سهراب مجدفر

In order to increase Iran's naval power, the Navy has gone beyond its territorial waters and with a strategic presence in international open waters, pursues the interests of our country miles away from the country and is looking for a strategic presence in the South Pole. Apart from scientific goals and economic interests, other military-security goals are also pursued by the countries present in Antarctica, and according to international laws, Iran can claim sovereignty over a part of Antarctica.The current research is exploratory in terms of its purpose and applied research in terms of the type of use, in which the qualitative method and data strategy of the Foundation (Glaser) have been used. Based on the data theory of the Glazer Foundation, the researcher can create a new theory (arbitrary modeling) based on the knowledge obtained. With the experience of Chaba University of Marine Sciences, Khorramshahr Marine Sciences and Imam Khomeini University of Nowshahr, they were selected by purposeful sampling until reaching the theoretical saturation stage. The method of collecting information is field (interview) and library (collection of literature and research background). The collection tool was also a guide or an interview card. The data was analyzed in three stages of open, central and selective coding. For data analysis, MaxQDA 18 software was used and finally, the structural template of the system was drawn and presented. The findings of interviews with experts and elites in the form of a conceptual model showed the professional management of marine logistics services (support, space creation and arrangement of items), the integration of lean and sustainable supply chain management in the logistics process, foundation and application of new logistics technologies, agility Resources and employees, technological training and specialized management of human resources, support of vessels (technical, maintenance and security) and prioritization of budget and credits of the logistics field have an impact on the development of maritime logistics infrastructure in the economic and military security exploitation of Antarctica.

This article proposes a three-effect system based on diesel engine to increase efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. An organic Rankine cycle to produce power, an ejector refrigeration cycle to produce cold and a heat exchanger to produce heat. 12 biofuels are produced based on vegetable oils and compared with the performance of pure diesel. Mass, energy, exergy, economic and environmental analyzes are performed for the produced biofuels. In this regard, canola biofuel B20 has been selected as the best fuel for the designed system, which has a net power of 7468 kW with an exergy efficiency of 37.96%, an environmental sustainability index of 1.611 and an environmental impact index of 1.635 at an engine speed of 1700 rpm and load. It provides 100 percent. The exergy efficiency of the engine is influenced by the engine load, while the exergy efficiency of the proposed system is influenced by the engine speed. Also, the exergy efficiency of the system and the unit product cost are 37.96% and 11.196 $/GJ, respectively, in the optimal state.

In this paper, a numerical study is performed in order to investigate the effect of the numerical diffusion on simulation of separated two-phase flow of gas-liquid. The governing equations solved by shock capturing method which can provide predicting the interface without the flow field solving. In this work, in order to calculate the numerical flux term, first-order centred scheme (Force scheme) was applied cause of its accuracy and appropriate validation. Analysis approves that the obtained stability range of this research is consistent with the classic kelvin-Helmholtz instability equation only for the long wavelength with small amplitude. Results reveal that when the wavelengths are reduced, the specified range is not consistent and wavelength affects on instability range and it is overpredicted. An algorithm for water faucet problem was developed in Fortran language. Short wavelength perturbations induce unbounded growth rates and make it impossible to achieve converging solutions. The approach taken in this article has been to adding numerical diffusion as a CFD technique is used to remedy this deficiency.

In the present study, in order to measure the functional characteristics of the diesel engine due to the mixing of the common fuel gasoline in Iran and the biodiesel fuel of the methyl ester of waste oil, various combinations of fuel with volume percentages B80, B60, B40, B20, B0 were prepared. Then, by applying different loads in a constant 1340 rpm range, the diesel engine tested (Messier Ferguson 240 tractor) was measured using an electric dynamometer of motor performance indicators. Exhaust emission temperature, thermal efficiency and air to fuel ratio up to the B40 fuel blend, and with a higher percentage of biodiesel, reduce the B40 fuel mixture. The ratio of air to fuel in the fuel mixture B40 is higher than other fuel mixtures. And the process of changing the air to fuel ratio is the same in all dynamometer loads. Particular fuel consumption and fuel consumption tune up to the B40 blend of fuel and increase the B40 fuel mix, due to the fact that the B40 fuel mixture has the lowest fuel consumption and specific fuel consumption. The use of this mixture is recommended as a superior fuel mix in terms of fuel economy in fixed-cycle diesel engines. Brake force and air flow rates are the same in all dynamometer loads and in all diesel and biodiesel fuel mixes. The reason for the stability of the braking power at a specified time is that by changing the amount of fuel, the dynamometer is kept at a constant limit of 1340 rpm. Considering the environmental requirements and the process of reducing fossil fuels, renewable energy biodiesel has been identified as one of the main alternatives to replacing diesel.

