 2023. From this population, 40 individuals were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (n=20) and the control group (n=20). Participants in both groups completed the couple burnout measurement and the separation tendency scale at the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. Mode inactivation therapy was administered to the experimental group in eight 90-minute sessions, with one session conducted each week. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.

The results indicated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of marital burnout and divorce intention. Specifically, mode inactivation therapy resulted in a reduction of marital burnout and divorce intention in the experimental group, with treatment effects sustained at the follow-up stage.

It is recommended that mental health and addiction specialists implement this intervention as an effective strategy for alleviating psychological issues in wives of men who have recovered from addiction.

Although cognitive bias modification intervention and cognitive-behavioral therapy are two effective methods for reducing food cravings in obese people, to date, no randomized controlled trials compare the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive-behavioral intervention and cognitive bias modification on food cravings in people requesting small gastric bypass surgery.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a cognitive bias modification compared to internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for food cravings.

This study was a quasi-experimental study with a series of pretest-posttest designs with a control group and a follow-up of 2 months. The statistical population consisted of people who wanted gastric sleeve surgery in 2023, were 18 months post-surgery, and lived in Isfahan. From this group, 45 participants were chosen at random into three groups: Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, cognitive bias modification, and control (15 participants per group) using purposive sampling. Over six weeks, participants in the intervention groups attended 42 sessions, while the control group did not receive any therapeutic intervention. Participants were assessed using the Food Craving Questionnaire (Cepeda-Benito et al., 2000) before and after the intervention sessions and two months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS.24 software and mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures.

The findings showed that both cognitive bias modification (CBM) and internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) could have a positive impact on reducing food cravings and its components (p< 0.05). In addition, cognitive bias modification demonstrated significantly higher effectiveness than internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in the components of lack of control, preoccupation with food, emotional craving, feeling of guilt, and total food craving (p< 0.05).

Considering the effectiveness of cognitive bias moderation training and cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing food cravings, it is suggested that these interventions be used along with other evidence-based pharmacological and therapeutic interventions as psychological intervention to change their beliefs and attitudes toward cravings.

Rehabilitation for heart failure patients can help improve heart health, quality of life, and strengthen respiratory muscles. However, some patients do not have access to rehabilitation services in clinics and medical centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of home-based cardio-respiratory rehabilitation on the respiratory muscle function of heart failure patients aged 40-60 years.

 In a semi-experimental design, 43 subjects (20 women and 23 men) with heart failure were divided into three groups: rehabilitation training group (13 people including 7 men and 6 women), rehabilitation training with breathing exercises (15 people including 8 men and 7 women), and the control group (15 people including 8 men and 7 women). The subjects underwent pre-test and post-test measurements of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and dyspnea index.

The results of this research showed that breathing exercises combined with cardiac rehabilitation at home had a significant effect on the subjects' PIMax (P < 0.001). Forthermore, 6WMT mileage increased both during rehabilitation exercises and when rehabilitation exercises were combined with breathing exercises. Also, dyspnea index decreased in both experimental groups (P < 0.001).

Combining rehabilitation exercises with respiratory muscle strengthening can help patients with heart failure, at least in some cases. However, more intense and controlled exercises than home-based exercises may be needed for greater improvements in cardiovascular function.

Child abuse by parents is a very painful phenomenon for children and society, which turns the family environment into an unreliable environment for children .The purpose of this research was to investigate the causes of child abuse in mothers with a history of child abuse based on the opinion of experts from social emergency centers in Isfahan city. The population of this study was specialists working in social emergency departments and health  care centers in 2022. The method of selecting participants was purposeful among the personnel working in social emergency centers and health. The criterion of the number of participants was based on the principle of data saturation. The method of data collection was semi-structured interviews that contained questions related to the experience of experts in the field of factors related to child abuse. The data obtained from the interview were analyzed using the network theme analysis method of (Clarck & Braun, 2019). Results showed that the causes of child abuse include three main categories; Child- oriented causes (causes related to the health and growth of the child and how the child is accepted in the family), family- oriented causes (socio-economic causes in the family and personal and psychological injuries in the family) and society- oriented causes (causes related to law and planning and it can be concluded that in order to prevent child abuse, the three causes of child-centered, family-centered, and community-centered should be considered as the main factors and preventive strategies of child abuse should be designed based on these factors.

