سحر حسینی

Urticaria is an inflammatory skin disorder lasting for six weeks or longer. Nowadays, the role of vitamin D in inflammatory disease such as urticaria is a matter of great interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D and chronic urticaria.

In this cross-sectional study, 40 patients with chronic urticaria and 40 healthy individuals aged 18 to 60 years were studied during the years 2017-2018 in Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran. In all cases, vitamin D levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D less than 20 ng/ml were considered as deficiency and levels of 20-30 ng/ml were considered as insufficiency. Data were analyzed with appropriate statistical tests.

The mean serum vitamin D level was 21.6 ng/ml in the patients group and 30.8 ng/ml in the control group. In the patient group 42.5%, and in the control group 22.5%, had vitamin D level of less than 20 ng/ml, and in the patient group 42.5%, and in the control group 25%, had vitamin D level of between 20-30 ng/ml. Therefore, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in patients and in the control group was 85% and 47.5%, respectively.

This study shows that vitamin D deficiency is more common in people with chronic urticaria than in normal population. However, finding a cause-and-effect relationship between chronic urticaria and vitamin D requires more extensive studies.

The present study compared the effect of cooperative group feedback and cooperative group writing techniques in writing classes. Accordingly, 90 male and female intermediate English language learners sat for a sample piloted Preliminary English Test and 60 who scored one standard deviation above and below the mean were selected as the main participants. Both groups were taught the same course book. Moreover, they received the same hours of instruction and teaching aids in the same physical environment; therefore, the most significant point of departure in the two experimental groups in the present study was the form of writing practices presented in the classroom. One group underwent the cooperative group writing while the other the cooperative feedback procedure throughout the treatment period. The findings of this study based upon the results gained from an independent sample t-test run on the two groups’ posttest mean scores revealed that the participants’ L2 writing improved more significantly in the cooperative group writing class compared to the cooperative group feedback. The findings of this study may be contributory to EFL teachers and syllabus designers in the process of developing more efficient second language writing courses.

Asthma as a physical illness is affected by psychological problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of the behavioral brain system and defense mechanisms in asthmatic and normal individuals.

In this study, 50 patients with asthma referred to specialist clinics and physicians' offices were selected by convenience and non-random sampling method with 50 normal and non-normal subjects. Patients were compared. Participants through the Research Assessment Tool included the Defense Mechanism Scale (DSQ) (1993), Andrews et al., And the Gray-Wilson Personality Questionnaire to assess brain behavioral activity. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and LISREL8 / 54 software using multivariate analysis of variance and path analysis.

Patients are higher in the dimension of shaving than healthy individuals, the results of the table also show in other aspects of inverse reaction, return to displacement, denial with, fantasy with exaltation, conversion with, and rational justification. Significant differences were found between the two groups in both variables (P

Amylase is one of the important industrial enzymes, which is used in the food industry, detergent production, glucose, textile, and paper making. Bacillus spp. is considered as a major amylase producing microorganisms. The main objective of this study is isolation and phylogenic study of amylase producing thermophile Bacillus spp. from Ghainarjeh hot sprin in East Azarbaijan.

Samples from water of Ghainarjeh hot spring were cultured on recommended mediums. The grown colonies were tested for amylase production and positive colony determined a gram positive Bacillus using morphological and microscopically characteristics. Selected colony was used for total genomic DNA extraction, 16S rRNA fragment amplification and sequencing was done according to standard procedures. The sequence of 16S rRNA was used for phylogenetic investigation using maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony methods.

According to the results from morphological and biochemical investigations, the isolate is a gram positive, spore forming Bacillus with ability for use glucose, fructose and sucrose but not galactose and lactose. This isolate was positive for endol, citrate and VP but negative for catalase and oxidase.

The results of phylogenetic investigation from both method show that the amylase producing isolated Bacillus is a new member of Bacillus Subtilis spp. in this study a new member of Bacillus subtilis spp. with the ability in amylase production was successfully isolated.

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs), and potential EDCs are mostly man-made, found in various materials such as pesticides, metals, additives or contaminants in food, and personal care products. Phthalates are a group of these compounds that are carcinogenic to animals and can cause fetal death and congenital anomalies. The aim of this study was to investigate the photocatalytic process using GO/ZnO nanocomposites under LED irradiation for removal of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) from aqueous solutions.

