سمیرا سعیدی زارنجی

The type of research based on the purpose is applied and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method.The method of collecting information is a library that has been examined in the form of aquestionnaire tool (made by a researcher)The research variables that have been effective on the occurrence of neurodegenerative and mental diseases include (environment, quality of urban furniture and access to medical services). For the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used and the obtained alpha value is (778/.)The statistical population of the research is the number of people suffering from brain, nervous and mental diseases in the city of Ardabil between 1399 and 1401The findings indicate that based on the opinions of the statistical community (neurological and psychiatric patients), the quality of environmental factors with an average of 2.79, its management is at a medium to low level. From the point of view of neuropsychiatric patients, the quality of urban furniture in Ardabil city with an average of (2.33) is not desirable and does not have the necessary beauty, security and efficiency when in use, and it causes stress in them, as well as access to medical services. And urban transportation with the average obtained (2.8) in Ardabil city is average and downward. Based on the findings of the research and the opinions ofneuropsychiatric patients in the urban environment and the three indicators used in the research, it has an effect on mental disorders and the occurrence of stress and anxiety in them. According to the high statistics of stress and anxiety in Ardabil city, if this issue If it is not taken into consideration by city managers and planners, it will cause an increase in the number of mental disorders and the occurrence of brain and nerve diseases among the citizens of Ardabil city.

Due to its pervasive level and long-term effects in cities, construction violations are among the challenges of modern urbanization; which, in line with the increase in the effective demand in the construction industry, has faced the cities with huge challenges. The aim of the present research is the spatial analysis of construction violations based on the Article 100 Municipal Commission in Bostan Abad city. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Construction violations recorded in the Article 100 Commission of Bostan Abad Municipality during a 5-year period (1396-1400) were analyzed temporally and spatially using spatial analysis techniques in the ArcGIS software environment. Then, using the average nearest neighbor distance (ANN) model, the pattern of spatial distribution of construction violations in the city of Bostan Abad during the 5-year period of study was determined. Also, Hot Spot Analysis technique has been used to analyze high or low amounts of construction violations in Bostan Abad city. According to the findings of the research, according to the frequency of construction violations registered in the Article 100 Commission of Bostan Abad Municipality during a period of 5 years (2017-2021), Farhangian, Valiasr, Molavi and Gurbanabad neighborhoods with 227, 190, 114 and 93 respectively. The case of construction violations registered in the Article 100 Commission of Bostan Abad Municipality; they have allocated a major part of the construction violations. The neighborhoods of Qarakore and Eskikendi have the lowest frequency of construction violations with 37 and 49 cases of construction violations recorded during the 5-year period studied. The pattern of spatial distribution of registered building violations is cluster type and the spatial density of building violations per hectare is higher than other localities in Malawi, Qara Kore and Tarbiat according to the area of the localities. It should be noted that most of the registered construction violations are related to construction violations without a construction permit and excess construction permits, which have been registered in the form of residential and commercial uses. As a result, this study provides evidence for the improvement of policies by the city administration and the control of constructions outside of the rules and regulations in the city of Bostan Abad by the municipal officials.

Metropolises are emerging phenomena that affect a wide range of surrounding space. This effect over time leads to the expansion of the metropolitan area. The current research has been compiled with a general descriptive-analytical approach and using available documentary data and statistical data. Excel and Spss statistical software and ArcGis spatial processing and description software were used in database preparation and data analysis, and ANN nearest neighbor index was used to determine the activity distribution pattern, and Moran's Spatial Autocorrelation Model was used to check the distribution rate. Is. Based on the results of the research and investigations of the Qazvin metropolitan area in terms of activity, it can be said that the Qazvin metropolitan area has a dominant linear structure with a trend and development towards the formation of a radial-annular structure in its southern half. Also, the spatial structure of the metropolitan area of Qazvin has been made in connection with the expansion of relations and economic connections with cities and rural areas, especially in the southern part of the area.

