زینب کرکه آبادی

Security is one of the fundamental needs of humans, and due to population growth and increasing complexity, today's cities face more challenges in achieving security. The overall aim of this study was to explore the relationship between smart city drivers and sustainable urban security in the city of Semnan.

This research employed a descriptive correlational method to investigate the relationships between smart city dimensions and urban security in 2024 in Semnan. Data were collected through a questionnaire from 384 participants. For analysis, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and one-sample T-test were used. The results revealed that the dimensions of citizens, smart environment, and smart mobility had the most positive impact on urban security, while the dimensions of smart governance and smart dynamics need strengthening.

The findings indicate that the various dimensions of the smart city have different impacts on urban security in Semnan. "Citizens," "smart environment," and "smart mobility" have the most positive impact on urban security and should be strengthened in policy-making. On the other hand, "smart governance" and "smart dynamics" need revision and improvement. The results also show that 58% of the variance in urban security is explained by the dimensions of the smart city, indicating a strong relationship between these dimensions and urban security. Additionally, the urban security status in Semnan was found to be below expectations, and this difference is statistically significant.

The results of this study indicate that the various dimensions of a smart city, especially "citizens," "smart environment," and "smart mobility," have a significant impact on urban security, while the dimensions of "smart governance" and "smart dynamics" require strengthening and improvement to enhance urban security.

This research aimed to investigate the sustainability status of the historical-cultural area 8 in Tabriz, a metropolitan city. The study was descriptive-analytical in nature. The population consisted of residents from various neighborhoods within the eight districts of Tabriz, and using Cochran's formula and a simple random classification method, 375 individuals over 15 years of age were selected as the sample size. The questionnaire's validity was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha formula, with values ranging from 0.876 to 0.881 for different parts of the questionnaire. Fuzzy TOPSIS was employed to evaluate the variables, the sustainability barometer model was used for sustainability evaluation, and statistical tests were used for data inference and testing. GIS software was utilized for mapping purposes. The findings indicated that the Bazaar neighborhood was the most stable neighborhood, while the Tapli Bagh-Damaskiah neighborhood was the least stable neighborhood within the eight districts of Tabriz metropolis. In terms of sustainability across the six neighborhoods in the eight districts of Tabriz, economic sustainability had the highest positive impact, while environmental sustainability had the lowest positive impact. The district's status regarding human well-being and ecosystem well-being was 0.585 and 0.542, respectively. Single-sample T-tests revealed that, based on the sustainability barometer results, economic, social, physical, and environmental dimensions were prioritized in that order. Tukey's and Shafe's tests further confirmed the existence of a sustainability gap between different dimensions of sustainability. In order to enhance the overall sustainability status, it is recommended that city managers focus on improving environmental indicators within the city's core neighborhoods.

In a new approach to the city, the creative city has been proposed as a strategic method in the field of thinking, planning and implementing urban plans. Due to the profound changes that are taking place in the urban environment, urban creativity is a vital factor in solving many of the city's problems. In this regard, the purpose of the present study; recognizing the set of effective factors in creativity (competitive advantages and existing capacities) in order to achieve urban branding in Damghan. The approach governing the research space is qualitative and the type of research is applied and in terms of implementation is survey type (observation and interview). The statistical population of the present study includes (all senior managers of the municipality, faculty members of the Department of Geography, Art and Urban Planning, city councils and people with experience in the field of urban management) who were selected using the Delphi method 17 people as a sample size. For data analysis, the method of Grand Theory (Foundation Data Theory) has been used. From the results of interviews with experts to examine the existing capacities and competitive advantages using the grounded theory method, 42 concepts and 7 categories (Imagery, strategic and comprehensive document and planning, identifying the value of competitive advantages and existing capacities, infrastructure development, innovation, urban regeneration, integrated urban management) were extracted.From the results of interviews with experts to examine the existing capacities and competitive advantages using the grounded theory method, 42 concepts and 7 categories (Imagery, strategic and comprehensive document and planning, identifying the value of competitive advantages and existing capacities, infrastructure development, innovation, urban regeneration, integrated urban management) were extracted.