The objective of the current study was to examine the efficacy of life therapy in reducing the perceived stress and increase psychological capital among female caregivers of the elderly in Ardestan. The research method was quasi-experimental, utilizing a control group, pretest, and posttest. The statistical population of the current research consisted of female caregivers of the elderly in the town of Ardestan during the first six months of 2020 who were responsible for an elderly member of their family. A total of 30 female caregivers of the elderly were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups, each consisting of 15 women, using the available sampling method. Over the course of two months, the experimental group was subjected to eight sessions of quality of life therapy, each lasting seventy-five minutes. The pretest was administered prior to the intervention, and the posttest was administered subsequent to it. In this study, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) (Cohen, Kamarck, Mermelstein, 1983) and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) (Luthans, Avoliveand, 2007) were implemented. The data from the study were analyzed through Covariance via SPSS23 software. The results showed quality of life therapy has significant effect on the perceived stress (F=41.31; Eta=0.50; P<0001) and psychological capital (F=46.91; Eta=0.55; P<0001) in female caregivers of the elderly. According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that quality of life therapy can be employed as an effective therapy to reduce perceived stress and enhance psychological capital in female caregivers of the elderly. This can be achieved by training family members’ communication, members’ support and acceptance, and the replacement of irrational thoughts with rational thoughts.

The objective of the present study was to develop a problem-solving training package based on dialectical behavior therapy specifically for traumatized children. The research environment included all texts related to childhood trauma and dialectical behavior therapy. The method of selecting participants was purposive sampling from the aforementioned texts based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of mothers was determined according to the principle of saturation. The data collection method involved line-by-line analysis of texts. The data obtained from the review of texts were analyzed using content analysis. Two dimensions were extracted from the content analysis of dialectical behavior therapy, which were: 1) psychopathology with three main concepts (emotional vulnerability, invalidating environment, and emotional dysregulation) and 2) therapeutic interventions consisting of two dimensions (individual interventions and group skills training). Three main dimensions were extracted from the content analysis of trauma, which included: 1) types of traumatic events, 2) factors influencing trauma experience, and 3) trauma manifestations. The results of the analysis led to the development of the training package using Yusefi and Golparvar’s (2023) dialectical behavior therapy therapeutic components, and trauma manifestations from childhood trauma were incorporated into the training sessions in such a way that trauma manifestations were addressed through problem-solving methods with the help of dialectical behavior therapy strategies. The package was then validated by university professors. The calculation of the agreement coefficient indicated that this training package has content validity and can be used for improving traumatized children.

Various factors are effective in the durability and survival of the family, including the emotional experience of couples with each other, and paying attention to it can provide a basis for improving family structures. The present study sought to answer the question whether the variables of reflective functioning, emotional expression, emotional self-awareness, attention-seeking and dependency to Instagram can predict the emotional experience with the spouse among the married people of Isfahan city.

The current research method was descriptive and correlational. The studied population in this research was all married people of Isfahan city. A sample of 250 people was selected using the available method and then the questionnaires were distributed among the people. The research tools were: Yousefi, ghafarollahi, Golparvar, Kiani emotional experience with the spouse questionnaire, Fonagy and Bateman's reflective function questionnaire, King and Emmons' emotional expression questionnaire, the emotional self-awareness subscale of Bar-on's emotional intelligence questionnaire, a researcher-made attention-seeking questionnaire and Young's Internet Addiction Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and stepwise regression).

The results of this research showed that among the predictor variables, positive emotional expressiveness and dependency to Instagram have the power to predict positive emotional experience with the spouse, and variables of attention-seeking, positive emotional expressiveness and the certainty factor from the reflective functioning variable have the power to predict negative emotional experience with the spouse.