Obviously, timely and reliable services by these centers will require their proper space arrangement and optimal routing of relief and emergency services between the location of the emergency base to the accident site and the accident site to the hospital location. In the present research, selecting the city As a case study, Sanandaj has tried to provide a suitable model for the spatial organization of emergency aid centers in the city, while exploiting network analysis capabilities in the ArcGIS environment. In this regard, the first step is to prepare and process data and layers of information used in the network analysis process such as the length of the path, the speed of the path, one-way and bi-directional paths, non-intersecting intersections, and the location of the databases Emergency at the city level, in the ArcGIS environment, and after the creation of the corresponding Dataset, they were loaded in the framework of the network analysis model as an applicable model and displayed in the ArcGIS environment. According to the results of the research, factors such as the presence of traffic areas, the lack of relief centers, as well as the lack of location of the existing relief centers, make the operation of emergency centers in the service. In the field of activity, it is accompanied by weaknesses. In the implementation of the research, while presenting a representative pattern of suitable routes and determining the preferred bases for dispatching relief units to the accident site in the shortest possible time period, the areas outside the optimal performance radius of emergency sites are identified and given the optimal situations For the establishment of emergency units, in order to cover the relief services, they were identified at specified time limits.

As urban populations increase and cities tackle with environmental crises and instabilities, achieving sustainable urban development hinges on understanding and promoting a sustainable physical city layout. The concept of the compact city has drawn significant attention and support. However, in our country, traditional patterns embedded in comprehensive urban plans, along with influences from current urban management, have led to the horizontal expansion of cities, resulting in a scattered urban pattern. Addressing the numerous challenges cities face may necessitate transitioning towards denser urban environments. The “positioning” process plays a crucial role for companies, enabling them to select a strategic market position and enhance their brand’s success.

The current study adopts an applied approach in terms of its purpose and utilizes a descriptive-analytical method. Regarding the study’s nature, data was collected by means of survey method using a questionnaire. To ensure the questionnaire’s validity, it underwent scrutiny by professors and experts, due to the absence of prior research in this area. Additionally, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was employed to assess questionnaire reliability, yielding a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.723 for high-rise apartments and 0.782 for houses, indicating high reliability of the questionnaire. The study’s statistical population comprises residents of high-rise towers in Ardabil (District 2) who have previously resided in houses or apartments, as well as house residents who have previously lived in high-rise towers. Snowball sampling was employed to determine the sample size. The research questionnaires consist of two parts: the first part pertains to personal characteristics such as age, marital status, gender, income, occupation, and education, while the second part focuses on research variables, including brand image and loyalty, cultural and social factors, security, economic aspects, infrastructure facilities, open spaces, spatial identity, physical characteristics, lighting and ventilation, management and maintenance, landscape, and transportation access for high-rise buildings and houses. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, employing one-sample t-statistical methods and a Pearson correlation coefficient. Perceptual mapping was employed to depict the brand positioning of high-rise complexes and low-rise apartments from residents’ perspectives, aiming to address the research question.

According to the findings, houses and low-rise apartments are positioned favorably in terms of image and housing brand compared to high-rise towers, as indicated by perceptual maps. However, satisfaction with high-rise towers is ideal in comparison to houses and low-rise apartments on perceptual maps. The one-sample t-test results indicate that the significance level for most variables is below 0.05, leading to the confirmation of the alternative hypothesis (H1) at a confidence level of 95%. This confirms a significant relationship between the average rank of residents’ perspectives and housing pattern dimensions. Consequently, an obvious difference exists between residents’ perceptions of brand positioning for houses and low-rise apartments against high-rise residential towers, with the former showing better image and brand loyalty. Additionally, Pearson correlation tests reveal a positive and significant correlation between image and brand loyalty variables, as well as housing satisfaction with individual characteristics such as marital status, income, occupation, age, and education. However, no significant negative correlation was found between image and loyalty with regards to gender. The results indicate a significant relationship between image variables, brand loyalty, and satisfaction with individual characteristics at a 95% confidence level, with significance levels of 000, 0.001, 000, 0.001, 0.003, and 0.001 for gender, marriage, income, job, age and education respectively, and with respective correlation coefficients of 0.46, 0.605, 0.337 0.250, 0.652 0.561.