The physical development of worn-out urban tissues and their regeneration in a way, according to their requirements and nature, in the face of inefficient urban tissues, requires a gradual and processual approach and avoiding temporary and temporary measures. Examining the frameworks related to urban management shows that the use of collaborative planning techniques to change the role of governments and the use of local governance processes to coordinate with regional systems and at the same time the development of local capacities leads to the realization of urban development and regeneration becomes effective and comprehensive. The research is of applied type and the study method is survey-analytical. In this research, after collecting data through questionnaires, analyzing the data using SPSS statistical software and modeling structural equations with Amos software, the proper fit of the model has been confirmed. The results of this research showed that there is a relationship between the indicators of the state of urban governance and the indicators of improving the urban regeneration of Semnan, and in the regeneration index, environmental-physical factors, economic factors, and social and cultural factors have the greatest impact on urban regeneration and on the optimal urban governance. Participation, accountability, efficiency and effectiveness, law-oriented, justice and equality, transparency, accountability, and community-oriented have had the greatest impact in order, and in general, favorable urban governance has had an impact on urban regeneration.

This study aimed to develop strategies for branding using the smart city approach based on economic dimensions in the Yusefabad neighborhood located in district 6 of Tehran.

This analytical-applied study was conducted in the Yusefabad neighborhood of Tehran in 2023-2024. The research tool was a questionnaire designed based on the economic dimension with sub-components including service and tourism facilities (5 indices), neighborhood unique features and assets (6 indices), transportation services and accessibility (6 indices), urban services and infrastructure (4 indices), city's international status (4 indices), and investment and trade (3 indices). The content and face validity were assessed using the expert panel method. Then, the questionnaire was distributed among 30 urban planners in district 6 of Tehran. The data were analyzed using the independent t-test and Friedman test in SPSS 23.

The highest mean in the economic dimensions was related to transportation services and accessibility (2.4), while the lowest mean was related to service and tourism facilities with a value of 2.89. The results of component ranking indicated that in the service and tourism facilities index, the components of recreational centers and entertainment venues (0.189) and the status of hotels and hostels (0.189) ranked highest. In the unique features and assets index, unique monuments and buildings (0.062) ranked highest. In the urban services and infrastructure index, the components of urban facility conditions (0.182) and urban equipment status (0.179) ranked highest. In the city's international status index, advertising power (0.210) ranked first. In the investment and trade index, the status of markets and sales centers ranked first.

The economic component with a beta coefficient of 0.438 significantly influences the smart city. The economic status is a significant predictor of the smart city.

Historical spaces of cities as symbols of identity to city that for some reasons such as the passage of time, lack of compliance with the principles of modern urban planning, communication routes, non-engineering access, etc, have lost their effectiveness, despite the importance of historical spaces These spaces have a low enjoyment coefficient in terms of access to urban infrastructure, and solving this problem depends on accurate identification of components, understanding the relationships between components and finally identifying key components.

The main goal of the current research is to identify the key components in the field of improving justice in access to urban infrastructure in the historic-cultural municipality of region of Tabriz.

The research is applied, and its descriptive-analytical approach is based on the prospective approach. Research data has been obtained using Delphi group comments. The number of components of the research includes 21 components in service, urban, managerial, and historical dimensions. Also, the members of the Delphi group included 19 people.

Geography area of research:

 The scope of the present study is the historical-cultural municipality basin of the eight metropolitan areas of Tabriz, where more than 80% of the historical monuments of Tabriz are located in this region.

The findings showed that out of a total of 21 components affecting the improvement of justice in access to urban infrastructure in historical contexts, 11 components are the key components. The most important key components are the improvement of visual quality, improvement of transportation, and retrofitting old buildings, etc. Also, the results of the Electra test in the field of prioritizing the seven neighborhoods located in the historical-cultural municipality of the 8th region of Tabriz showed that, respectively, the neighborhoods of Shahnaz, Bazzar, Mansour, Maghsoodieh, Daneshsara, Karabagh-Balahamam, and Taplibagh-Damaskia are in the first to seventh priorities.