According to the findings of the research, in order to improve positive emotional experiences with the spouse, dependency to Instagram and positive emotional expression should be increased among women, and to reduce negative emotional experiences with the spouse, attention seeking should be reduced and positive emotional expression and certainty should be increased.

Addiction involves the spouses of addicts in a wide range of unpleasant emotional experiences and mental and emotional turmoil. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive defusion techniques on emotional experiences toward the spouse and marital rumination in the spouses of recovered addicts.

This semi-experimental study was conducted on the spouses of recovered addicts in Isfahan in the spring of 2023. From the mentioned population, 40 individuals were selected based on availability and inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two groups: experimental and control (20 individuals each). The tools used included the Emotional Experience toward Spouse Questionnaire and the Rumination Questionnaire. The experimental group received eight sessions of cognitive defusion intervention. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni tests with SPSS software version 18.

The effectiveness of cognitive defusion techniques on emotional experience toward the spouse and marital rumination was significant (P<0.01), with effect sizes of 21% and 20%, respectively. This effect was sustained during the follow-up phase.

The findings indicate that cognitive defusion techniques can be used as an effective intervention by mental health and addiction specialists to reduce psychological problems in spouses of recovered addicts. Marital Rumination, Addiction.

This research was conducted with the aim of developing and validating a therapeutic intervention package based on the healthy human theory on social stigma, alexithymia, self-compassion, and cognitive fusion of mothers having children with autism spectrum.

In this research, a mixed research method was used: in the qualitative part, the comparative theme analysis method, and in the quantitative part, the semi-experimental method. The research environment included 52 reliable sources that were selected by purposive sampling based on the healthy human theory and parents of autistic children. The target population in the quantitative section was mothers with autistic children in Isfahan city, 6 of whom were selected by purposive sampling method and participated in the intervention. The tools for collecting data in the quantitative part were the Mak and Kwok Stigma Questionnaire (2010), Toronto Ataxia Scale (TAS-20), Neff's Self-Compassion Questionnaire (2003), and Gillanders et al.'s Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (2014).

The results of Atride Sterling's theme analysis indicated that 8 organizing themes (satisfaction and enjoyment of life, loving creation and self, metacognition, peace, happiness, hope, currentness, and meaning) were obtained out of 18 basic themes around the overarching theme, a therapeutic intervention based on the healthy human theory. The results of the dependent t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the pre-test and the post-test in all four social stigma, emotional malaise, self-compassion, and cognitive fusion (P<0.05), which shows the effectiveness and validity of the therapeutic intervention package based on the healthy human theory on mothers with children having the autism spectrum in the preliminary implementation (pilot stage).

The therapeutic intervention model based on the healthy human theory is effective on four variables: social stigma, alexithymia, self-compassion, and cognitive fusion. This method can be adopted to conduct counseling interventions for parents to facilitate adaptation to a similar situation.

The aim of the present study was the effectiveness of narrative therapy on meta emotion and reflective functioning among adolescent girls in Isfahan city.
The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group with a 2-month follow-up phase. The statistical population included all adolescent girls aged in Isfahan city. 40 people were selected by available sampling and replaced in two experimental and control groups by a simple random method. The research tools were Fonagy's Reflective Functioning questionnaire (2016) and Mitmansgruber's meta-emotion questionnaire (2009). The experimental group gave 8 sessions of 90-minute narrative therapy intervention based on De Manck's (1941) protocol and the control group was on the waiting list. The data were analyzed using SPSS-23 software and at two descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (variance analysis with repeated measurements) levels (P<0.001).
The mean and standard deviation for the post-test stage of positive meta-emotion were 25.95±3.92 and 19.55±2.9, negative meta-emotion 7.15±2.60 and 13/10±2/91, and reflective functioning in the post-test stage 66±7.23 and 39.16±5.63 in the control group. That the findings showed that mean positive meta-emotion and reflective functioning to the control group had increased significantly and mean negative meta-emotion to the control group had increased decreases (P<0.001).
Based on this, it can be concluded that the narrative therapy method improves the mental health of adolescent girls and improves their cognitive and emotional components.