Peripheral and horizontal urban development not only leads to the reduction of agricultural lands surrounding cities but also gives rise to various other significant issues. These include rising costs associated with urban infrastructure creation and maintenance, intensifying congestion and traffic, and increasing the length and frequency of commutes. In response to the negative effects of urban over-expansion, which have economic, social, and environmental consequences, new approaches to urban development planning have emerged since the 1990s. These methods, inspired by the principles of sustainable urban development introduced in the 1970s, advocate for mixed land use development, prioritization of public transportation-centered development, and intra-city sustainable development initiatives, saving widespread support. Recent census data from 1976 to 2006 indicates that Ardabil city has experienced horizontal expansion over the years, resulting in the loss of agricultural lands and inadequate services in suburban areas. This underscores issues of spatial injustice and suboptimal land use distribution in certain areas. The research suggests that by promoting the branding of high-rise residential towers and apartments, cities can curb horizontal expansion and promote vertical development. Interestingly, residents perceive houses more favorably than high-rise residential towers. Utilizing effective advertising campaigns can potentially alter citizens’ perceptions of tall buildings, facilitating urban development while minimizing the need for further horizontal expansion.

Health is introduced as a lifestyle and an approach to daily life for a person to achieve physical and mental well-being, and it is a balance that a person establishes between himself and the living environment and works in it. This view shows that there is a clear relationship between the work environment, residence and recreation and health, in addition to the ways that a person chooses for his life. Among the factors affecting the mental health of citizens, what is in the urban environment and related to urban planning and design, is included in the category of environmental stressors. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. The information required in this research will be collected through documentary and library, field (interview) and questionnaire (researcher-made) methods. Variables affecting urban stress that are studied include (economic, social, physical, environmental, housing quality). The statistical population of the research is all the citizens in Ardabil city. According to the findings of the research, all the factors based on the opinions of the citizens have been effective in creating and increasing stress in the urban environment of Ardabil and according to the index in order (social factors, environmental pollution, housing, physical-environmental factors and in Finally, economic factors) with an average of (4.02, 3.81, 3.74, 3.63) had the greatest impact on the stress of citizens, which indicates the level of stress of the citizens of Ardabil city and ultimately leads to mental illnesses, depression and anxiety. In this regard, city managers can reduce the level of depression of citizens in Ardabil by creating a lively and healthy environment

Today, in most countries, small and medium industries are acting in the various aspects of economic and social interests, industrial production and services provision. Although more than 90 percent of our production units are belong to small and medium industries , Due to the lack of Strategic Development based on existing industrial infrastructures and abandoning small production units in their status, the firm failed to make a significant contribution to GDP and creating value added . In this respect, building and equipping industrial parks can provide more appropriate conditions for locating small and medium industries, and centralized management of these industries. In this article, attractions in Ardabil - Phase 2 Industrial park for the location of Industrial Town has been analyzed. This research is applied research in terms of Target and Descriptive research in terms of nature that study attractions of the industrial park's attractions by 20 criteria. In order to achieve total fitness of Ardabil - Phase 2 Industrial park for location of Industrial Town in terms of investigated criteria using TOPSIS method. In consequence of using above techniques, industrial park score was 0/49 in relation to the total number of investigated criteria. It shows that industrial park has some considerable for locating Industrial Town .

Population growth has made a huge difference in the various aspects of human life and their function, including the spatial status of individuals. In this growth. This growth usually includes having good and proper housing is one of the most important priorities of every society. There are many differences between neighborhoods and urban areas in terms of having a good and affordable housing, and these differences have led citizens to consider different indicators for their choice of residence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate domiciliation indices in Ardabil city. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and causal in nature based on structural equation modeling. Data were collected through a questionnaire with 4 indices (socio-cultural, economic, environmental and physical) and 33 items based on the responses of residents of Aftab, Mahtab, Banafsheh and Milad residential towers in District 2 of Ardabil city with a sample size of 400 . The collected data were analyzed by SPSS, Smart-PLS software. The results of path coefficient analysis and t-test showed that the variables (suitability of neighborhood conditions, heeding of urban principles and widespreading of alleyways and streets, suitability of neighborhood conditions for traffick of women, having parking, freshity and inanity of neighborhood, people's culture level had dedicated the most date for itself. The results showed that 4 research indicators have a positive and significant impact on domiciliation selection of Ardebil residents. With identifying and evaluating domiciliation indicators in the view of citizens, city managers can improve and perferment the housing conditions of citizens.

Art has always had a rational and improving function in human societies as one of the important pillars of education and training. A skilled artist can control many social anomalies and lead the society to a desirable and bright life. The perception of beauty is one of the human needs that the citizens in the city seek (Moeinifar, 2012:21). Today, cities have become places for doing repetitive activities and the machine life of citizens. In this regard, it is necessary to strengthen the points that have value in terms of urban facilities in the urban design for the benefit of the people, and also the factors and forces required for the entry and stopping of people in the space. Therefore, public art can be used to beautify and improve the visual quality of the city of Ardabil, eliminate architectural problems, beautify, optimize the urban environment and improve the quality of life of the city and its citizens, especially urban women.