The results of the research showed that the three components of improving the quality of public transportation in historical contexts, the per capita improvement of urban green spaces, and the preservation of historical symbols as three key Factors in the field of improving justice in access to urban infrastructures in historical contexts. From this point of view, it can be said that Shahnaz, Bazzar, and Maghsoodieh neighborhoods have grades one to three, respectively, in terms of access to urban infrastructure. Finally, practical proposals were presented in the field of promoting justice in access to urban infrastructures of historical contexts.

The contribution of the study in place branding theory is that cities and destinations generally do not include their smart aspects in their branding strategy. Therefore, one should try to understand that branding is not the only management and communication of a brand. It should be a complete management process, constantly evolving, which should include all key aspects of the identity, reality and development of cities and destinations, and should also be able to include aspects and realities of the territory even if they include them. The current research is quantitative in terms of purpose, application and methodology. Library sources and field research (questionnaire) have been used to collect information. For sampling from the statistical population, the urban planners of the sixth district of Tehran, Yousef Abad neighborhood, are considered. For this purpose, random sampling was used in this study. According to the opinion of professors and consultants, the size of the statistical sample is 30 people due to the unknown exact statistics of the number of experts in the field of urban planning. Questionnaire validity, content validity and reliability were determined using Cronbach's alpha as 0.88. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the physical and environmental components of the urban branding of Mahlesfabad and the smart city at the 95% confidence level. It is also possible to provide an unlimited amount of information about Yousef Abad neighborhood by holding various exhibitions and events, online information (or city branding in virtual space and social networks) and websites designed with a domain name specific to the city. Transfer to your contacts and by providing virtual tourism tours, signs and elements of the visual identity of the city, advertising slogans, calendar of city events, the possibility of online planning and reservation of facilities and other unlimited facilities, influence the audience's understanding of that neighborhood.

Interpretive structural modeling of urban furniture with the aim of reducing urban vandalism behaviors. The importance of urban furniture in many cities of the country is considered as one of the important topics of urban planners and beautifiers. Sufficient attention to elements such as proper design, dimensions, proper placement and monitoring, etc., can be effective in reducing destructive behaviors. For this purpose, with the aim of better identifying these elements, this research has tried to design a suitable model in this regard and provide it to urban planners and beautifiers. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of nature. The statistical population of the research in the Delphi section and in order to achieve the necessary theoretical saturation was 11 experts from among academic experts and officials of the Semnan urban beautification organization, and for the model test in a larger statistical sample, there were 386 people over 18 years old living in Semnan. People were selected. The necessary data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire tool, and the interpretive structural modeling technique was used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that the elements affecting urban furniture include 4 main dimensions of design, supervision, psychological factors and proper placement with 16 components. In the interpretive structural modeling section, it was also determined that the induction of a sense of belonging is the most effective factor, and the factors of form, fit with needs, warning alert, quick fix of defects, harmony with the environment, response to needs and ease of use are the most effective.

Undoubtedly, confronted with an immense volume of data and information, and recognizing time as the paramount capital in modern city administrations, the imperative is clear: embracing new technologies becomes unavoidable. In the realm of participatory decision-making, the utilization of virtual environmental systems offers a practical avenue. These systems enable the selection of viable and fitting solutions through the evaluation of simulated ideas, thereby averting erroneous decisions. The principal objective of this research is to usher in a novel perspective within Iran's urban planning, wherein the precedence of landscape design hinges on the attainment of a sustainable urban landscape, emphasizing the active involvement of local residents in the design process.In this article, the snowball sampling method is employed. The significant components of collaborative urban development and collaborative virtual environments were discerned and analyzed using the Delphi method. Factors with lesser impact on the research model were identified through expert opinions, resulting in the formulation of a conceptual model based on both existing models and responses from a questionnaire. In crafting this conceptual model, expert opinions were amalgamated through the brainstorming method, facilitating the derivation of a suitable model using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method. Following this approach, a sustainable urban landscape system can be envisioned for the Rudaki area, leveraging its substantial potential in historical and cultural identity. This process, rooted in network analysis, not only offers a valuable output for decision-making but also serves as a foundation for designing a sustainable urban landscape system.

