سعید مدنی

This study explores the potential use of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to enhance three types of nano-based solar cells. Perovskites of methylammonium-free formamidinium (FA) and mixed cation-based cells exhibit a boosted efficiency when employing ML techniques. Moreover, ML methods are utilized to identify optimal donor complexes, high blind temperature materials, and to advance the thermodynamic stability of perovskites. Another significant application of ML in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is the detection of novel dyes, solvents, and molecules for improving the efficiency and performance of solar cells. Some of these materials have increased cell efficiency, short-circuit current, and light absorption by more than 20%. ML algorithms to fine-tune network and plasmonic field bandwidths improve the efficiency and light absorption of surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) solar cells. This study outlines the potential of ML techniques to optimize and improve the development of nano-based solar cells, leading to promising results for the field of solar energy generation and supporting the demand for sustainable and dependable energy.

Investor sentiment about the capital market can play an important role in stock price trends, market transactions, and especially on the stock return synchronicity. The entry of many Individual investors who do not have enough information about investment, the study of this issue has made more important. To this end, in this research we investigate the relationship between investor sentiment and stock return synchronicity in Tehran Stock Exchange, by using the financial data of 167 firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange from 15 various industries during ten years from March 2010 to March 2020. We use the Baker-Wurgler (2006) sentiment index as our primary measure of investor sentiment that Measured by principal component analysis. Also, three different methods have been used to measure the stock return synchronicity: the Mork model, the Carhart four-factor model and the Fama and French five-factor model. The results show that the Investors sentiment significantly affect on increasing stock return synchronicity. The findings also showed that the coefficients of positive and negative sentiment are not significantly different and as a result, positive and negative sentiment are symmetrically affecting the increase in stock return synchronicity.

The accuracy of the diagnosis of acute appendicitis has been agreed at 85%. Based on this and considering that appendectomy is one of the most common surgeries in Shahid Beheshti Educational and Medical Center in Qom, we decided to compare the accuracy of acute appendicitis diagnosis with the agreed standard in patients undergoing appendectomy in this center.

This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. It was performed in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Qom in 2015-2016. Sampling was done by simple random method. Information including sex and age as well as patient pathology diagnosis and complications such as gangrene and appendix perforation were entered into the checklist and analyzed by SPSS software.

In the present study, 250 people were studied, 167 (66.8%) were male and 83 (33.2%) were female. The mean age of patients with acute appendicitis was 23 years and those with other diagnoses had a mean age of 21 years. Also, 167 (66.8%) of them were male and only 83 (33.2%) were female. In this study, out of 250 patients who underwent appendectomy with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis, 194 (77.6%) had a diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pathology and 56 (22.4%) had another diagnosis. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis was 45.5% in women and 44.6% in men, which did not differ much.

Considering these findings and the lower accuracy of appendicitis diagnosis than the agreed standard, it can be concluded that a number of appendectomy procedures, especially appendectomy in women, were unnecessary. It is necessary to examine more carefully before the operation. Received

During the struggle against the Qajar tyranny, struggling leaders went to the Shah Abdul Azim Shrine to hold a sit-in against the Shah Mosque Case and foot whipping of Tehran sugar merchants. The demonstrators in Paragraph 4 of their demands, as mentioned by Nazem al-Islam Kermani, the initial demands of refugees, called for the establishment of a justice system. According to this report, and many other evidences, justice, always has been a lasting and permanent matter for the Iranian society. Recent surveys show that justice should still be considered as one of the main demands of the Iranian society. The debate about justice and social movements is constantly changing, and thinkers in this area are constantly revising their ideas. The aim of this study is to elaborate these changes and to discuss the place of justice in new social movements that refers to a range of collective actions with purpose of changing in one or all of the institutions. The emergence of new social movements brought about new ways of expressing demands and protests, and a wide range of collective behavior forms, which, in terms of goals, nature and method of struggle, had a fundamental difference with earlier movements. In fact, with the advent of modernity, the calculations of traditional society were collapsed and, with the advent of postmodernity, new demands were created largely due to development of higher education and autonomy of individuals. Accordingly, new social movements emerged in a broader context of discourses, subcultures, ideological straggle, and identity diversity, and were spread in the form of new discourses.