Theoretical Framework:

To define public art, two words "art" and "public" should be discussed. The term public art has a very broad meaning and includes everything from urban sculptures to subway graffiti, but is often used as a collective term to cover any art that is not shown in official galleries or museums. Meanwhile, proper planning and special attention to women can be an important factor in urban development; Therefore, the active participation of women in the preparation and implementation of urban plans, laying the groundwork for the greater presence of women in urban spaces, improving the security of public spaces, paying attention to the protection of places where women are more present, the ability to increase visibility, openness and ease of access, increasing the strength of the transportation system at night is one of the things that can play a favorable role in creating suitable urban spaces for women. Joy and happiness are one of the most important human needs that prepare them to face the complexities and problems of today's world. Although many people believe that this art is internal and the person himself should create happiness in his life, but since the city space establishes the most connection with people and the living environment,

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. According to the nature of the study, the method of data collection is a survey and a library using a questionnaire with the women of Ardabil city. Cronbach's alpha was used to confirm the validity of the questionnaire, considering that little research has been done in this field, according to professors and specialists, and to check the reliability of the questionnaire. The total alpha coefficient was equal to (.906), which shows the high reliability of the questionnaire. The statistical population in the current research is women (experts and non-experts in art and architecture) in Ardabil who are between 20-35 years old (57,913). To estimate the sample size, Cochran's formula was used, and the number of 381 samples was estimated, of which 185 healthy questionnaires were distributed and completed among the statistical population by a simple random method. In this research, the questionnaire measures the research variables, which consists of 41 questions, divided into two sections, public arts and interactive arts, and one image from each type of art, similar to what was shown in the introduction section of public arts, was selected and An online questionnaire format, in which the participants were asked to express the level of joy they felt after watching that artwork in urban spaces according to the 5-point Likert scale, was designed and sent to the target community through virtual space applications. It should be noted that the questions were evaluated through a 5-option Likert scale. In order to analyze the data in the descriptive statistics section, Excel, Spss software and for inferential statistics in which the relationships between variables are examined based on the purpose of the research, the statistical test with inclusion (one-sample T) was used.

To investigate the impact of public art on the perceived vitality of women in Ardabil city and to answer the research question of which type of public art has a greater impact on improving the perceived vitality of women in urban spaces, a one-sample t-test was used.The results of the single-sample t-test showed that abstract art had the highest average score (4.71), followed by the vitality created by this item (4.60), and the desire to create abstract art in the urban space from the point of view of women (4.63). This means that abstract art was the most popular type of public art among the women surveyed.In the next ranks, art embedded in space and applied art had an average score of (4.25), followed by art appropriate to the site and natural environment with an average score of (4.18), artistry (sculptures of celebrities) with an average score of (4.16), and finally the musical fountain with an average score of (4.03).These results suggest that women in Ardabil city perceive abstract art as the most vitalizing type of public art. This may be because abstract art is open to interpretation and can be seen in many different ways, which allows women to connect with it on a personal level. Additionally, abstract art can be seen as a form of escapism, which can be appealing to women who are looking for a way to relax and de-stress.

The city of Ardabil has a lot of potential to create public art that is both visually appealing and revitalizing for women. However, the current state of public art in the city is lacking. There are only a small number of famous statues and some examples of murals and lighting. This is a missed opportunity to create a more vibrant and inviting urban environment for women. The managers and planners of the municipality and related bodies should pay more attention to the vitality and vitality of not only the women of the city of Ardabil, but also all sections of the society. They should commission more public art that is designed to appeal to women and other marginalized groups. This would help to create a more inclusive and equitable urban environment for everyone.In addition to commissioning more public art, the municipality should also take steps to improve the security of public spaces. This would make women feel more comfortable and safe in the city, which would encourage them to spend more time outdoors and enjoy the public art. By taking these steps, the municipality can create a more vibrant and inviting urban environment for women and all residents of Ardabil city.