The old texture of every city represents the history and identity of the past. It is one of the measures that can be taken to preserve it. The transformation of these roads into pedestrian paths can be an attractive destination for pedestrians and the growth and development of a sustainable city. help Therefore, the attention of most urban managers to urban movement spaces such as "pedestrians" is one of the most basic parts of urban policies to achieve sustainable development, especially in ancient cities with historical value

This research is "descriptive-analytical" if the topic is to investigate the relationships between the variables (descriptive) and provide suggestions that can be used in the practical field, and the measurement method is used if the variables in question are measured using a questionnaire. Methodology The questionnaire consists of simple, anonymous questions based on the scale and options in relation to the research hypotheses, with direct reference to the individuals. If the method of selection of statistical samples in this research, according to the subject and nature of the method, stratified sampling (simple random sampling in each class) is proportional to the allocation, the validity of the questionnaire will be determined in priority. The relevant experts have been used. Also, after the opinions of the experts, the Spearman's rank coefficient has been used to check the validity of the research if it has been accepted. According to the questions raised by the Likert spectrum, the indicators were divided into three categories, and the weighting of the indicators was carried out using the entropy method.

In this article, by examining various pedestrian indicators from the point of view of sustainable development in the city of Samnan, including sustainable development indicators, tourism indicators, in the process of pedestrian regeneration, based on questionnaires compiled using hypothesis testing methods, the average of a community t- test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and then ranking indices based on entropy weight and finally TOPSIS method. The data analysis is performed and the hypotheses are investigated. The analysis of pedestrian access, surface service and pedestrian services has been used according to the 2016 HCM manual.

The following indicators will be correctly defined in the process of pedestrian reconstruction in the city of Samnan and can be effective. But the level of service in this area is low. In order to have a sustainable development, the pedestrian axis in this street becomes important and requires higher level services.

The importance of urban furniture in most cities of the country is one of the important topics of urban planners and beautifiers. Paying attention to elements such as proper design, dimensions, proper placement and monitoring, etc., has the ability to reduce vandalism.

With the aim of better identifying these elements, this research has tried to provide a suitable model in this regard to urban planners and beautifiers with the aim of reducing vandalism.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlative in nature. The statistical population of the research in the Delphi section and in order to achieve the necessary theoretical saturation was 11 experts from among academic experts and officials of the Semnan urban beautification organization, and for the model test in a larger statistical sample, there were 386 people over 18 years old living in Semnan. People were selected. The necessary data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire tool, and in order to analyze the data, regression analysis was used in the form of structural equation technique and fuzzy inference system.

Studied Areas: 

The geographical scope of this research is the city of Semnan.

The results of the research showed that the designed model has a suitable fit and among the main dimensions, the "psychological factors" dimension with a factor load of 0.96 has the highest correlation with the main concept of the research. The composition of the main factors of the model also determined that the best reduction of urban vandalism behaviors will be achieved when the amount of attention to the placement dimension is 1.68, psychological factors dimension is 2.83, supervision is 2.59 and design is 2.62.

The reduction of urban vandalism behaviors is influenced by urban furniture elements and the designed model will reduce urban vandalism behaviors by 39%.