In this study, GO/ZnO nanorods were characterized by, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis. A Central Composite Design was used to optimize the reaction parameters for the removal of DEP by GO/ZnO. The four main reaction parameters optimized in this study were the following: the LED radiation time, pH, and the initial concentration of phthalates and the concentration of ZnO and graphene-oxide. The interaction between the four parameters was studied and modeled using the Design Expert 10 software. Phthalate detected by HPLC apparatus equipped with a UV detector at 225 nm wavelength with methanol (90%) and Acetonitrile (10%) phases.

The results of FE-SEM and TEM showed that the ZnO is composed of a bar and separate face. Based on the peak obtained, the diameter and length of the nanorods are 20-60 and 200 nm respectively. A maximum reduction of 90% of DEP was achieved at pH 5 and 120 minutes. The results represent the prediction of a model fitted from the Quadratic model (p-value<00001).

The interaction of variables showed that the maximum effect was belonged to the pH and the time in the process reactions. Also, the results showed that the GO/ZnO low power LED irradiation can be used as an effective method for the removal of EDCs from environmental.

Annually، many reports of occurrence of food poisoning due to the consumption of sea-foods contaminated with Vibrio species have been published. The present study was carried out to study the prevalence rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and V. cholera and evaluation of presence of virulence genes of V. parahaemolyticus in sea-food products caught from Persian Gulf. In total، 200 samples of fish، lobster and crab caught from Persian Gulf collected in the summer of 2013 and were transferred to the food quality control laboratory of the Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord. Samples were cultured and the positive specimens were evaluated for presence of bacterial species and virulence genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction. In total، 34. 5% of samples were contaminated with Vibrio species. Frequency of V. cholera and V. parahaemolyticus were 5% and 21%، respectively. 8. 5 percent of samples were contaminated with other species of Vibrio. From a total of 42 positive samples of V. parahaemolyticus، frequency of tdh، tlh and trh virulence genes were 45. 93%، 40. 47% and 16. 46%، respectively. The sea-food products of Persian Gulf were infected with V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholera. Fish samples had the highest prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholera. It seems that، places of fishing and processing and the moods of transportation and distribution of fish، lobster and crab don’t have suitable hygiene in Iran.

Vibrio species are important seafood-borne pathogens that are responsible for 50-70% of gasteroenteritis. The present study was carried out in order to determine the prevalence of Vibrio species and the distribution of tdh, tlh and trh virulence genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from fresh and salted shrimp samples. Totally, 60 fresh and salted shrimp samples were collected from the Genaveh seaport. Microbial culture was used to isolate Vibrio species. In addition, the presences of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholera, Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio harveyi and the virulence genes of V. parahaemolyticus were studied using the PCR method. Results showed that 20% of fresh and 23.33% of salted shrimp samples were positive for Vibrio species. In studied samples, V. vulnificus had the highest prevalence rate (8.33%), while V. cholera had the lowest prevalence rate (1.66%). From a total of 4 detected V. parahaemolyticus, all of them had tlh gene (100%). The distribution of tdh and trh genes in isolated V. parahaemolyticus strains were 50% and 25%, respectively. High prevalence of Vibrio species and especially virulent V. parahaemolyticus in samples confirmed the lack of hygienic condition in the production and distribution centers of shrimp.

Given the importance of he-althy lifestyle related factors such as nutrition، physical activity، smoking، sleep-ing، leisure، individual health and repr-oducetive behavior، the aim of this study was to determine the lifestyle of married women، aged 15-45 years old، referring to health centers in west of Ahvaz city. In this descriptive-analytical study، statistical population incl-udeed 384 married women، aged 15- 49 ye-ars old، referring to health centers in the west of Ahvaz city. Sampling was conduc-ted by stratified method. The tool for colle-cting information was a researcher designed multi-section questionnaire، which was co-mpleted by aid of trained interviewers along with interviewing. Data were analyz-ed by SPSS software and chi- square test at sign-ificant level of P< 0. 05. The finding showed that the me-an age of subjects under study was 30. 6 ± 7 years. There was a significant association between lifestyle and other parameters such as ethnic (p< 0. 001)، marital status (p< 0. 004)، occupation (p< 0. 002) and income (p< 0. 001). The subjects had an average lifestyle in terms of sleep quality (29. 2%)، spend leisure time (49. 7%)، nutrition (54. 7%) and individual health status (48. 2%). in overall، 50. 3% of women had an average lifestyle. The most common method of contraception was condom (34. 8%). Discussion & Considering that most of the women in this study had an average lifestyle، this emphasizes the imp-ortance of health education to familiarize most women with appropriate lifestyle and right behavioral habits acting as a protective factor.