Creating quality living spaces is a prerequisite for any living complex. Developments that are carried out for the formation of settlements can be successful and achieve their ultimate goal, which is to achieve a high quality of life, when a correct plan is prepared for them from the beginning and the development is carried out based on it and goes in line with it. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the quality of urban space and the pattern of land separation in Ardabil city (Niyar neighborhood with a mixed (chess-organic) pattern). The current research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical nature and based on structural equation modeling. Data collection was done through a questionnaire with 6 indicators (access, spatial and physical, transportation, mental comfort, security, enjoyment of the neighborhood) and 35 items based on the responses of the residents of Nayar neighborhood in Ardabil city and with a sample size of 120 people. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS, Smart-PLS software. The results of path coefficient analysis and one-sample t-test showed that the variables (security at night, outdoor safety, access to services, speed of cars in the neighborhood, space for car parking, inspiring space in the neighborhood, common open space between the house and neighbors) Children's play direction, mental comfort, the amount of public open space, parking of strangers' cars in front of the house, plant diversity in the park, and the integrity and continuity of the facade of the buildings in the neighborhood) have the highest amount of statistics, respectively (1.97, 2/18, 2/58, 2/07, 4/85, 13/64, 2/35, 2/27, 11/25, 2/12, 5/18, 2/28, 2/32) and the rest The variables have less effect, which shows the dissatisfaction of the people of this neighborhood with the quality of the urban space. Also, based on the results of the Pearson test, there is a positive and significant correlation between the variable of land segregation patterns and the quality of urban space. The obtained significance level is (0.024) and this relationship is unidirectional and strong according to the correlation (.466). Therefore, by identifying and evaluating the indicators of the quality of urban space according to the segregation pattern from the point of view of citizens, city managers can promote and improve the conditions and environmental quality of residents.

Urban elements (memorials) play an important role in the process of forming, changing and reproducing urban identity. In today's conditions, where the identity of cities is undergoing changes with great speed, the position of urban elements as elements of the city's identity doubles. In the past, the Iranian city had a special personality and identity, while in the current situation, it is moving towards the diminution of its identity. Inadequate attention of the creators of urban spaces and elements to the concept of beauty, along with the prevalence of mercantile spirit in many urban activities, including constructions, causes this problem to emerge and intensify. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of public art in enhancing the identity of urban spaces from the perspective of women in Ardabil city. This research is applied in terms of nature and in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The data needed in this study were collected through field and library methods. The statistical population of the research is women (experts and non-experts in art, architecture) in Ardabil city. which is done by simple random sampling method. Spss software and statistical test (one-sample t) were used for data analysis. The research results show. Among the average questions, the questions related to famous statues have the highest score with (4.16) percent and cultural-local statues with an average of (3.96), as well as the variables (promoting creativity and helping to strengthen the local economy). with an average of 4.27, they have the highest frequency. From the point of view of women, the creation of public arts in Ardabil city will give identity and increase the creativity of citizens and the prosperity of the local economy by attracting tourism to the city. Therefore, urban managers can increase the quality of urban spaces and the quality and vitality of citizens, especially the women of the city, who are half of the society, by planning and designing urban elements based on history and culture, as well as based on visual beauty in the city.

Parallel and appropriate spatial distribution of educational facilities and services is very important in urban planning. Because only if there is a balance in the distribution of services and uses, it will be possible for different strata to benefit from them. The purpose of this research is to analyze the spatial distribution of schools in the neighborhoods of Region 2 of Ardabil Municipality. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on data and information extracted from Iran Statistics Center and Ardabil Municipality. In the analysis of the spatial distribution pattern of the techniques, central mean and standard deviation curve, nearest neighbor index, hot spots analysis, global Moran index and kernel density analysis to analyze how the spatial distribution pattern of educational use (schools), Thiessen polygons for the usefulness of the functional radius These services were used in the geographic information system. The findings of the research show that the distribution pattern of schools in the 2nd district of Ardabil city is distributed in clusters. The evaluation of the impact of the spatial distribution pattern of these services on the amount of functional radius indicates the undesiredness of the peripheral neighborhoods in the 2nd district of Ardabil city from the educational use (schools). which shows the inappropriate distribution of schools and their accumulation in the center of the region and the lack of attention to the needs of citizens in terms of the distribution of schools. In total, the results of the research indicate social inequalities and the lack of spatial justice in the distribution of educational services (schools at different levels) at the level of neighborhoods in the 2nd district of Ardabil city