Good urban governance is a new theory, the implementation of which realizes the field of sustainable development in the society. In the corona situation, with the experience that all kinds of democratic and non-democratic governments showed in managing affairs, apparently, the most successful way of governance appeared from countries where women were at the top of the government and made decisions for themselves and others. Since women always have multiple roles, even in crises, they have a more effective role in facing and managing it. The city of Semnan has faced issues in the field of urban management and governance during the corona and post-corona period. The purpose of this article is the role of good urban governance in the era of Corona and post-corona, considering the position of women in Semnan. The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and practical in nature. A questionnaire was used to collect the data and information of this research. The statistical population of the current research is the citizens of Semnan with a population of 216,578 people, and the sample size is calculated using Cochran's formula to be equal to 383 people. In order to analyze the data, to test the hypotheses, one-sample t-tests, multivariate linear regression, and Pearson's correlation were used, and to generalize the results from the sample to the statistical population, the structural equation modeling method was used by Lisrel software. The findings have shown that the quality of governance in Semnan and the position of women in the era of Corona and post-corona are in unfavorable conditions in Semnan and they are weak. The results of the sample T-Tech test have shown that the state of the aspects of good urban governance in Semnan city and the position of women in it is not in a good situation. Finally, the results of the investigations show; It is not possible to hope for the realization of good urban governance without the practical definition and explanation of the special position of women as half of the city's citizens and one of the most influential groups in the administration of city affairs.

Over the past decades, modern urbanism has relied too much on the needs of mobility and neglecting the organization of pedestrian spaces. According to the trend, sustainable urban development will be caused if urban planners present the theory of neo-urbanism to save urban centers, and the officials of urban affairs develop plans in the direction of pedestrian traffic, if they themselves put some kind of neo-urbanism in their agenda. In this article, various pedestrian indicators, including pedestrian indicators, sustainable development indicators and tourism indicators, were compiled based on questionnaires and were compiled using the methods of hypothesis testing, equality of averages, a population t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and then ranking indicators based on Weighted entropy and finally TOPSIS method. The analysis of the data has been carried out and the measurement of pedestrian traffic has been done using the HQE2R model, and the analysis of pedestrians, surface service and pedestrian services has been used according to the 2016 HCM manual. Also, the accessibility, movement structure and strategic components of Imam street will be approved through Arc-GIS software and maps of Imam street will be designed. The results of the data analysis and the models used in the research indicate that the indicators in the process of pedestrian regeneration in Semnan city will be correctly defined and can be effective. But the level of service in this area is low. In order to have a sustainable development, the pedestrian axis becomes important in this street and requires higher level services.

Today, urban prosperity has become one of the important issues in the field of urban development. In this regard, this article has tried to identify and cluster the driving forces affecting the future state of the prosperity of the metropolis of Tehran using the method of structural analysis. Theoretical data was prepared by document method and experimental data by survey method based on Delphi technique. The statistical population is 20 urban experts based on snowball sampling. 49 primary drivers have been processed in MICMAC software in 6 statistical categories and identified by structural interaction analysis method. The results of this research show that the general distribution pattern of the drivers studied, in terms of mutual effects analysis, indicates the state of an unstable environmental system in which the drivers of urban prosperity have a complex and intermediate state in terms of effectiveness and effectiveness. The focus of drivers is mostly in the cluster of independent factors. Poverty rate, Gini coefficient, employment rate, unemployment rate, accessibility to public open spaces, recreation per capita, space per capita, satisfaction with the quality of health care services, satisfaction with the security of the physical environment, the number of young unemployed, the employment rate in the informal sector, Cultural per capita, the amount of destruction and renovation of worn-out structures, waste generation per capita, civic participation were chosen as the most important driving forces for the future prosperity of Tehran metropolis.

In the current situation where the country is facing many economic problems and issues in some sectors due to sanctions, taking a step towards a resilient economy in the urban area can be a good platform for proper spending and reducing urban costs, realizing the capacity. The potential of the city, the optimal and timely use of existing opportunities, urban management strategies and the use of creativity and innovation.

Aim of the research:

 The main purpose of this research is to study and explain the pattern of realization of resistance economy in urban management with a cultural policy approach.

The present research is applied from the perspective of the purpose and is considered descriptive-analytical from the perspective of the research method. In this research, a model has been presented through documentary study and with the help of Delphi method and expert opinion. Data analysis was first performed using descriptive statistics.