The aim of this research was to study the relation between body composition (body mass index، waist circumstance، waist hip ratio، body fat percentage) and spinal lordosis and kyphosis abnormalities in women. The study design was descriptive/correlational research. Subjects were recruited from Bachelor of science attendances passed theory test in Payam nour university. Out of 600 possible female individuals، 233 participants randomly selected to be enrolled in the study (Mean ± SD age، 27. 11 ± 6. 093 years) (Mean ± SD height، 161. 09 ± 8. 533 cm) (Mean ± SD weight، 58. 9 ± 9. 34 kg). Anthropometric measurements were carried out، firstly. Then، sub-cutaneous fat thickness on triceps، suprailiac، and quadriceps muscles measured by calipers for about three seconds and three times repetition to verify the measurement. Sub-cutaneous fat thickness percentage was calculated by Jackson/Pollack formula and spinal mouse was used to assess curvatures of the vertebral column. Data analyze was performed by SPSS، version 12. Correlation is significant at the 0. 05 level. Statically significant correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and lordosis abnormality (P < 0. 05، R = -0. 144). Our data also showed there was not any correlation between body fat percentage، waist circumstance (WC)، and waist to hip ratio index (WHR) with lordotic curvature (P > 0. 05، R = -0. 037). Results demonstrated that BMI، body fat percentage، WC and WHR did not have any correlation with kyphosis posture (P > 0. 05). The results of this study showed that WHR، WC and body fat percentage was not significantly correlated with lordosis and kyphosis abnormalities. Although، BMI had a considerable correlation with lordosis abnormality but it did not have any correlation with kyphotic curvature.

Brucellosis is one of the most common infectious diseases in some areas of Iran. It is a matter of problem in endemic areas, since it involves not only humans and animals but also causes socioeconomic problems. This study is designed to study the epidemiology of brucellosis in the rural and urban population of Azna, and applying the results to planning for controlling the disease in the area. The study is descriptive, cross–sectional, conducted all people identified having brucellosis - based on lab results. Totally 41 brucellosis patients referred to health centers of Azna county during 2007 – 2008 were studied according to epidemiological, demographic, laboratory and treatment protocols aspects. Fourty one subjects were found to be positive to brucellosis in laboratory tests. About 68.3% of patients were female and 31.7% male. Around 95.2 % of subjects were living in rural and 4.8 % in urban area. 46.3 % of patients had history of animal contact. The most common transmission was through dairy products (53.7%). The most contagious seasons were spring and summer. Disease was more common among farmers (29.3%)and housewives (24.4%). Due to the high contamination rate of this disease and its economical consequences on individuals and on society, steps can be taken to prevent its prevalence by good supervision on supplying and distribution of dairy products, animal vaccination, public instruction and alarming.

Job burnout results from the reaction to the chronic psychological stress and it mainly occurs in care services. It may lead to consequences such as job cost, reduced performance and fatigue. This study aimed to investigate the nursing administrators and chief executive officers job burnout in three areas of depersonalization, fatigue and emotional exhaustion and its relation to some demographic features in university hospitals of Isfahan. In This cross- sectional study 198 nursing administrator's (metron, supervisor and head nurse) and chief executive officers were enrolled in the first semester in 2010. Data collected using modified native Maslach & Jackson's job burnout questionnaire. Its Cronbach’s alpha was 86%. Data analyzed by SPSS16 software using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Kruskal- Wallis, regression, and chi-square tests. 166 of the participants filled out the questionnaire. The participants were ranked from the highest rate of job burnout to the lowest in the following order: head nurses, supervisors, administrators who were a supervisor and a head nurse, metrons and chief executive officers. There was significant relationship between mean of job burnout and organizational status, sex and age in that head nurses had the highest mean and metrons had the lowest. However, there was no significant relationship between job burnout and marital status, educational level, the time and number of shifts, employment status and years of work in the current, position. There was significant relationship between emotional exhaustion and organizational status, so that head nurses had the highest and metrons had the lowest mean. There was no significant relationship between depersonalization and organizational status. Regarding the different levels of job burnout, it is necessary to adopt new policies for prevention of this phenomenon. The recognition of the problem, understanding the need to support, taking part in problem- solving activities considered as the most important factors in preventing the administrator's job burnout.