Cancer is one of the most important causes of mortality in the world after cardiovascular disease.Currently, one of the most common cancers in the gastrointestinal tract in Iran and the whole world is colorectal cancer, which is ranked third in Iranian men and ranked fourth in Iranian women.
Colorectal cancer manifestations include lower gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, changes in bowel habit, symptoms of iron deficiency anemia, obstruction, and intestinal perforation, and in rare cases upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a rare manifestation of colonic cancer but it may exist. A few case reports have been published in this regard. Our case is a transverse colon invasive adenocarcinoma with extension to the second part of the duodenum, which was referred to with the complaint of hematemesis.

In recent years, given the accelerated social changes, the prevalence of high-risk behaviors among different social strata has become a major concern for the society. Accordingly, this study was conducted to present proposed interventions for reduction of high-risk behavior of vulnerable women in Iran, based on rapid assessment and response model. This was a qualitative study using rapid assessment and response to identify needs of vulnerable women with such behaviors conducted over 8 months in 2 selected cities in Iran. In the assessment stage, study population consisted of vulnerable women, working professionally and illegally in the sex trade, selling their bodies in the city for money or commodity, during the period of this study and at least three months earlier, and key informants with experience, skill, and sufficient knowledge and history of management in issues of high-risk behaviors among SEX-workers. Semi-structured interview techniques, and question guide and open observations were used to explain high-risk behaviors. According to the results obtained, 3 categories were identified, including high-risk behavior patterns and influencing factors, awareness and attitude, and diagnoses and medical services needs. Based on the 3 categories found, interventional strategies were designed separately for each one. Among benefits of rapid assessment and response methods, is design of interventions with participation of stakeholders and vulnerable groups, which increases the likelihood of interventions becoming operational.

From all identified HIV positive cases, men's share is far more than women; hence sexual health of men is of special importance in controlling and reducing HIV prevalence. On the other hand, the prominent pattern of virus transmission is changing gradually from transmission due to contaminated injection to transmission through sexual relations in Iran. Recognizing and identifying sexually transmitted pathway among sex workers as well as their clients could contribute in effective intervention, better controlling and reducing HIV prevalence. This study aims to identify some of sex worker client’s characteristics through a cross sectional survey in Tehran capital city of Iran. Through a "cross sectional" study we asked the informants (sex workers) about characteristics of their clients. Data were collected using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The sample for this study was chosen from sex workers in 22 districts of Tehran. Totally 300 informants were interviewed. The first sampling unites were streets, squares, parks, shopping centers and malls, where these women find their clients. This study indicated that, 90 percent of women sex workers have a good understanding and recognize their client’s characteristic. More than half (58.8%) of the informants believe that their clients are adults 30 to 50 years old and 51.6% of them reported that majority of their clients are married. Working hour priority among sex workers also confirms this finding. Among informants 47.7% expressed that their clients are university graduates comparing with 42.8% not finishing high school, and 97.9% of them believe that their clients are employed. Regarding income, 54.7% of the informants reported that their clients are well off and 45.3 % expressed that their clients belong to middle income class. Both qualitative and quantitative data indicate that informants believe their clients live in different districts of Tehran which shows clients vast distribution.Majority of respondents believe that, clients dissatisfaction with family relations or disturbances in relationship with their wives were the main causes behind their demand for extra marital affair. They also rose following causes for such demand: sexual promiscuity, sexual deviance, sexual desire during times separated from their wives’ (i.e. during wife’s pregnancy, during traveling…) and satisfying sense of authority, power and respect. In this study women sex workers knowledge regarding their customers’ characteristics was higher in comparison to their peers in other countries. Findings of this study regarding sex workers clients’ age and marital status was compatible with similar studies in other countries. An interesting finding in this study was clients’ income class. Although in previous studies street based sex workers stated that their clients are mainly from middle income class and upper class customers tend to have sexual relation with non-street sex workers. In this study most of the sex workers believe that their clients are employed and belong to upper economic class. This difference could be due to dominance of individual sex working and prohibition and restriction of organized sex working in Iran.