The proposed model included a cultural policy dimension consisting of 3 components and 51 indicators. Then, for statistical analysis of the data, factor analysis methods were used and the research model was tested by structural equation method. realization of resistance economics in urban management through discourse, awareness and promotion of a culture of saving as components of cultural policy.

The results of the study showed that the obtained model will play an essential role in the realization of resistance economics in urban management through discourse, awareness and promotion of a culture of saving as components of cultural policy.

Urban development policy is an important issue in the field of urban development and planning. This issue refers to solving how to create prosperous cities and communities, improve the quality of life of citizens and meet current and future needs. In this regard, the present research has been carried out in order to compile the prosperity scenarios of Tehran metropolis based on the principles of future studies. This research is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method and based on future research approach. The statistical population was 20 urban experts based on snowball sampling. 49 primary drivers in 6 statistical categories and identified by structural interaction analysis and scenario writing methods have been processed in MICMAC and Scenario Wizard software. The results of this research show that the golden scenario or high prosperity of Tehran metropolis will happen when the quality of life factors face a growing trend and the status of social cohesion and equality factors are in line with the prosperity of Tehran metropolis. In fact, in these scenarios, the key factors are more favorable than critical. This group of scenarios includes only the first scenario among the 21 believable scenarios, and with 100% favorability, it prevails over other conditions (static and critical) that show a positive and hopeful state in front of the urban prosperity of Tehran metropolis.

Inefficient urban structures are of great importance due to specific problems and the high proportion of urban population density. The present study aims to investigate the role of the government in realizing the development and stabilization of inefficient urban structures. In order to understand the role of good urban governance in solving the problems of unstable physical-environmental and social contexts in Semnan city, indicators were calculated through documentary and library study. The required information was collected through a survey method. Data analysis was done by SPSS statistical software and structural equation model indices were analyzed by Amos software. The results of this research showed that the status of urban governance indicators and indicators of improving the urban sustainability of worn-out fabric in Semnan city are suitable, and in the optimal urban governance, the indicators of people's participation and responsibility have the greatest impact on improving the state of urban governance, and environmental-physical factors have the greatest impact. In the improvement of the sustainable development of the middle worn out fabric of Semnan city.

The development and expansion of urbanization in the twentieth century has led to the formation of different spatial organizations in urban and regional patterns. Semnan city with a strategic position in the country's communication network and proximity to the capital and industrial, mining and agricultural potentials due to changes and implementation of political divisions in the last decade and the promotion of small towns around Semnan to the city without paying attention to interconnections and demarcations performance encountered. Existence of flows of goods, manpower, and interurban and peripheral services represents a range of activities that cannot be stopped within local boundaries. This study has used the gravity method (measurement of flows and distance from the center) to determine the boundaries of Semnan urban area and its purpose is to determine the boundaries of Semnan urban area based on functional relationships. From the city center of Semnan, a radius of 20 and 50 km was hit in GIS, the city of Semnan was selected as the main city and the cities of Dargzin, Sorkheh, Shahmirzad and Mahdishahr were selected as the surrounding cities. In the flow measurement method, the amount of population displaced between the two cities and the amount of goods displaced were calculated and the final score (iT) of each city was calculated by including the relevant formulas. According to calculations, the cities of Sorkheh and Dargzin are with moderate correlation, Mahdishahr with high correlation and Shahmirzad with very high correlation with Semnan. In the method of distance from the center to determine the boundaries of Semnan urban area, a suitable distance for the maximum distance that Semnan city can affect the surrounding urban areas while maintaining the nature of its city-regions (the easiest time to reach the main city) is specified. Besides, cities that have the desired level of points are located in the urban area using this method. From the overlap of the maps obtained from the methods of measuring flows and distance from the center in GIS, Semnan urban area was determined based on statistical functional relationships and the area of Semnan urban area consisting of Semnan, Dargzin, Sorkheh, Shahmirzad and Mahdishahr cities. The total resilience level in Semnan region is equal to 3.21, lower than the average of 3.5. As it was said before, only the social and cultural dimension is resilient and in terms of other dimensions, especially the economic and institutional management dimensions, resilience is at a very low level.