War at sea is a complex situation, and apart from the use of techniques, the laws are required someday. Many of the rules of naval warfare are in common with those of other wars, but the rules of naval warfare are far more complex. The prohibition of the principles of international law, which is enshrined in the law of armed conflict within the framework of humanitarian law, comprises two basic principles: the prohibition on the use of weapons and methods that cause unnecessary harm and pain, and the prohibition on the use of military methods and equipment which They are not directly capable of separating civilian targets and property. Limiting the means of warfare means balancing the military necessity and the damage inflicted by the war to support non-combatants. In naval warfare certain tools and methods are used. Humanitarian law restricts the effects of war and, for humanitarian reasons, restricts the right of the parties to the conflict to choose and use war instruments and methods. The purpose of this brief is to examine the methods of naval warfare from the perspective of international humanitarian law, and to prove that international humanitarian law is applicable to the methods and instruments of naval warfare. The research method of this paper is analytical-descriptive method and the method of data collection is library method.

In this paper, optimization of fuel consumption and NOx and soot emissions in a direct diesel engine is done using neural network and ant algorithm by applying the parameters of inlet air temperature, rate of fuel injection mass and engine speed. Complexity of the behavior of internal combustion engines was first determined by using experimental experiments to establish the relationship between the input and output parameters by the neural network. The artificial neural network with the Levenberg-Marguerite training algorithm is used to model and train the existing relationship between the above parameters and is used as a subroutine for predicting optimal values in the ant colony algorithm. Results show the engine optimized parameters are drawn to lower temperatures due to lower NOx and soot emissions by lowering the inlet air temperature. Also the results of modeling and prediction performed by neural network show 98% and 94% concordance with the experimental data in emissions and fuel consumption, respectively. On the other hand, improving the quality of NOx values, because of its high weight in the objective function, affects the overall optimization result and the behavior of the objective function in convergence is very similar to NOx behavior. Also, combination of neural network-Ant algorithm approach due to its fast convergence and consequently short response time can be used as an effective method of diesel engine intelligent control systems to reduce emissions and fuel consumption.

With regard to environmental goals, the use of renewable energy in energy production is increasing. Given the geographic location of each region, choosing the right method for producing renewable energy leads to increase efficiency and economic benefit. In this paper, the feasibility and capacity of the coast and port of Noshahr in order to achieve optimal renewable energy production method is carried out. In this study, according to various references, the situation in the country of Iran and the coast and the port of Noshahr, in terms of the amount of solar radiation, wind speed and capacity, geothermal energy capacity, biomass and various types of marine energy production, including wave, tidal, ocean thermal, ocean current, and salinity gradient energy have been studied and evaluated. Each of these methods is also compared in terms of cost. According to feasibility studies and evaluations, Noshahr port is a suitable place for energy production by ocean thermal, because at a low depth of water it is possible to reach a difference of at least 20 degrees between the surface water and the deep water. Also, this method, according to an economic survey, has the lowest cost among the methods available in the port of Noshahr.

Since the Navy is considered as a strategic force in the Islamic Republic of Iran, having a decisive and strategic role in the field is very important and significant. With a view to considering the need to prepare for imbalanced or Heterogeneous battles, new ideas will be important. One of the new ideas that have potential military strategy, is a ship without deck or the float level with the ability to dive into underwater that is called submersible surface ship or SSS. This study suggests the need to consider this type of vessels in various military and civilian aspects, also with the introduction of this type of research is to describe the characteristics of secrecypotential of diving. Then It goes on to discuss the challenges facing in manufacturing it and the proposed construction of a road map has been expressed.

In this article we have discussed seakeeping different body types. As we know seakeeping ability of a vessel or offshore structure to the desired buoyancy is such that if a vessel or floating structures، seakeeping good، bad sea conditions can also have acceptable performance. Numerical Investigation movements with heave and pitch of three type hull of Wigley، Series 60 and DDG 51 floating in front of the regular wave and validation of numerical results are compared with experimental results to predict seakeeping floating ship in effect Maxsurf Ratios software deals have. It should be noted that the shape and size of ship movements of the body، but the results of this study cannot be used in similar cases.