The urban and social life in the cities has taken people away from the path of life and has been placed at their disposal despite the existence of nature. One of the best ways of cultural exchange is tourism. Undoubtedly, the tourism industry became one of the solid foundations of the global system. The topic discussed in this research is the design of entertainment and tourism spaces in Darad with the aim of general happiness and joy. Travel and recreation have a significant impact on people's enthusiasm and vitality. The design of tourism spaces as a recreational and collective place can play a significant role in happiness and vitality. Considering the happiness of recreational and tourism spaces in the city of Tabriz and the fading of joy and happiness among the people and the weakening of the spirit of the people in the city, the city needs to create spaces that use the components to build a collective and recreational space. In order to achieve such aspects, the main goal of designing the entertainment and tourism complex is to identify the effective factors in public happiness and to identify the location components to create a happy atmosphere. The main purpose of this article is to achieve implementation methods for recreational and tourism accommodation with the aim of creating public happiness and ensuring the use of the tourism industry in the development of the local community. According to the results of the research, the spatial components (physical) and the components of happiness and vitality (non-physical) have a direct relationship with each other and each of the spatial components has an effect on happiness and vitality. According to the findings of the research, the design of the recreational and tourism space in Amand with the aim of public happiness and joy in the first place, should reflect the need to use the space, taking into account age, gender and various other factors.

Creating high-quality living spaces is a prerequisite for any living complex. This research aims to investigate the relationship between the quality of urban space and land segregation patterns in Ardabil City. The current research type is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and is based on structural equation modeling. The data were collected through a questionnaire based on 6 indicators (access, spatial and physical, transportation, mental comfort, security, enjoyment of the neighborhood) and 35 items. The responses were collected from the residents of Malabashi neighborhood and Sablan settlement phase 2 in Ardabil City and with a sample size of 240 people. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart-PLS software. According to the results, the quality of the urban space of Malabashi neighborhood was in a very unfavorable condition from the residents' point of view, and the level of satisfaction of the citizens with the accessibility, transportation, physical-spatial condition of the city was very low. Also, based on the findings of the research in the neighborhoods of Sablan Phase 2 as a checkered pattern, since the pattern of the expansion of this settlement was premeditated in terms of physical-spatial, access, transportation and all the facilities that are necessary for living in a settlement, the state of this neighborhood was considered satisfactory by the respondents. Also, based on the results of the Pearson test, there is a positive and significant correlation between the variable of land segregation patterns and the quality of urban space. As a result, because the checkered pattern is prepared and planned in advanced, it can be one of the suggested patterns for urban expansion. In this regard, based on the results of the research, by combining the relationship between patterns of land separation and the quality of urban space, as well as with the spatial justice of the city and the correct separation of land in Ardabil City, it is possible to improve the vitality and quality of the city's neighborhoods.

Local Economic Development is a result of the collaboration between the government and private sector at a local scale to achieve economic development and generate job creation platforms. Local Economic Development strategy is an approach adopted to improve the economic indicators within various countries over the past few decades. Reduction of unemployment, identification of local potentials, income growth and, as a result, reduction of poverty are major outcomes of adopting this approach. In this research, the researchers have endeavored to consider not only the main economic development indicators at a local and urban level but also the main contexts of local economic development. The research has been written according to the existing documental and statistical data. The objective of the research is practical and method used is descriptive-analytical. Software programs like SPSS and Excel have been used to analyze the data and create the database and ArcGIS program has been used to describe and process the geographic information. Based on the results of this research, the development of Bostan Abad city is connected to the extension of relationships and economic ties with the adjacent cities and villages and economic development of local markets. Thus, the economic issues of Bostan Abad city have been discussed and analyzed in addition to the analysis of the city’s macro developments. The results of the research show that Bostan Abad city has high economic potentials and capabilities in agricultural and industrial sectors. The results also show that adding to the infrastructural and environmental limitations in the local development of Bostan Abad city, there are also economical and physical limitations. According to the analysis of the research results, the strategies for the economic development of Bostan Abad city must be based on the investment priority in small-scale industrial production units in agricultural, industrial and mining sectors.