The aim of the present study was to develop a responsible adolescent package. 

Methods and Materials: 

This research was qualitative in nature. In the first part, the analysis of responsibility texts was conducted using Hsieh and Shannon's (2005) content analysis method. In the second part, the responsible adolescent package was developed using the method of Yusefi and Golparvar (2023). The environment of this research included all texts related to responsibility in adolescence. The method of participant selection was purposive sampling, and the criterion for the number of texts was based on the principle of data saturation. Accordingly, ten texts were selected. The method of data collection involved in-depth and precise study of the texts.

The results obtained from the five-step analysis method of Hsieh and Shannon (2005) indicated that this concept has four dimensions and eight sub-concepts, which were: 1) Foundations of responsibility (with sub-concepts of moral development and authoritative communication with parents), 2) Necessities of responsibility (with sub-concepts of identity and executive function), 3) Methods of achieving responsibility (with sub-concepts of empathy and self-control), and 4) Barriers to responsibility (with sub-concepts of painful past experiences and peer influence). In the package development section, the goal was to enhance adolescent responsibility through awareness and skill-building to manage irresponsibility using two strategies: enhancing executive function and increasing empathy. This was accomplished using the package development method of Yusefi and Golparvar (2023), and techniques related to the selected strategies were chosen from neuropsychological and reflective performance texts and aligned with the sub-goals of each session. Overall, the results of this study led to an eight-session educational package. Finally, the educational package was content-validated by experts using the agreement coefficient of the evaluators, and the results indicated content validity. 

Based on this result, it can be said that this educational package is suitable for enhancing adolescent responsibility.

Children are always the most vulnerable group of society, who are not able to fully protect and support themselves due to various reasons, including their young age and lack of sufficient skills, and they need the support of adults, especially their parents. The aim of this research was investigating the effectiveness of child abuse copping parenting training on, parenting stress and children's behavioral problems in mothers with a history of child abuse in Isfahan.

The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test-follow-up with control group. For this purpose, 30 mothers with a history of child abuse were available selected among the clients of social emergency centers in 2022 and were randomly assigned in two experimental and control groups. Subjects of both groups answered parenting stress questionnaires and children's behavioral problems in the pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up stages. The experimental group received eight 60-minute sessions of Child abuse copping parenting training twice a week. The control group did not receive any training during this period to analyze the data using descriptive statistical methods (mean and deviation standard) and inferential (repeated measurement analysis of variance) were used.

The results of repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that Child abuse copping parenting training reduces parenting stress and children's behavioral problems in mothers with a history of child abuse (P<0.05).

According to the results, it can be said that one of the effective ways to reduce parenting stress and children's behavioral problems in mothers with a history of child abuse can be Child abuse copping parenting training.

Amali: Representation of the Position and Personality of Hazrat Zahra (A.S) in Sheikh Tusi's Intellectual Systemintellectual legacy of previous Imami scholars and their views on the personality and status of Hazrat Zahra (PBUH) has been influential in establishing an independent title in the books of Imami authors on the life of her (A.S). Considering the two factors of Sheikh Tusi's (d. 460 AH) influence on later scholars in various fields and the holding of his Amali’s sessions in the city of Najaf, at the peak of his intellectual maturity and the formation of his ideological system, examining how the personality and position of Hazrat Zahra (A.S) are represented in his Amali, has formed the main issue of the present article.The results of this text-based research, which was conducted using a historical method, show that the method of selecting and narrating narrations by Sheikh Tusi, namely, drawing the audience's attention to the personal dimensions of Hazrat Fatima (A.S), highlighting her virtues, defending the right of Imam ‘Ali (A.S) to caliphate and succession; and linking this to his oppression after the death of the Prophet (PBUH), focused the attention of the audience present at his Amali sessions and the readers of his book on the status and personality of Hazrat Zahra (A.S) and was effective in expanding the Shiite Ahl-albayt's writing to the lives of the Fourteen Masoum (A.S).