The appropriate urban governance approach is one of the newest and at the same time most reliable approaches to urban management. This new approach in urban historical contexts has a multidimensional function in terms of improving the conditions of historical contexts because it will lead to the preservation of urban identity, improving the appearance and urban landscape, and ultimately increasing citizen satisfaction. The cultural-historical municipality of Tabriz Region 8 is one of the most historic urban areas among all cities in Iran that has not been studied from the perspective of optimal urban governance. The historical region of Tabriz is 8. The nature of the research is applied research that has been done descriptively-analytically and inferentially. The statistical population of the study consists of residents of District 8 and academic experts. The sample size was 377 people who were selected by simple random sampling. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.901. The research findings were analyzed using Pearson, regression, and ANOVA statistical tests as well as neighborhood prioritization using the Vikor method. Findings showed that the 15 variables were able to explain 89.6% of the variance changes related to optimal urban governance. Also, the results of the ANOVA test show that there is a significant difference between the seven neighborhoods in terms of desirable governance indicators. Finally, the results of the Vikor test showed that Bazaar, Shahnaz, Mansour, Daneshsara, Maghsoudiyeh, Tepli Bagh-Damascus, and Qarabagh-Balahamam neighborhoods are in the first to seventh ranks, respectively. Finally, according to the research findings, practical suggestions were presented.

Due to the rapid growth of cities and increasing urbanization in recent decades, urban runoff and flood damage is one of the most important and fundamental issues in the field of urban management. The purpose of this study is in the first part; Quantitative simulation of floods caused by rainfall for region 4 of Tehran for the years 1349-1396 using the SWMM model.

The simulation was performed for six-hour showers with 2, 5 and 10 year return periods for 12 hours. In this research, two projects of the best management strategies (BMP) under the garden and green roof climate scenario and a combination of both scenarios to control the maximum runoff in terms of quantity and finally their efficiency in reducing the total volume of runoff out of the basin, is studied. In the second part; Evaluation and analysis of resilience caused by urban floods in the 9 districts of Tehran's 4th district in four dimensions: socio-cultural, economic, managerial-institutional and physical. This section is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of survey and descriptive-analytical methods. The statistical population of the study is the total citizens of Region 4, of which the sample size was calculated using the Cochran's formula of 384 people. According to the obtained results, the third scenario (combining the first and second scenarios) will have the greatest impact on reducing the flow depth and flow rate in the entire surface water collection network.     

Findings of the research in the field of resilience assessment and analysis showed that District 5, District 4 of Tehran is the most desirable district and District 1 and District 8, 4 are the most undesirable in terms of resilience against urban floods.

Districts 4 and 9 are ranked last in terms of resilience-cultural, economic, managerial-institutional), which indicates that this area is weak in some cases, which is to reduce the level of vulnerability. to be noticed.

Despite the importance of historical textures, all kinds of financial, managerial, and physical problems have prevented the development of these textures. Considering the importance of this position, the main goal of this research is to identify the challenges of managing, and creating valuable historical urban contexts in the metropolis of the Tabriz. The nature of this research is applied and descriptive, and analytical. The statistical population of this research included households living in District 8 of the Tabriz Municipality and 20 urban experts. Using Cronbach's alpha methods and simple random methods at the household level, 367 people were selected as the sample size. The MicMac software was used to analyze the research findings and the statistical test of linear regression in a step-by-step method. The results of the research showed that the lack of urban infrastructure including green spaces, the location of historical contexts within the city and traffic problems, the challenges of crisis management within the historical context, and the high density of construction within these contexts and The difficulty of vehicle traffic with the values of 1362, 801, 769 and 865 are the key components (challenges) in the field of managing the development of the valuable fabric of the Tabriz city in the 8th urban area. Also, the findings of the research using a step-by-step linear regression test showed that the key components of the management of the valuable tissue include adopting an integrated approach to the management and development of the valuable urban tissue, coordinating the actions of other executive bodies through a comprehensive approach, the ability of managers' knowledge. A city related to local management and relying on local components of valuable historical context management. Finally, the most critical solution to solving the challenge of managing the development of historical structures is to pay attention to all the managerial, financial, social, and physical-infrastructural aspects simultaneously.