Urban housing pattern is generally categorized into two models: villa (single-family) houses and apartment buildings. Although the subject matter of each of these two patterns is different in the literature, the conventional or short-rise and high-rise buildings or towers comprise the main groups of the apartment buildings. Over the past years, hundreds of residential units have been built in the form of villa and apartment units in the studied area (Area 2 of Ardabil city), and their number is increasing every year. Therefore, the overall purpose of this study is to comparatively evaluate the satisfaction of residents of villas and towers. Among the various ways to determine satisfaction, the judgment of the people living in these types of housing is more valuable than the opinion of experts, consulting engineers, and decision-makers. With such an understanding, the issue is inherently important, and the scientific answer can reduce the ambiguities in the policy-making of planners and those involved in urban affairs.

The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of practical purpose and terms of nature and method. Data collection is documented in two ways to provide a theoretical and field framework for a survey using a questionnaire. In this study, residents of residential towers and villa houses in District 2 Ardabil are considered the statistical population. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, and statistical methods such as independent t-test, variance analysis, and single t-test were used in this study.

According to the findings of the single sample t-test evaluating the satisfaction level of residents from the housing pattern, the average value of the total components is 3.18, which indicates that the residents’ satisfaction is above average level. The satisfaction level for villa houses is 2.90, which is close to the average level of satisfaction for residents. Another purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of personal and individual characteristics on residential environmental satisfaction in Ardabil. In this regard, the results of a one-way variance analysis test show that gender and marital variables do not show significant differences in the results of residential towers and villa houses. Independent t-test results show that the variables of education, job, and income affect residents’ satisfaction in towers, but the results differ in villa houses.

In general, by comparing villa houses and high-rise apartments in District 2 Ardabil, it can be acknowledged that the city’s high-rise apartment buildings, in the vast majority of criteria, are more acceptable than villas. Villas were the dominant model in the past due to their independence and historical and cultural identity, local and indigenous architectural patterns, the existence of complementary and diverse spaces, and service activities. Today residential towers are considered the most important and lively residential spaces in the city due to having security and comfort, public spaces and access, management and control, and, most importantly, proximity to important uses and access to public transport. Unlike traditional housing, they can attract a wide range of social groups, including children, adults, and the elderly

Individuals’ characteristics and those of age, sex, and social groups should help provide a safe, healthy, sustainable, and attractive environment that can properly respond to the different needs of all groups in the community. The population of the disabled, including people with physical and mobility disabilities, is among those who are deprived of ordinary lives, and the social planning system has led them to physical and social seclusion. All around the world, people with physical and mobility disabilities constitute a significant part of the population who, like other people, should be able to move around the city to satisfy their needs, strive, and not be deprived of their right to live a social life. It is a necessity for the development of the society to adapt urban spaces in order to provide all individuals and segments of the society with equal opportunities to move around the city and access all urban spaces. According to Article 5 of the Charter of Civil Rights of the Iranian Government, all the disabled and the elderly hold the right to benefit from medical and rehabilitation facilities for recovery or empowerment to be able to live independently and participate in different aspects of life. The research population included 4430 disabled people (physically disabled, blind, or partially sighted) in the city of Ardabil, Iran. Sample size was estimated to be 354 using Cochran’s formula, and a questionnaire was distributed among as many disabled participants and filled out. Interview methods were used for the blind and visually impaired who were not able to fill out the questionnaire. The sampling method employed in the study was simple random sampling, and data analysis was performed in SPSS using one-sample t-test and analysis of variance. As members of the society, the disabled have rights and entitlements that must be taken into account. One such issue concerns the design and adaptation of urban spaces for this group. If a disabled citizen is unable to access the places he needs to visit due to inappropriate urban spaces, he will be faced with many problems and barriers. The results of this study demonstrated that the physical zone of ​​Ardabil, sidewalks, and construction equipment could not be used by the disabled. Urban administrators and officials have tried to adapt urban spaces by observing relevant principles in the central part of the city. On average, the status of the indicators was better in the group with physical and mobility impairment than in the blind. For example, the physical and socio-economic indicators exhibited higher averages in the group with physical and mobility impairment than in the blind. Although there were employment restrictions in both groups, they were more common among the blind and visually impaired. Furthermore, higher transportation costs were imposed on the blind and visually impaired than on those with physical and mobility disabilities. Despite the measures taken to adapt the environment for the active presence of the physically disabled and the blind, it is still impossible in the current socio-economic and physical conditions to adequately meet the needs of the disabled. Moreover, the urban management authorities in Ardabil have not formulated a clear plan for adaptation of urban spaces, and have therefore failed to exhibit acceptable performance in the field.