Liability is one of the main foundations of sustainable development that directly affects the physical, socio-economic and psychological dimensions of people's lives and includes the acquired characteristics of the environment that make it a desirable, suitable and attractive place to live and work. Slowly The present article seeks to address the viability of Ghaemshahr city with the aim of understanding the basic situation. To achieve this goal, using a descriptive-analytical method and a researcher-made questionnaire; 383 citizens of Ghaemshahr city were evaluated by probabilistic sampling method (simple random) and the collected data were statistically analyzed using one-sample t-test analysis, Friedman test, in SPSS software. . The results show that according to the comparison of three social, economic and environmental components of Ghaemshahr, the average rank value in the social dimension is equal to 1.48, the economic dimension is equal to 1.54 and the environmental dimension is equal to 98 .2 The value of Friedman test, which is calculated based on chi-square statistics, is 551/326 and the significance level is 0.000, which shows that there is a significant difference between these three components. In the social dimension, the surface water disposal quality index in the health services index, along with all the items in the infrastructure index, have a lower than normal average, which indicates the lack of viability in the existing indicators. Also, in the economic dimension, the employment and housing index is not in a good condition and appropriate solutions should be considered by managers and stakeholders in this regard. All dimensions of the environmental index have the minimum required average, which indicates the full viability of this dimension.

Improper allocation of resources and facilities to privileged areas and deprivation of other areas has led to inequalities in economic development.. The purpose of this study is to determine the Semnan urban ergion using the method of measuring flows (bottom to top).

From the city center of Semnan, a radius of 20 and 50 km was hit in the GIS environment. Semnan city was selected as the main city and the cities of Dargezin, Sorkheh, Shahmirzad and Mahdishahr were selected as the surrounding cities.To determine the urban region, the amount of population moved between the two cities and the amount of goods moved should be calculated and the final score of each city should be calculated by being in the relevant formulas.

According to the calculations, the final score index (iT) of Sorkheh and Dargezin cities were 11.72 and 18.83 with moderate correlation, Mahdishahr with 28.54 had high correlation and Shahmirzad with 38.5 had very high correlation with Semnan city. The boundaries of Semnan urban region can be determined including the two parts of the center (Semnan city) and its surrounding territory (Mahdishahr and Sorkheh cities).

The spatial equilibrium situation of Semnan urban system from single-center mode in recent decades with increasing number of peripheral cities and regional divergence of population, has tended to multi-center development with a balanced speed, but still far from creating full regional interaction The creation of Semnan urban area has accelerated this process.

The model of the creative city is based on the relationship between economy, culture, production of creative and innovative places, and taking advantage of the opportunities of the creative global economy can be based on knowledge in order to make the place competitive. The integration of cities into the network of creative cities creates an independent brand in order to increase their economic power. Therefore, the purpose of this study; Identify the Effective Factors in the Success of Urban Branding in Order to Achieve a Creative City (Case Study: Damghan City). The approach governing the research space is qualitative and the type of research is applied and according to the method of conducting it is of the survey type (interview). The statistical population of the present study includes (all senior managers of the municipality, faculty members of the Department of Geography, Art and Urban Planning, city councils and experts in the field of urban management in Damghan) who were selected using the Delphi method as a sample size of 17 people. Grounded theory method has been used to analyze the data. From the results of interviews with experts, to identify the factors affecting the success of urban branding in order to achieve a creative city in Damghan, 56 concepts and 18 semantic units and 7 categories (urban environment promotion, flourishing spaces, strengthening the international position of the city, continuous management And purposefully, vision development, urban attractiveness and security, branding position) were extracted.